Postfix 邮件队列管理的几个 Perl 小程序
最近管理邮件系统时发现几个问题，一个是有些用户设置了转发，但是转发地址有问题，经常因为退信而塞爆邮箱（有邮箱限额），之后的邮件都会被塞到等待队列里。还有就是有许多寄到本地虚拟域的信没有对应的用户，按说 Postfix应该不会投递这类邮件，但是实际情况是它交给 maildrop 投递，而 maildrop发现没有该用户，报告指定用户非法，这时正确的动作应该是退信，不过可能是我用的版本太低，maildrop没有退信，而是把它放到等待队列里等待下次再试。这样等待队列里经常会有大量的这种邮件。所以，要想办法把这些邮件都清除掉。
在《Postfix 权威指南》里有一个叫 pfdel 的 Perl小程序，可以用它删除指定邮件地址的邮件（不管是发信人还是收信人的邮件地址），这个虽然方便，但是如果想要清除因为 maildir overquota 或者 Invalid user specified 错误而产生的邮件，还需要修改一下。下面是这四个程序：
- pfdel.pl
- luserdel.pl
- moqdel.pl
- jmoqdel.pl
其中，pfdel.pl 是用来删除队列中指定用户的邮件的，luserdel.pl 是用来删除队列中无效用户的邮件的，moqdel.pl 是用来删除队列中邮箱配额已满的用户的邮件的，jmoqdel.pl 是删除邮箱配额已满的用户的垃圾邮件箱的。
我现在把 luserdel.pl 放到 crontab 里，每天晚上清理一次，终于可以高枕无忧了。
#
#pfdel-deletesmessagecontainingspecifiedaddressfrom
#Postfixqueue.Matcheseithersenderorrecipientaddress.
#
#Usage:pfdel<email_address>
#
usestrict;
#Changethesepathsifnecessary.
my$LISTQ="/usr/sbin/postqueue-p";
my$POSTSUPER="/usr/sbin/postsuper";
my$email_addr="";
my$qid="";
my$euid=$>;
if(@ARGV!=1){
die"Usage:pfdel<email_address>\n";
}else{
$email_addr=$ARGV[0];
}
if($euid!=0){
die"Youmustberoottodeletequeuefiles.\n";
}
open(QUEUE,"$LISTQ|")||
die"Can'tgetpipeto$LISTQ:$!\n";
my$entry=<QUEUE>;#skipsingleheaderline
$/="";#Restofqueueentriesprinton
#multiplelines.
while($entry=<QUEUE>){
if($entry=~/$email_addr$/m){
($qid)=split(/\s+/,$entry,2);
$qid=~s/[\*\!]//;
nextunless($qid);
#
#Executepostsuper-dwiththequeueid.
#postsuperprovidesfeedbackwhenitdeletes
#messages.Letitsoutputgothrough.
#
if(system($POSTSUPER,"-d",$qid)!=0){
#Ifpostsuperhasaproblem,bail.
die"Errorexecuting$POSTSUPER:error".
"code".($?/256)."\n";
}
}
}
close(QUEUE);
if(!$qid){
die"Nomessageswiththeaddress<$email_addr>".
"foundinqueue.\n";
}
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
#
#luserdel-deletesmessagecontaininginvaliduserfrom
#Postfixqueue.
#
#Usage:luserdel
#
usestrict;
#Changethesepathsifnecessary.
my$LISTQ="/usr/sbin/postqueue-p";
my$POSTSUPER="/usr/sbin/postsuper";
my$qid="";
my$euid=$>;
if($euid!=0){
die"Youmustberoottodeletequeuefiles.\n";
}
open(QUEUE,"$LISTQ|")||
die"Can'tgetpipeto$LISTQ:$!\n";
my$entry=<QUEUE>;#skipsingleheaderline
$/="";#Restofqueueentriesprinton
#multiplelines.
while($entry=<QUEUE>){
if($entry=~/Invaliduserspecified/m){
($qid)=split(/\s+/,$entry,2);
$qid=~s/[\*\!]//;
nextunless($qid);
#
#Executepostsuper-dwiththequeueid.
#postsuperprovidesfeedbackwhenitdeletes
#messages.Letitsoutputgothrough.
#
if(system($POSTSUPER,"-d",$qid)!=0){
#Ifpostsuperhasaproblem,bail.
die"Errorexecuting$POSTSUPER:error".
"code".($?/256)."\n";
}
}
}
close(QUEUE);
if(!$qid){
die"Noinvalidusermessagesfoundinqueue.\n";
}
exit 0;#
#moqdel-deletesmessagecontainingmaildiroverquotafrom
#Postfixqueue.
#
#Usage:moqdel
#
usestrict;
#Changethesepathsifnecessary.
my$LISTQ="/usr/sbin/postqueue-p";
my$POSTSUPER="/usr/sbin/postsuper";
my$qid="";
my$euid=$>;
if($euid!=0){
die"Youmustberoottodeletequeuefiles.\n";
}
open(QUEUE,"$LISTQ|")||
die"Can'tgetpipeto$LISTQ:$!\n";
my$entry=<QUEUE>;#skipsingleheaderline
$/="";#Restofqueueentriesprinton
#multiplelines.
while($entry=<QUEUE>){
if($entry=~/maildiroverquota/m){
($qid)=split(/\s+/,$entry,2);
$qid=~s/[\*\!]//;
nextunless($qid);
#
#Executepostsuper-dwiththequeueid.
#postsuperprovidesfeedbackwhenitdeletes
#messages.Letitsoutputgothrough.
#
if(system($POSTSUPER,"-d",$qid)!=0){
#Ifpostsuperhasaproblem,bail.
die"Errorexecuting$POSTSUPER:error".
"code".($?/256)."\n";
}
}
}
close(QUEUE);
if(!$qid){
die"Nomaildiroverquotamessagesfoundinqueue.\n";
}
exit0;
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
#
#jmoqdel-deletesJunkdirectorieswhosemaildiroverquotafrom
#Postfixqueue.
#
#Usage:jmoqdel
#
usestrict;
my$HOME_BASE="/var/vmail";
#Changethesepathsifnecessary.
my$LISTQ="/usr/sbin/postqueue-p";
my$POSTSUPER="/usr/sbin/postsuper";
my$user="";
my$domain="";
my$email="";
my$euid=$>;
if($euid!=0){
die"Youmustberoottodeletequeuefiles.\n";
}
open(QUEUE,"$LISTQ|")||
die"Can'tgetpipeto$LISTQ:$!\n";
my$entry=<QUEUE>;#skipsingleheaderline
$/="";#Restofqueueentriesprinton
#multiplelines.
while($entry=<QUEUE>){
if($entry=~/maildiroverquota/m){
($user,$domain,$email)=split(/\n/,$entry,3);
($user,$domain)=($email=~m!\s*(.+)@(.+)\s*!);
`rm$HOME_BASE/$domain/$user/Maildir/.Junk-rf&>/dev/null`;
nextunless($email);
}
}
close(QUEUE);
if(!$email){
die"Nomaildiroverquotamessagesfoundinqueue.\n";
}