9、ZooKeeper安装教程详解
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1、环境准备
1.1下载zooKeeper
查阅hadoop2.7.3的文档我们可以看到hadoop2.7.3在搭建高可用的时候使用的是zookeeper-3.4.2版本，所以我们也按照hadoop官网的提示，接下来我们安装zookeeper-3.4.2版本.进入官网下载ZooKeeper3.4.2版本
官网地址：https://zookeeper.apache.org/
点击Download
1.3安装zooKeeper
#1.把zookeeper的压缩安装包解压到/opt/bigdata/目录下 [ ~]# tar -xzvf zookeeper-3.4.2.tar.gz -C /opt/bigdata/ #输入完命令后回车 #2.切换到bigdata目录下 [ ~]# cd /opt/bigdata/ #3.按照安装hadoop的方式，将zookeeper的安装目录的所属组修改为hadoop:hadoop #修改zookeeper安装目录的所属用户和组为hadoop:hadoop [ bigdata]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop zookeeper-3.4.2/ #4.修改zookeeper安装目录的读写权限 [ bigdata]# chmod -R 755 zookeeper-3.4.2/
1.4配置zooKeeper环境变量
#1.切换到hadoop用户目录下 [ bigdata]# su - hadoop Last login: Thu Jul 18 16:07:39 CST 2019 on pts/0 [ ~]$ cd /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/ [ zookeeper-3.4.2]$ cd .. [ bigdata]$ cd ~ #2.修改hadoop用户下的环境变量配置文件 [ ~]$ vi .bash_profile # Get the aliases and functions # Get the aliases and functions if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc fi # User specific environment and startup programs JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64 HADOOP_HOME=/opt/bigdata/hadoop-2.7.3 SPARK_HOME=/opt/spark-2.4.3-bin-hadoop2.7 M2_HOME=/opt/apache-maven-3.0.5 #3.新增zookeeper的环境变量ZOOKEEPER_HOME ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/ PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$M2_HOME/bin #4.将zookeeper的环境变量ZOOKEEPER_HOME加入到path中 PATH=$PATH:$SPARK_HOME/bin:$SPARK_HOME/sbin:$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin export JAVA_HOME export HADOOP_HOME export M2_HOME export SPARK_HOME export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop export HDFS_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop #5.导出zookeeper环境变量 export ZOOKEEPER_HOME #6.保存修改内容 :wq! #记得回车 #7.使得环境变量生效 [ ~]$ source .bash_profile #8.输入zk然后按键盘左侧的Tab键 [ ~]$ zk #有如下的提示,表名zookeeper的配置完成 zkCleanup.sh zkCli.cmd zkCli.sh zkEnv.cmd zkEnv.sh zkServer.cmd zkServer.sh [ ~]$ zk
1.5 修改zookeeper集群配置文件
将目录切换到zookeeper的安装目录下的conf目录下复制zoo_sample.cfg文件为zoo.cfg
[ ~]$ cd /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/conf/ [ conf]$ ll total 12 -rwxr-xr-x 1 hadoop hadoop 535 Dec 22 2011 configuration.xsl -rwxr-xr-x 1 hadoop hadoop 2161 Dec 22 2011 log4j.properties -rwxr-xr-x 1 hadoop hadoop 808 Dec 22 2011 zoo_sample.cfg #1.复制zoo_sample.cfg模板配置文件为正式的配置文件zoo.cfg [ conf]$ cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg [ conf]$ ll total 16 -rwxr-xr-x 1 hadoop hadoop 535 Dec 22 2011 configuration.xsl -rwxr-xr-x 1 hadoop hadoop 2161 Dec 22 2011 log4j.properties -rwxr-xr-x 1 hadoop hadoop 808 Jul 19 11:20 zoo.cfg -rwxr-xr-x 1 hadoop hadoop 808 Dec 22 2011 zoo_sample.cfg [ conf]$
修改dataDir的值为 dataDir=/var/lib/zookeeper,在文件的末尾添加如下配置:
server.1=node1:2888:3888 server.2=node2:2888:3888 server.3=node3:2888:3888
修改完配置文件记得保存
# The number of milliseconds of each tick tickTime=2000 # The number of ticks that the initial # synchronization phase can take initLimit=10 # The number of ticks that can pass between # sending a request and getting an acknowledgement syncLimit=5 # the directory where the snapshot is stored. # do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just # example sakes. dataDir=/var/lib/zookeeper # the port at which the clients will connect clientPort=2181 # the maximum number of client connections. # increase this if you need to handle more clients #maxClientCnxns=60 # # Be sure to read the maintenance section of the # administrator guide before turning on autopurge. 开课吧 kaikeba.com 精选领域名师，只为人才赋能 6 1.6 创建myid文件 在节点node1,node2,node3对应的/var/lib/zookeeper目录下(dataDir配置的目录/var/lib/zookeeper)创建myid文 件,几个文件内容依次为1,2,3 如下图我们切换到root用户，在/var/lib目录下创建zookeeper目录，因为hadoop用户对/var/lib目录没有写权限， 所以我们在创建zookeeper目录时需要切换到root用户(拥有最大权限) # # http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance # # The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir #autopurge.snapRetainCount=3 # Purge task interval in hours # Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature #autopurge.purgeInterval=1 server.1=node1:2888:3888 server.2=node2:2888:3888 server.3=node3:2888:3888 #修改完配置文件记得保存
1.6 创建myid文件
在节点node1,node2,node3对应的/var/lib/zookeeper目录下(dataDir配置的录/var/lib/zookeeper)创建myid文件,几个文件内容依次为1,2,3。切换到root用户，在/var/lib目录下创建zookeeper目录，因为hadoop用户对/var/lib目录没有写权限，所以我们在创建zookeeper目录时需要切换到
root用户(拥有最大权限) [ conf]$ vi zoo.cfg #1.切换到root用户 [ conf]$ su - root Password: Last login: Fri Jul 19 10:53:59 CST 2019 from 192.168.200.1 on pts/0 #2.创建zookeeper目录 [ ~]# mkdir -p /var/lib/zookeeper #3.进入到/var/lib/zookeeper/目录 [ ~]# cd /var/lib/zookeeper/ You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root #4.创建myid配置文件 [ zookeeper]# touch myid #5.编辑myid文件，输入1，我们目前编辑的是node1的节点的myid文件，node2的myid内容为2，node3的myid内容为3 [ zookeeper]# vi myid You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root #6.查看一下myid文件内容为1 [ zookeeper]# cat myid 1 You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
1.7 修改myid目录权限
#1.配置完成后记得修改zookeeper目录的所属组和读写权限 [ zookeeper]# cd .. You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root #2.修改zookeeper目录所属组 [ lib]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop zookeeper/ #3.修改zookeeper目录的读写权限为755 [ lib]# chmod -R 755 zookeeper/ [ lib]#
2、复制zookeeper
#1.复制/var/lib目录下的zookeeper目录到node2和node3的/var/lib目录下 [ lib]# scp -r zookeeper node2:$PWD [ lib]# scp -r zookeeper node3:$PWD #2.复制zookeeper安装目录到node2和node3的安装目录下/opt/bigdata目录下 [ lib]# scp -r /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/ node2:/opt/bigdata/ [ lib]# scp -r /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/ node3:/opt/bigdata/
3、修改node2和node3节点zookeeper的相关目录权限
修改node2节点zookeeper 相关目录权限
#1.修改zookeeper的myid配置目录所属组和读写权限 [ lib]# cd ~ [ ~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /var/lib/zookeeper [ ~]# chmod -R 755 /var/lib/zookeeper #2.修改zookeeper安装目录所属组和读写权限 [ ~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/ You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [ ~]# chmod -R 755 /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/ [ ~]#
修改node3节点zookeeper 相关目录权限
#1.修改zookeeper的myid配置目录所属组和读写权限 [ bigdata]# cd ~ You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [ ~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /var/lib/zookeeper [ ~]# chmod -R 755 /var/lib/zookeeper #2.修改zookeeper安装目录所属组和读写权限 [ ~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/ You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [ ~]# chmod -R 755 /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/ [ ~]#
4、修改node2和node3的myid文件内容
修改node2节点zookeeper 的myid内容为2：
[ ~]# vi /var/lib/zookeeper/myid You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [ ~]# cat /var/lib/zookeeper/myid 2 [ ~]#
修改node3节点zookeeper 的myid内容为3
[ ~]# vi /var/lib/zookeeper/myid You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [ ~]# cat /var/lib/zookeeper/myid 3 [ ~]#
5、配置node2和node3的zookeeper环境变量
我们在node1节点上直接将hadoop用户的环境变量配置文件远程复制到node2和node3的hadoop用户家目录下
#1.如果当前登录用户是root用户，需要切换到hadoop用户下，如果当前用户是hadoop用户，请将目录切换到hadoop用 户的家目录下,在进行环境变量文件的远程复制. [ lib]# su - hadoop Last login: Fri Jul 19 11:08:44 CST 2019 on pts/0 [ ~]$ scp .bash_profile node2:$PWD .bash_profile 100% 681 64.8KB/s 00:00 [ ~]$ scp .bash_profile node3:$PWD .bash_profile 100% 681 156.8KB/s 00:00 [ ~]$
5.1 使得node2和node3的环境变量生效
使得node2的hadoop的环境变量生效
#注意：切换到hadoop用户下 #1.使得环境变量生效 [ ~]$ source .bash_profile #2.输入zk然后按键盘左侧的Tab键 [ ~]$ zk #3.有如下命令和shell脚本的提示，说明zookeeper的环境变量配置成功. zkCleanup.sh zkCli.sh zkEnv.sh zkServer.sh zkCli.cmd zkEnv.cmd zkServer.cmd [ ~]$ zk
使得node3的hadoop的环境变量生效
#注意：切换到hadoop用户下 [ bigdata]# su - hadoop Last login: Thu Jul 18 15:37:50 CST 2019 on :0 #1.使得环境变量生效 [ ~]$ source .bash_profile #2.输入zk然后按键盘左侧的Tab键 [ ~]$ zk #3.有如下命令和shell脚本的提示，说明zookeeper的环境变量配置成功. zkCleanup.sh zkCli.sh zkEnv.sh zkServer.sh zkCli.cmd zkEnv.cmd zkServer.cmd [ ~]$ zk
6.启动zookeeper集群
6.1 启动zookeeper集群
启动zookeeper集群需要手动分别依次在三台机器上启动,启动前需要在三台机器上都将用户切换为hadoop用户.
node1上启动zookeeper
[ ~]$ zkServer.sh start JMX enabled by default Using config: /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Starting zookeeper ... STARTED [ ~]$
node2上启动zookeeper
[ ~]$ zkServer.sh start JMX enabled by default Using config: /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Starting zookeeper ... STARTED [ ~]$
node3上启动zookeeper
[ ~]$ zkServer.sh start JMX enabled by default Using config: /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Starting zookeeper ... STARTED [ ~]$
6.2 查看zookeeper集群状态
使用zkServer.sh status命令在三个节点分别执行查看状态
在node1上查看
[ bin]$ zkServer.sh status JMX enabled by default Using config: /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Mode: follower [ bin]$
在node2上查看
[ bin]$ zkServer.sh status JMX enabled by default Using config: /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Mode: follower [ bin]$
在node3上查看
[ bin]$ zkServer.sh status JMX enabled by default Using config: /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Mode: leader [ bin]$
至此我们zookeeper集群安装完成.
6.3 zooKeeper安装遇到问题
由于按照hadoop2.7.3版本官方文档中使用zookeeper-3.4.2版本，但是zookeeper-3.4.2版本比较低，我们在启动zookeeper后，可以使用jps命令或者ps -ef|grep zookeeper命令查看zookeeper主进程的状态，但是我们发现是正常的，如果我们使用zkServer.sh status命令查看zookeeper的状态却显示是异常的,不管启动多少次都会得到同样的结果。
[ bin]$ zkServer.sh status JMX enabled by default Using config: /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Error contacting service. It is probably not running. [ bin]$ zkServer.sh status JMX enabled by default Using config: /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Error contacting service. It is probably not running. [ bin]$ zkServer.sh status JMX enabled by default Using config: /opt/bigdata/zookeeper-3.4.2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Error contacting service. It is probably not running.
分析主要有以下两个原因造成:
1.centos7上没有安装nc工具.
2.zookeeper启动脚本中的nc命令在不同的linux版本中使用了无效的参数导致获取状态异常或者获取的状态为
空状态导致的。
解决方法:
1.使用yum 在三个节点上分别安装nc工具
yum install nc -y
2.修改zookeeper安装目录下的bin目录下的zkServer.sh脚本文件内容
修改完成后我们在使用zkServer.sh status就能看到zookeeper的状态了