8个实用的Shell脚本分享
几个Shell脚本的例子,觉得还不错。
【例子:001】判断输入为数字,字符或其他
代码如下:
#!/bin/bash read -p "Enter a number or string here:" input case $input in [0-9]) echo -e "Good job, Your input is a numberic! \n" ;; [a-zA-Z]) echo -e "Good job, Your input is a character! \n" ;; *) echo -e "Your input is wrong, input again! \n" ;; esac
【例子:002】求平均数
代码如下:
#!/bin/bash # Calculate the average of a series of numbers. SCORE="0" AVERAGE="0" SUM="0" NUM="0" while true; do echo -n "Enter your score [0-100%] ('q' for quit): "; read SCORE; if (("$SCORE" < "0")) || (("$SCORE" > "100")); then echo "Be serious. Common, try again: " elif [ "$SCORE" == "q" ]; then echo "Average rating: $AVERAGE%." break else SUM=$[$SUM + $SCORE] NUM=$[$NUM + 1] AVERAGE=$[$SUM / $NUM] fi done echo "Exiting."
【例子:003】自减输出
代码如下:
[scriptname: doit.sh] while (( $# > 0 )) do echo $* shift done /> ./doit.sh a b c d e a b c d e b c d e c d e d e e
【例子:004】在文件中添加前缀
代码如下:
# 人名列表 # cat namelist Jame Bob Tom Jerry Sherry Alice John # 脚本程序 # cat namelist.sh #!/bin/bash for name in $(cat namelist) do echo "name= " $name done echo "The name is out of namelist file" # 输出结果 # ./namelist.sh name= Jame name= Bob name= Tom name= Jerry name= Sherry name= Alice name= John
【例子:005】批量测试文件是否存在
代码如下:
[root@host ~]# cat testfile.sh #!/bin/bash for file in test*.sh do if [ -f $file ];then echo "$file existed." fi done [root@host ~]# ./testfile.sh test.sh existed. test1.sh existed. test2.sh existed. test3.sh existed. test4.sh existed. test5.sh existed. test78.sh existed. test_dev_null.sh existed. testfile.sh existed.
【例子:005】用指定大小文件填充硬盘
代码如下:
[root@host ~]# df -ih /tmp Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg00-lvol5 1000K 3.8K 997K 1% /tmp [root@host ~]# cat cover_disk.sh #!/bin/env bash counter=0 max=3800 remainder=0 while true do ((counter=counter+1)) if [ ${#counter} -gt $max ];then break fi ((remainder=counter%1000)) if [ $remainder -eq 0 ];then echo -e "counter=$counter\tdate=" $(date) fi mkdir -p /tmp/temp cat < testfile > "/tmp/temp/myfile.$counter" if [ $? -ne 0 ];then echo "Failed to write file to Disk." exit 1 fi done echo "Done!" [root@host ~]# ./cover_disk.sh counter=1000 date= Wed Sep 10 09:20:39 HKT 2014 counter=2000 date= Wed Sep 10 09:20:48 HKT 2014 counter=3000 date= Wed Sep 10 09:20:56 HKT 2014 cat: write error: No space left on device Failed to write file to Disk. dd if=/dev/zero of=testfile bs=1M count=1
【例子:006】通过遍历的方法读取配置文件
代码如下:
[root@host ~]# cat hosts.allow 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.2 127.0.0.3 127.0.0.4 127.0.0.5 127.0.0.6 127.0.0.7 127.0.0.8 127.0.0.9 [root@host ~]# cat readlines.sh #!/bin/env bash i=0 while read LINE;do hosts_allow[$i]=$LINE ((i++)) done < hosts.allow for ((i=1;i<=${#hosts_allow[@]};i++)); do echo ${hosts_allow[$i]} done echo "Done" [root@host ~]# ./readlines.sh 127.0.0.2 127.0.0.3 127.0.0.4 127.0.0.5 127.0.0.6 127.0.0.7 127.0.0.8 127.0.0.9 Done
【例子:007】简单正则表达式应用
代码如下:
[root@host ~]# cat regex.sh #!/bin/env sh #Filename: regex.sh regex="[A-Za-z0-9]{6}" if [[ $1 =~ $regex ]] then num=$1 echo $num else echo "Invalid entry" exit 1 fi [root@host ~]# ./regex.sh 123abc 123abc #!/bin/env bash #Filename: validint.sh validint(){ ret=`echo $1 | awk '{start = match($1,/^-?[0-9]+$/);if (start == 0) print "1";else print "0"}'` return $ret } validint $1 if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then echo "Wrong Entry" exit 1 else echo "OK! Input number is:" $1 fi
【例子:008】简单的按日期备份文件
代码如下:
#!/bin/bash NOW=$(date +"%m-%d-%Y") # 当前日期 FILE="backup.$NOW.tar.gz" # 备份文件 echo "Backing up data to /tmp/backup.$NOW.tar.gz file, please wait..." #打印信息 tar xcvf /tmp/backup.$NOW.tar.gz /home/ /etc/ /var # 同时备份多个文件到指定的tar压缩文件中 echo "Done..."
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