Nginx+Tomcat负载均衡群集(实战可跟做!)
Nginx+Tomcat负载均衡群集
nginx处理静态
tomcat处理动态
合并为动静分离(前后端分离)
Tomcat重要目录
bin:存放启动和关闭Tomcat脚本
conf:存放Tomcat不同的配置文件
doc:存放Tomcat文档
lib/japser/common:存放Tomcat运行需要的库文件
logs:存放Tomcat执行时的LOG文件
src:存放Tomcat的源代码
webapps:Tomcat的主要Web发布目录
Demo前置知识点:
Nginx静态处理优势
1.Nginx处理静态页面的效率远高于Tomcat的处理能力
2.如果Tomcat的请求量为1000次,则Nginx的请求量为6000次
3.Tomcat每秒的吞吐量为0 6M,Nginx的每秒吞吐量为3.6M
4.Nginx处理静态资源的能力是Tomcat处理的6倍,优势可见一斑
动静分离原理:服务端接收来自客户端的请求中,既有静态资源也有动态资源
环境准备:
nginx:192.168.18.147---->CentOS 7-2
Tomcat 1:192.168.18.128---->CentOS 7-3
Tomcat 2:129.168.18.148---->CentOS 7-4
Client:192.168.18.129---->Win 7-1
Tomcat 1服务器CentOS 7-3的操作:
[ ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname tomcat1
[ ~]# su
[ ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[ ~]# setenforce 0
[ ~]# mkdir /aaa
[ ~]# mount.cifs //192.168.10.189/rpm /aaa
Password for //192.168.10.189/rpm:
[ ~]# cd /aaa/tomcat/
[ tomcat]# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.54.tar.gz jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz
apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
jdk-7u65-linux-x64.gz nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz
[ tomcat]# tar zxvf jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
#设置环境变量:
[ tomcat]# vim /etc/profile
#按大写字母G到末行,按小写字母o在下行插入以下内容:
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_91
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH
#修改完成后,按Esc退出插入模式,输入:wq保存退出
[ tomcat]# source /etc/profile
[ tomcat]# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.54.tar.gz jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz
apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
jdk-7u65-linux-x64.gz nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz
[ tomcat]# tar zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[ tomcat]# cd /usr/local/
[ local]# ls
apache-tomcat-8.5.16 etc include lib libexec share
bin games jdk1.8.0_91 lib64 sbin src
[ local]# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.16/ tomcat
[ local]# ls
bin games jdk1.8.0_91 lib64 sbin src
etc include lib libexec share tomcat
[ local]# ln -s /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh /usr/local/bin/
[ local]# ln -s /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown..sh /usr/local/bin/
[ local]# mkdir -pv /web/webapp1
mkdir: 已创建目录 "/web"
mkdir: 已创建目录 "/web/webapp1"
[ local]# cd /web/webapp1/
[ webapp1]# vim index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.until.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP test1 page</title>
</head>
<body>
<% out.println("Welcome ACCP Web");%>
</body>
</html>
#添加完成后输入:wq保存退出
[ webapp1]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
#输入/Host查找到以下内容
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
#在此行下插入,添加站点目录
<Context docBase="/web/webapp1" path="" reloadable="false">
</Context>
#添加完成后输入:wq保存退出
[ webapp1]# startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_91/jre
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.ja
Tomcat started.到宿主机中的浏览器输入:192.168.18.128:8080 可以看到:Welcome KGC Web

Tomcat 2服务器CentOS 7-4的操作:
[ ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname tomcat2
[ ~]# su
[ ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[ ~]# setenforce 0
[ ~]# mkdir /aaa
[ ~]# mount.cifs //192.168.10.189/rpm /aaa
Password for //192.168.10.189/rpm:
[ ~]# cd /aaa/tomcat/
[ tomcat]# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.54.tar.gz jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz
apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
jdk-7u65-linux-x64.gz nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz
[ tomcat]# tar zxvf jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
#设置环境变量:
[ tomcat]# vim /etc/profile
#按大写字母G到末行,按小写字母o在下行插入以下内容:
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_91
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH
#修改完成后,按Esc退出插入模式,输入:wq保存退出
[ tomcat]# source /etc/profile
[ tomcat]# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.54.tar.gz jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz
apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
jdk-7u65-linux-x64.gz nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz
[ tomcat]# tar zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[ tomcat]# cd /usr/local/
[ local]# ls
apache-tomcat-8.5.16 etc include lib libexec share
bin games jdk1.8.0_91 lib64 sbin src
[ local]# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.16/ tomcat
[ local]# ls
bin games jdk1.8.0_91 lib64 sbin src
etc include lib libexec share tomcat
[ local]# ln -s /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh /usr/local/bin/
[ local]# ln -s /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown..sh /usr/local/bin/
[ local]# mkdir -pv /web/webapp1
mkdir: 已创建目录 "/web"
mkdir: 已创建目录 "/web/webapp1"
[ local]# cd /web/webapp1/
[ webapp1]# vim index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.until.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP test1 page</title>
</head>
<body>
<% out.println("Welcome KGC Web");%>
</body>
</html>
#添加完成后输入:wq保存退出
[ webapp1]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
#输入/Host查找到以下内容
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
#在此行下插入,添加站点目录
<Context docBase="/web/webapp1" path="" reloadable="false">
</Context>
#添加完成后输入:wq保存退出
[ webapp1]# startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_91/jre
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.ja
Tomcat started.到宿主机中的浏览器输入:192.168.18.148:8080 可以看到:Welcome ACCP Web

Nginx服务器CentOS 7-2的操作:
[ ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname nginx
[ ~]# su
[ ~]# yum install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make -y
[ ~]# mkdir /aaa
[ ~]# mount.cifs //192.168.10.189/rpm /aaa
Password for //192.168.10.189/rpm:
[ ~]# cd /aaa/tomcat/
[ tomcat]# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.54.tar.gz jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz
apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
jdk-7u65-linux-x64.gz nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz
[ tomcat]# tar zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[ tomcat]# cd /usr/local/nginx-1.12.0/
[ nginx-1.12.0]# ls
auto CHANGES.ru configure html man src
CHANGES conf contrib LICENSE README
[ nginx-1.12.0]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
[ nginx-1.12.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_flv_module
[ nginx-1.12.0]# make && make install
[ nginx-1.12.0]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
#gzip on; #在下行插入以下内容
upstream tomcat_server {
server 192.168.18.128:8080 weight=1;
server 192.168.18.148:8080 weight=1;
}
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm; #在下行插入
proxy_pass http://tomcat_server;
}
#修改完成后按Esc退出插入模式,输入:wq保存退出
[ nginx-1.12.0]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/
[ nginx-1.12.0]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[ nginx-1.12.0]# nginx
[ nginx-1.12.0]# netstat -ntap | grep 80
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 8917/nginx: master验证:
1.在宿主机中的浏览器输入:192.168.18.147 可以看到:Welcome KGC Web

####2.再次刷新可以可到:Welcome ACCP Web
