Build Apache 2.2.X on AIX 5.3 Platforms
Build Apache 2.2.X on AIX 5.3 Platforms Part I: Basics
http://olex.openlogic.com/wazi/2008/how-to-build-apache-22x-on-aix-53-platforms/
PartII:CommonIssues
http://olex.openlogic.com/wazi/2008/how-to-build-apache-22x-on-aix-53-platforms-part-ii-some-common-errors-and-pitfalls/
BuildApache2.2.XonAIX5.3PlatformsPartI:Basics
WhiletherearemanybinaryversionsofApacheavailablefortheAIXplatform,manypeoplewishtobuilditthemselvessotheycanaddmodulesorcustomlocationstotheApacheWebserver.Shouldyouneedthatflexibility,thistutorialwillguideyou.
ThisisnotanAIXadministrationguide,andanyadministrationtaskssuggestedbythisguidewillneedtobeperformedasa“root”user.Ifyou’reunsureofwhetherornotyouarea“root”user,thenyoushouldstopnow,andfindsomeonewhoknowsforsure.
This tutorial will also assume that we’re building Apache with GCC (GNU Compiler Collection). The steps outlined here may work with other compilers, but have only been tested with GCC.BeforeYouStart
InordertoproperlypreparethesystemandtheApachebuildconfiguration,weneedtomakeachecklistofwhereyouwantApacheandwhatuseyouwishtomakeofit.
WherewillyouinstallApache?InordertocompileApacheyou’llneed~250MBoffreediskspaceinthefollowingareas:
BuildDirectory–thisiswhereyou’llbuildthecode.Itcanbeanywhereonthefilesystem.Althoughmanypeoplechoosetodothisintheirhomedirectory,werecommendthatyoucreateaspecificdirectory.Somethinglike/buildintherootdirectory,orinaplacewhereyouhavefreespace.
PrefixDirectory–thisiswhereyouwantApachetobeinstalledwhenyou’redone.Bydefault,Apacheinstallsinthe/usrpartition.
TmpDirectory-It’salwaysagoodideatohavesomefreespacein/tmpduringbuilds.
You’llneedthefollowingtools:
ApacheSourceCode:DownloadApacheversion2.2.8.
GCC4.0:GNUCcompilerversion4forAIX5.3.You’llfindithere.
libgcc4.0:thelibraryforGCCforAIX5.3.Goheretogetit.
You’llalsoneedtoinstalllibm.afromtheAIX5.3installationdisk1.Werecommendusing“smittyinstallp”toaccomplishthisinstall.
UncompresstheApachesourcecodeintoatemporarylocation.Weusuallycreatea/hold/Apache-2.2.8directory,butanydirectorywhereyouhavespaceisfine.
Changedirectoryto/hold/Apache-2.2.8(cd/hold/Apache-2.2.8)
Runtheconfigurecommandwiththeprefixoption.(./configure--prefix=/usr/local/apache).ThiscommandevaluatesyoursystemforitsreadinesstobuildApache.You’llnoticethatsomethingswillbefound,andotherswillnotbefound.Aslongastheconfigurecompleteswithouterrors,youmaycontinuethebuildprocess.
Note: Installing the RPMs (Red Hat Package Managers) for GCC should be done as the root user.Meat&Potatoes
BuildingApache
Firstyou’llwanttouncompresstheApachesourcecodeintoatemporarylocation.Weusuallycreatea/hold/Apache-2.2.8directory,butanydirectorywhereyouhavespaceisfine.
Thistutorialwillassumethatdirectoryis/hold/Apache-2.2.8andwillassumethattheanswertoquestion1inthePrerequisitessectionaboveis/usr/local/apache.
MaketheApacheproject.(make)ThemakecommandreadstheMakefilethatwascreatedintheconfigurationstep.Thiswillrunforapproximately15minutes.Youmayseesomewarnings,butagain,aswiththeconfigurationstep,ifitcompleteswithouterrors,itisfine.
DeploytheApacheProject.(makeinstall)Oncemore,thisshouldbeaccomplishedasthe‘root’user.
Testtheproject.Changedirectoryto/usr/local/apache/bin.RuntheApachestart-upscript.(./apachectlstart)YoumaybewarnedthatApachecan’tdeterminetheserver’sname,butnoworries–that’stobeexpected,aswehavenotconfiguredApache.Theserverwillstillstartup.
InawebbrowsergotoURLhttp://localhost.
FinishingUp
Youshouldseethepageload,anditwillreport“ItWorks!”
BuildApache2.2.XonAIX5.3PlatformsPartI:Basics
Purpose
BuildingtheApacheWebserveronAIXisgenerallyastraightforwardenterpriseinwhichyou:obtainthecode,runafewsimplecommands(configure,make,andmakeinstall)andthenstopbyyourboss’scubetoaskifshe’sgotanythingshe’dlikeyoutotakeoffherplate.
Youdon’tknowusverywellyet,sowe’llbefrank:wesay“straightforward”withtonguefirmlyplantedincheek.AquickGooglesearchonthetopicwillreturnaplethoraofissuesusersencounterwhilebuildingthecodeiftheytryanythingbeyondstraightvanilla.Inotherwords,ifyouneedaninstallwithanyadditionalmodulesorcapabilities,expectsomeissues.
We’vealreadycoveredthevanillainstallation,inthefirstinstallmentoftheBuildingApacheonAIX.Thissecondpartofthetutorialtakesyoubeyondthosebasics.Beforeattemptinganyofthesework-arounds,werecommendthatyouhavemetalltherequirementsfora“basic”build.
BeforeYouStart
Followthesetupfromthefirstinstallmentofthisguide,BuildingApache2.2.XonAIX5.3platforms.
Meat&Potatoes
CommonProblems
Neglectingtocleanbetweenfailedbuilds(orbuildswithnumerous,particularerrors)
Duringcompilationphaseofthebuild,ifanyerrorsareencountered,thesubsequentbuild
mustbeprecededbyamakeclean.AsJoeBidenwouldsay“Letmerepeatthat”,makeclean.
Itisimportantthatyourbuildrunsfromstarttofinishwithouterrorsandthatthereis
notanyartifactsfrompreviousbuildattemptsgivingyoufalsepositiveorfalsenegativeresults.
EnvironmentIssues
Themostfrequentissueswithabuildareonesthatareencounteredbecausethebuildenvironment
isnotsetupcorrectly.Incorrectgccversion,gcclibraryversion,andnotaddingthe
mathlibrary(libm.a)arethemostcommon.Setupoftheseenvironmentelementsarecoveredin
thefirstinstallmentofthisguide.
ConfigurationOptions
ThelatestversionsofApacheWebserverhaveover160configurationoptionsandflags,makingformillionspotentialcombinations.TheseoptionscontrolexactlyhowtheWebserverisgoingtobuildand,moreimportantly,howitisgoingtorun.OnAIX,thereareseveraloptionsthatwehavefoundareeitherrequired,orparticularlybeneficialtocompletethebuild.
--prefix=PATH
Settingthisoptionisrequired.PATHistheexactpathwheretheWebserverwillbeinstalledandrunfrompostcompilation.
--with-included-apr
aprandapr-utilarebundledwiththeApacheWebserversourcereleases,andwillbeusedwithoutanyproblemsinalmostallcircumstances.However,ifaprorapr-utilversions1.0or1.1,areinstalledonyoursystem(asisthecaseifyouareusingAIX5.3),youmusteitherupgradeyourapr/apr-utilinstallationsto1.2andforcetheuseofthebundledlibraries,orhavehttpduseseparatebuilds.
Tousethebundledapr/apr-utilsources,specifythe--with-included-aproptionaddedinversion2.2.3ofApacheWebserver.
--enable-ssl=shared
IfyouchoosetoaddsslcapabilitiestoyourWebserver,youmustenablethisoption.ThisalsomeansthatyoumusthaveOpenSSLinstalledonyoursystem.OnAIXsystemsatypicalinstallwilllitterOpenSSLelementsacrossyourfilesystem,andthiswillcauseissuesasyoucompile.Forinstance,wehavefoundcompleteorportionsofOpenSSLinstalledinthefollowingdirectories:/usr,/usr/bin,/opt/freeware/bin,/usr/include,/usr/linux.Mostoften,thecorrectOpenSSLtouseisthelibrariesfoundin/usr.Tospecifyusingthisone,youmustsetthefollowingoptions:
--with-ssl=/usrThistellstheconfigurationsteptobindtolibrariesfoundinandunder/usr.
--enable-mods-shared=sslThistellsthesystemtocreatethesslmoduleasasharedobject.
Otherimportantconfigurationoptionsinclude:
--enable-so:Thisconfiguresapacheforlaterinstallationofsharedobjects(modules).Apachehttpdcanbebuilteitherwithstatic,built-inmodules,orbebuiltsothatmodulescanbestoredoutsideofthehttpdbinaryfile,andmaybecompiledandaddedatalatertime.HavingtheabilitytoaddmodulesafterthemainbuildisaccomplishedusingtheApacheExtentionTool(apxs).Thisdynamicbuildisenabledbythe–enable-sooption.ThemodulesthatarebuiltasextentionstothemainbinaryarecalledDynamicSharedObjects(DSO).
Finally,hereareafewoptionalmodulesyoumayincludeduringyourconfiguration:
ProxyModules
--enable-proxy
--enable-proxy-ajp
--enable-proxy-balancer
ConfiguringProxy
ForwardProxy
ProxyRequestsOn
ProxyViaOn
<Proxy*>
Orderdeny,allow
Denyfromall
Allowfrominternal.example.com
</Proxy>
ReverseProxy
ProxyRequestsOff
<Proxy*>
Orderdeny,allow
Allowfromall
</Proxy>
ProxyPass/pathhttp://domainname.com/thing
ProxyPassReverse/pathhttp://domainname.com/thing
ProxyAccess
<Proxy*>
OrderDeny,Allow
Denyfromall
Allowfrom192.168.0
</Proxy>
HelperModules
--enable-module=rewrite--enable-module=log_referer
CommonErrorMessages
Opensslcompilationerror.
Sampleerror:/usr/include/openssl/pq_compat.h:1:3:error:invalidpreprocessingdirective#IBM_PROLOG_BEGIN_TAG
OnAIX,itisnotuncommontoencountererrorsduringcompilationifsslisenabled.Thisisbecause
IBM’sOpenSSLpackagecontainsanumberofincludefilesin/usr/include/opensslwhereaspecial“IBMProlog”includelinehasbeenadded,makingtheheaderfilesincompatiblewithgcc.
Thefixistoeditpq_compat.h,andcommentoutanylineswithIBM_PROLOG_BEGIN_TAG,aswellasanyassociatedlineswiththePrologincludetag.
Linkererrors
Sampleerror:0711-317ERROR:Undefinedsymbol:.BIO_clear_flags
OnAIX,onceyouhavesatisfiedthegccrequirementstobuildApachetwolinkerswillexist
onyoursystem.Linkererrors,liketheoneseenabove,arearesultofthepathingtolibrariesbeing
differentforthecompilerandthelinker,andcanberesolvedbysettingenvironmentflags.
Now,onallUNIXsystemsthereisalibrarypaththatistobeusedduringlinkphase,andruntime,
andonallUNIXsystemsthispathissetviatheLD_LIBRARY_PATHvariable.AllUnixsystems,thatis,exceptAIX.Forthisreason,weusuallysetthepathusingboththestandardandtheAIXvariableasasafetyprecaution.ThenativeAIXlinkershoulduseLIBPATH,whileLD_LIBRARY_PATHwillbeusedbytheGnulinker.
Examplelibrarypathsetuplookslikethis:
setLIBPATH=/usr/lib:/lib
setLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib:/lib
exportLIBPATHLD_LIBRARY_PATH
Finishing Up
Augmentingthebasicbuildwithadditionalmoduleswilladdcomplexitytothebuildprocess,butbyfollowingthistutorialandproperlysettingupyourenvironment,mosterrorscanbeavoided.Ofcourse,eachsystemcanhaveotherlibrariesandpackagesinstalledthatcancauseadditionalerrormessages,orwarnings.WhilewehavebuiltApacheonAIXmanytimes,onmanydifferentsystems,thisguidedoesnotclaimto,andcan’tpossibly,anticipateeverysituation.Shouldyouencounterothererrors,pleaseemailthemtous,andwe’llincludetheminafuturerevision.
We wish you good luck, and happy compiling.