Linux动态启用/禁用超线程技术的方法详解

前言

intel的超线程技术能让一个物理核上并行执行两个线程，大多数情况下能提高硬件资源的利用率，增强系统性能。对于cpu密集型的数值程序，超线程技术可能会导致整体程序性能下降。鉴于此，执行OpenMP或者MPI数值程序时建议关闭超线程技术。

以下是github上找到的动态打开、关闭超线程技术的脚本。其原理是根据/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/topology/thread_siblings_list文件找到逻辑核的关系，然后编辑/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/online文件实现动态开启和关闭超线程技术。

#!/bin/bash

HYPERTHREADING=1

function toggleHyperThreading() {
 for CPU in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-9]*; do
   CPUID=`basename $CPU | cut -b4-`
   echo -en "CPU: $CPUID\t"
   [ -e $CPU/online ] && echo "1" > $CPU/online
   THREAD1=`cat $CPU/topology/thread_siblings_list | cut -f1 -d,`
   if [ $CPUID = $THREAD1 ]; then
     echo "-> enable"
     [ -e $CPU/online ] && echo "1" > $CPU/online
   else
    if [ "$HYPERTHREADING" -eq "0" ]; then echo "-> disabled"; else echo "-> enabled"; fi
     echo "$HYPERTHREADING" > $CPU/online
   fi
 done
}

function enabled() {
    echo -en "Enabling HyperThreading\n"
    HYPERTHREADING=1
    toggleHyperThreading
}

function disabled() {
    echo -en "Disabling HyperThreading\n"
    HYPERTHREADING=0
    toggleHyperThreading
}

#
ONLINE=$(cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/online)
OFFLINE=$(cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/offline)
echo "---------------------------------------------------"
echo -en "CPU's online: $ONLINE\t CPU's offline: $OFFLINE\n"
echo "---------------------------------------------------"
while true; do
  read -p "Type in e to enable or d disable hyperThreading or q to quit [e/d/q] ?" ed
  case $ed in
    [Ee]* ) enabled; break;;
    [Dd]* ) disabled;exit;;
    [Qq]* ) exit;;
    * ) echo "Please answer e for enable or d for disable hyperThreading.";;
  esac
done

备注：

1. 脚本需root权限执行；
2. 可以通过cat /proc/cpuinfo查看启用的cpu信息，该命令无需root权限；
3. lscpu命令可查看cpu的状态（无需root权限）：超线程状态下threads per core数值为2，禁用时为1.

参考

Disable / Enable HyperThreading cores on runtime C linux

总结