MySQL数据库压力测试工具mysqlslap详解

mysqlslap是从MySQL的5.1.4版开始就开始官方提供的压力测试工具。通过模拟多个并发客户端并发访问mysql来执行压力测试,同时提供了较详细的SQL执行数据性能报告,并且能很好的对比多个存储引擎(MyISAM,InnoDB等)在相同环境下的相同并发压力下的性能差别。

mysqlslap官方文档: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/mysqlslap.html

Table 4.14 mysqlslap Options

FormatDescriptionIntroduced
--auto-generate-sqlGenerate SQL statements automatically when they are not supplied in files or using command options 
--auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrementAdd AUTO_INCREMENT column to automatically generated tables 
--auto-generate-sql-execute-numberSpecify how many queries to generate automatically 
--auto-generate-sql-guid-primaryAdd a GUID-based primary key to automatically generated tables 
--auto-generate-sql-load-typeSpecify the test load type 
--auto-generate-sql-secondary-indexesSpecify how many secondary indexes to add to automatically generated tables 
--auto-generate-sql-unique-query-numberHow many different queries to generate for automatic tests. 
--auto-generate-sql-unique-write-numberHow many different queries to generate for --auto-generate-sql-write-number 
--auto-generate-sql-write-numberHow many row inserts to perform on each thread 
--commitHow many statements to execute before committing. 
--compressCompress all information sent between client and server 
--concurrencyNumber of clients to simulate when issuing the SELECT statement 
--createFile or string containing the statement to use for creating the table 
--create-schemaSchema in which to run the tests 
--csvGenerate output in comma-separated values format 
--debugWrite debugging log 
--debug-checkPrint debugging information when program exits 
--debug-infoPrint debugging information, memory, and CPU statistics when program exits 
--default-authAuthentication plugin to use5.6.2
--defaults-extra-fileRead named option file in addition to usual option files 
--defaults-fileRead only named option file 
--defaults-group-suffixOption group suffix value 
--delimiterDelimiter to use in SQL statements 
--detachDetach (close and reopen) each connection after each N statements 
--enable-cleartext-pluginEnable cleartext authentication plugin5.6.7
--engineStorage engine to use for creating the table 
--helpDisplay help message and exit 
--hostConnect to MySQL server on given host 
--iterationsNumber of times to run the tests 
--login-pathRead login path options from .mylogin.cnf5.6.6
--no-defaultsRead no option files 
--no-dropDo not drop any schema created during the test run5.6.3
--number-char-colsNumber of VARCHAR columns to use if --auto-generate-sql is specified 
--number-int-colsNumber of INT columns to use if --auto-generate-sql is specified 
--number-of-queriesLimit each client to approximately this number of queries 
--only-printDo not connect to databases. mysqlslap only prints what it would have done 
--passwordPassword to use when connecting to server 
--pipeOn Windows, connect to server using named pipe 
--plugin-dirDirectory where plugins are installed5.6.2
--portTCP/IP port number to use for connection 
--post-queryFile or string containing the statement to execute after the tests have completed 
--post-systemString to execute using system() after the tests have completed 
--pre-queryFile or string containing the statement to execute before running the tests 
--pre-systemString to execute using system() before running the tests 
--print-defaultsPrint default options 
--protocolConnection protocol to use 
--queryFile or string containing the SELECT statement to use for retrieving data 
--secure-authDo not send passwords to server in old (pre-4.1) format5.6.17
--shared-memory-base-nameThe name of shared memory to use for shared-memory connections 
--silentSilent mode 
--socketFor connections to localhost, the Unix socket file to use 
--sslEnable secure connection 
--ssl-caPath of file that contains list of trusted SSL CAs 
--ssl-capathPath of directory that contains trusted SSL CA certificates in PEM format 
--ssl-certPath of file that contains X509 certificate in PEM format 
--ssl-cipherList of permitted ciphers to use for connection encryption 
--ssl-crlPath of file that contains certificate revocation lists5.6.3
--ssl-crlpathPath of directory that contains certificate revocation list files5.6.3
--ssl-keyPath of file that contains X509 key in PEM format 
--ssl-modeSecurity state of connection to server5.6.30
--ssl-verify-server-certVerify server certificate Common Name value against host name used when connecting to server 
--userMySQL user name to use when connecting to server 
--verboseVerbose mode 
--versionDisplay version information and exit

参数参考表:
--host=host_name, -h host_name  连接到的MySQL服务器的主机名(或IP地址),默认为本机localhost

--user=user_name, -u user_name  连接MySQL服务时用的用户名

--password[=password], -p[password]  连接MySQL服务时用的密码

--create-schema 代表自定义的测试库名称,测试的schema,MySQL中schema也就是database。

(没指定使用哪个数据库时,可能会遇到错误mysqlslap: Error when connecting to server: 1049 Unknown database 'mysqlslap')

--query=name,-q 使用自定义脚本执行测试(可以是SQL字符串或脚本),例如可以调用自定义的一个存储过程或者sql语句来执行测试。

--create 创建表所需的SQL(可以是SQL字符串或脚本)

--concurrency=N, -c N 表示并发量,也就是模拟多少个客户端同时执行query。可指定多个值,以逗号或者--delimiter参数指定的值做为分隔符。例如:--concurrency=100,200,500(分别执行100、200、500个并发)。

--iterations=N, -i N  测试执行的迭代次数,代表要在不同的并发环境中,各自运行测试多少次;多次运行以便让结果更加准确。

--number-of-queries=N 总的测试查询次数(并发客户数×每客户查询次数)

--engine=engine_name, -e engine_name 代表要测试的引擎,可以有多个,用分隔符隔开。例如:--engine=myisam,innodb,memory。

--auto-generate-sql, -a 自动生成测试表和数据,表示用mysqlslap工具自己生成的SQL脚本来测试并发压力。

--auto-generate-sql-load-type=type 测试语句的类型。代表要测试的环境是读操作还是写操作还是两者混合的。取值包括:read (scan tables), write (insert into tables), key (read primary keys), update (update primary keys), or mixed (half inserts, half scanning selects). 默认值是:mixed.

--auto-generate-sql-add-auto-increment 代表对生成的表自动添加auto_increment列,从5.1.18版本开始支持。

--number-char-cols=N, -x N 自动生成的测试表中包含多少个字符类型的列,默认1

--number-int-cols=N, -y N 自动生成的测试表中包含多少个数字类型的列,默认1

--commint=N 多少条DML后提交一次。

--compress, -C 如果服务器和客户端支持都压缩,则压缩信息传递。

--only-print 只打印测试语句而不实际执行。

--detach=N 执行N条语句后断开重连。

--debug-info, -T 打印内存和CPU的相关信息。

mysqlslap的运行有如下3个步骤:
1. 创建schema、table、test data 等 (在MySQL中,schema就是database);
2. 运行负载测试,可以使用多个并发客户端连接;
3. 测试环境清理(删除创建的数据、表等)。

案例:

[root@mysql ~]# mysqlslap -a --concurrency=50,100 --number-of-queries 1000 --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement --number-char-cols=10 --number-int-cols=5 -pOracle
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Benchmark
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.775 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.775 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.775 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 50
Average number of queries per client: 20

Benchmark
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.984 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.984 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.984 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 100
Average number of queries per client: 10

[root@mysql ~]# mysqlslap -a --concurrency=50,100 --number-of-queries 1000 --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement --number-char-cols=10 --number-int-cols=5 --engine=myisam,innodb -poracle
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Benchmark
Running for engine myisam
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.117 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.117 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.117 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 50
Average number of queries per client: 20

Benchmark
Running for engine myisam
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.129 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.129 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.129 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 100
Average number of queries per client: 10

Benchmark
Running for engine innodb
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.665 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.665 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.665 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 50
Average number of queries per client: 20

Benchmark
Running for engine innodb
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.480 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.480 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.480 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 100
Average number of queries per client: 10

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