centos7.7 安装 mysql8.0.20

1. 下载安装包

 2. 卸载主机自带的mysql或mariadb

[ ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
[ ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.64-1.el7.x86_64
[ ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.64-1.el7.x86_64

3.  安装mysql8.0.20

 上传安装包至/softbak，解压到/usr/local/

[ ~]# mkdir /softbak
[ ~]# cd /softbak/
[ softbak]# ls
mysql-8.0.20-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
[ softbak]# tar -xzvf mysql-8.0.20-el7-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
。。。
[ softbak]# cd /usr/local/
[ local]# ls
bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql-8.0.20-el7-x86_64  sbin  share  src
[ local]# mv mysql-8.0.20-el7-x86_64/ mysql/

创建mysql用户和组

创建目录并授权

[ mysql]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql
[ mysql]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/log
[ mysql]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

[ mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
[ mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql

添加环境变量

[ mysql]# vim ~/.bash_profile

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin[ ~]# source ~/.bash_profile 

配置参数文件

[ mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
character-set-server=utf8mb4
default-storage-engine=INNODB
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M
max_allowed_packet=16M
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1
log-output=FILE
general_log = 0
general_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/log/liandodb_general.err
slow_query_log = ON
slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/log/liandodb_query.err
long_query_time=10
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/log/liandodb_error.err
default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password

数据库初始化

[ mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

查看初始化日志

[ mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/log/
[ log]# ls
liandodb_error.err  liandodb_query.err
[ log]# more liandodb_error.err 
2020-05-15T03:09:59.555661Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.20) initializing of server in progress as process
 1834
2020-05-15T03:09:59.623225Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2020-05-15T03:10:03.164817Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2020-05-15T03:10:08.144133Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for : txu2t6_EGBH:

配置mysql服务

[ data]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service

[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 65536
LimitNPROC = 65536[ data]# systemctl daemon-reload

测试服务

[ ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
[ ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[ ~]# 
[ ~]# ps -ef | grep mysqld
mysql      3986      1  4 11:37 ?        00:00:01 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

设置开机启动

[ ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.

查看服务状态

[ ~]# systemctl status mysqld
?.mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2020-05-15 11:37:42 CST; 2min 1s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
 Main PID: 3986 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           ?..3986 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

May 15 11:37:42 liandoyun systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

手动启停命令：

启动：nohup /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
停止：
mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

4.修改root口令

[ ~]# mysql -u root -p 
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.20

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> ALTER USER ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘root‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)

5.设置root远程登录

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select host,user from user where user=‘root‘;
+-----------+------+
| host      | user |
+-----------+------+
| localhost | root |
+-----------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create USER ‘root‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘root‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to ‘root‘@‘%‘ with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

测试远程登陆：

[ ~]# mysql -h 10.0.3.116 -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.20 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

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