python儿童学游戏编程知识点总结

python爬虫基本告一段落，琢磨搞点其他的，正好在网上看到一个帖子，一个外国13岁小朋友用python写的下棋程序，内容详细，也有意思，拿来练手。

13岁啊。。 我这年纪还在敲 dir啥的吧

想到原先玩跑跑卡丁车时看到欧酷有个4岁熊孩子玩的完美漂移录像，深受打击，从此退出车坛。。。

废话不多说，记录一下这几天的游戏编程折腾史

游戏规则：6*6的方格棋盘，两个人轮流点击棋盘画横线或竖线，谁成功围成一个格子，这个格子算作此人的积分。

游戏架构：客户端和服务端。

先来看下游戏准备工作，需要用到pygame这个python包。

下载小朋友准备的Resource文件，游戏用到的图片、声音啥的。

一下为BoxGame（客户端）和Server代码，已添加注释。

boxes.py

1 import pygame

import math
from PodSixNet.Connection import ConnectionListener,connection
from time import sleep

# 客户端游戏类
class BoxesGame(ConnectionListener):
  def initSound(self):
    pygame.mixer.music.load("music.wav")
    self.winSound=pygame.mixer.Sound('win.wav')
    self.loseSound=pygame.mixer.Sound('lose.wav')
    self.placeSound=pygame.mixer.Sound('place.wav')
    pygame.mixer.music.play()
  # 收到来自Server的 action:close指令后调用下面方法
  def Network_close(self,data):
    exit()
  def Network_yourturn(self,data):
    self.turn=data['torf']
  def Network_startgame(self,data):
    self.running=True
    self.num=data["player"]
    self.gameid=data["gameid"]
  def Network_place(self,data):
    self.placeSound.play()
    x=data["x"]
    y=data["y"]
    hv=data["is_horizontal"]
    if hv:
      self.boardh[y][x]=True
    else:
      self.boardv[y][x]=True
  # 设定某个格子为自己的
  def Network_win(self,data):
    self.owner[data["x"]][data["y"]]="win"
    self.boardh[data["y"]][data["x"]]=True
    self.boardv[data["y"]][data["x"]]=True
    self.boardh[data["y"]+1][data["x"]]=True
    self.boardv[data["y"]][data["x"]+1]=True
    self.winSound.play()
    self.me+=1
  def Network_lose(self,data):
    self.owner[data["x"]][data["y"]]="lose"
    self.boardh[data["y"]][data["x"]]=True
    self.boardv[data["y"]][data["x"]]=True
    self.boardh[data["y"]+1][data["x"]]=True
    self.boardv[data["y"]][data["x"]+1]=True
    self.loseSound.play()
    self.otherplayer+=1

  def __init__(self):
    self.justplaced=10
    pygame.init()
    pygame.font.init()
    width, height = 389, 489
    self.me = 0
    self.otherplayer = 0
    self.didwin = False
    self.gameid=None
    self.num=None
    self.num=0
    self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height))
    self.owner=[[0 for x in range(6)] for y in range(6)]
    self.clock = pygame.time.Clock()
    self.turn = True
    self.running=False
    self.boardh = [[False for x in range(6)] for y in range(7)]
    self.boardv = [[False for x in range(7)] for y in range(6)]
    print(self.boardh)
    print(self.boardv)
    self.initGraphics()
    self.initSound()
    self.drawHUD()
    pygame.display.set_caption("Boxes")

    # address=raw_input("Host:Port(localhost:8080):")
    # try:
    #   if not address:
    #     host,port="localhost",3721
    #   else:
    #     host,port=address.split(":")
    #   self.Connect((host,port))
    # except:
    #   print("Error Connecting to Server")
    #   print("Usage: host:port")
    #   print("eg 127.0.0.1;3721")
    #   exit()
    self.Connect()
    print("Boxes client started")
    while not self.running:
      self.Pump()
      connection.Pump()
      self.running=True
      sleep(0.01)
      print("not running ,connecting...")
    if self.num==0:
      # self.turn=True
      self.marker=self.greenplayer
      self.othermarker=self.blueplayer
    else:
      self.turn=False
      self.marker=self.blueplayer
      self.othermarker=self.greenplayer


  def initGraphics(self):
    self.normallinev = pygame.image.load("normalline.png")
    self.normallineh = pygame.transform.rotate(self.normallinev, -90)
    self.bar_donev = pygame.image.load("bar_done.png")
    self.bar_doneh = pygame.transform.rotate(self.bar_donev, -90)
    self.hoverlinev = pygame.image.load("hoverline.png")
    self.hoverlineh = pygame.transform.rotate(self.hoverlinev, -90)
    # self.boardh[5][4]=True
    # self.boardv[5][5]=True
    self.separators = pygame.image.load("separators.png")
    self.score_panel = pygame.image.load("score_panel.png")
    self.redindicator = pygame.image.load("redindicator.png")
    self.greenindicator = pygame.image.load("greenindicator.png")
    self.greenplayer = pygame.image.load("greenplayer.png")
    self.blueplayer = pygame.image.load("blueplayer.png")
    self.winningscreen = pygame.image.load("youwin.png")
    self.gameover = pygame.image.load("gameover.png")

  def drawBoard(self):
    for x in range(6):
      for y in range(7):
        if not self.boardh[y][x]:
          self.screen.blit(self.normallineh, [(x) * 64 + 5, (y) * 64])
        else:
          self.screen.blit(self.bar_doneh, [(x) * 64 + 5, (y) * 64])
    for x in range(7):
      for y in range(6):
        if not self.boardv[y][x]:
          self.screen.blit(self.normallinev, [(x) * 64, (y) * 64 + 5])
        else:
          self.screen.blit(self.bar_donev, [(x) * 64, (y) * 64 + 5])

  def update(self):
    # 判断方格是否已经都有归属
    if self.me+self.otherplayer==36:
      self.didwin=True if self.me>self.otherplayer else False
      return 1
    self.justplaced-=1
    # print('pump connect info')
    connection.Pump()
    self.Pump()
    # print('pump connect info finish')
    self.clock.tick(60)
    self.screen.fill(0)
    self.drawBoard()
    self.drawHUD()
    self.drawOwnermap()
    for event in pygame.event.get():
      if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
        exit()

    mouse = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
    xpos = int(math.ceil((mouse[0] - 32) / 64.0))
    ypos = int(math.ceil((mouse[1] - 32) / 64.0))
    # 判断鼠标位置更接近与那条线
    is_horizontal = abs(mouse[1] - ypos * 64) < abs(mouse[0] - xpos * 64)
    ypos = ypos - 1 if mouse[1] - ypos * 64 < 0 and not is_horizontal else ypos
    xpos = xpos - 1 if mouse[0] - ypos * 64 < 0 and is_horizontal else xpos

    board = self.boardh if is_horizontal else self.boardv
    isoutofbounds = False

    try:
      if not board[ypos][xpos]: self.screen.blit(self.hoverlineh if is_horizontal else self.hoverlinev,
                            [xpos * 64 + 5 if is_horizontal else xpos * 64,
                            ypos * 64 if is_horizontal else ypos * 64 + 5])
    except:
      isoutofbounds = True
      pass
    if not isoutofbounds:
      alreadyplaced = board[ypos][xpos]
    else:
      alreadyplaced = False
    # 鼠标点击时，发送place信号给自己划线
    if pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0] and not alreadyplaced and not isoutofbounds and self.turn==True and self.justplaced<=10:
      self.justplaced=10
      if is_horizontal:
        self.boardh[ypos][xpos] = True
        self.Send({"action":"place","x":xpos,"y":ypos,"is_horizontal":is_horizontal,"gameid":self.gameid,"num":self.num})
      else:
        self.boardv[ypos][xpos] = True
        self.Send({"action":"place","x":xpos,"y":ypos,"is_horizontal":is_horizontal,"gameid":self.gameid,"num":self.num})
    pygame.display.flip()
  # 画记分区域
  def drawHUD(self):
    self.screen.blit(self.score_panel, [0, 389])
    myfont = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 32)
    label = myfont.render("Your turn", 1, (255, 255, 255))
    self.screen.blit(label, (10, 400))
    self.screen.blit(self.greenindicator if self.turn else self.redindicator ,(130, 395))
    myfont64 = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 64)
    myfont20 = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 20)

    scoreme = myfont64.render(str(self.me), 1, (255, 255, 255))
    scoreother = myfont64.render(str(self.otherplayer), 1, (255, 255, 255))
    scoretextme = myfont20.render("You", 1, (255, 255, 255))
    scoretextother = myfont20.render("Other Player", 1, (255, 255, 255))

    self.screen.blit(scoretextme, (10, 425))
    self.screen.blit(scoreme, (10, 435))
    self.screen.blit(scoretextother, (280, 425))
    self.screen.blit(scoreother, (280, 435))
  # 给占领与被占领格子着色
  def drawOwnermap(self):     
    for x in range(6):
      for y in range(6):
        if self.owner[x][y]!=0:
          if self.owner[x][y]=="win":
            self.screen.blit(self.marker,(x*64+5,y*64+5))
          if self.owner[x][y]=="lose":
            self.screen.blit(self.othermarker,(x*64+5,y*64+5))
  # 游戏结束后显示gameover或winning的图案
  def finished(self):
    self.screen.blit(self.gameover if not self.didwin else self.winningscreen,(0,0))
    while 1:
      for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type==pygame.QUIT:
          exit()
      pygame.display.flip()


bg = BoxesGame()
while 1:
  if bg.update()==1:
    break
bg.finished()

server.py

1 __author__ = 'Administrator'

import PodSixNet.Channel
import PodSixNet.Server
from time import sleep

# 定义客户端通道，继承PodSixNet.Channel.Channel
class ClientChannel(PodSixNet.Channel.Channel):
  def Network(self,data):
    print data
  def Network_place(self,data):
    hv=data["is_horizontal"]
    x=data["x"]
    y=data["y"]
    # 客户标号
    num=data["num"]
    # 本游戏id
    self.gameid=data["gameid"]
    self._server.placeLine(hv,x,y,data,self.gameid,num)
  def Close(self):
    self._server.close(self.gameid)

# 定义游戏服务端
class BoxesServer (PodSixNet.Server.Server):
  channelClass = ClientChannel
  def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):
    PodSixNet.Server.Server.__init__(self,*args,**kwargs)
    self.games=[]
    self.queue=None
    self.currentIndex=0
  def Connected(self,channel,addr):
    print 'new connection:',channel
    # 如果队列为空，则新建一局game
    if self.queue==None:
      self.currentIndex+=1
      channel.gameid=self.currentIndex
      self.queue=Game(channel,self.currentIndex)
    #如果队列中已有一局game在等待，则将新连进来的channel作为第二名游戏者与等待游戏者配对，加入games[]列表，将queue清空
    else:
      channel.gameid=self.currentIndex
      self.queue.player1=channel
      self.queue.player0.Send({"action":"startgame","player":0,"gameid":self.queue.gameid})
      self.queue.player1.Send({"action":"startgame","player":1,"gameid":self.queue.gameid})
      self.games.append(self.queue)
      self.queue=None
  # def placeLine(self,is_h,x,y,data,gameid,num):
  #   if num==self.turn:
  #     self.turn=0 if self.turn else 1
  #     self.player1.Send({"action":"yourturn","torf":True if self.turn==1 else False})
  #     self.player0.Send({"action":"yourturn","torf":True if self.turn==0 else False})
  #     if is_h:
  #       self.boardh[y][x]=True
  #     else:
  #       self.boardv[y][x]=True
  #     self.player0.Send(data)
  #     self.player1.Send(data)

  #通知GameServer哪句游戏要划线，调用游戏placeLine
  def placeLine(self,is_h,x,y,data,gameid,num):
    game=[a for a in self.games if gameid==a.gameid]
    if len(game)==1:
      game[0].placeLine(is_h,x,y,data,num)
  # 关闭某局game
  def close(self,gameid):
    try:
      game=[a for a in self.games if a.gameid==gameid][0]
      game.player0.Send({"action":"close"})
      game.player1.Send({"action":"close"})
    except:
      pass
  # 判断方格归属
  def tick(self):
    index=0
    # 状态未改变 code 3
    change=3
    # 扫描每局游戏
    for game in self.games:
      change=3
      # 扫描2次，因为存在放置一个线条完成两个方格占领的情况
      for time in range(2):
        for y in range(6):
          for x in range(6):
            # 判断是否是新围成的方格
            if game.boardh[y][x] and game.boardv[y][x] and game.boardh[y+1][x] and game.boardv[y][x+1] and not game.owner[x][y]:
              # 是否为己方围成的，围成的一方可以继续走一步
              # 此处self.games[index]能否替换为game？
              if self.games[index].turn==0:
                self.games[index].owner[x][y]=2
                game.player1.Send({"action":"win","x":x,"y":y})
                game.player0.Send({"action":"lose","x":x,"y":y})
                change=1
                print("player1 win 1 grid")
              else:
                self.games[index].owner[x][y]=1
                game.player0.Send({"action":"win","x":x,"y":y})
                game.player1.Send({"action":"lose","x":x,"y":y})
                change=0
                print("player0 win 1 grid")
      # 如果状态改变了（即有一方完成了方格占领）则下一步仍由该方走棋；否则正常交替走棋
      self.games[index].turn=change if change!=3 else self.games[index].turn
      game.player1.Send({"action":"yourturn","torf":True if self.games[index].turn==1 else False})
      game.player0.Send({"action":"yourturn","torf":True if self.games[index].turn==0 else False})
      index+=1
    self.Pump()

# 单纯一局游戏的控制类
class Game:
  def __init__(self,player0,currentIndex):
    self.turn=0
    self.owner=[[False for x in range(6)] for y in range(6)]
    self.boardh=[[False for x in range(6)] for y in range(7)]
    self.boardv=[[False for x in range(7)] for y in range(6)]
    self.player0=player0
    self.player1=None
    self.gameid=currentIndex


    # while not self.running:
    #   self.Pump()
    #   connection.Pump()
    #   sleep(0.01)
    # if self.num==0:
    #   self.turn=True
    #   self.marker=self.greenplayer
    #   self.othermarker=self.blueplayer
    # else:
    #   self.turn=False
    #   self.marker=self.blueplayer
    #   self.othermarker=self.greenplayer
  # 划线
  def placeLine(self,is_h,x,y,data,num):
    if num==self.turn:
      self.turn=0 if self.turn else 1
      self.player1.Send({"action":"yourturn","torf":True if self.turn==1 else False})
      self.player0.Send({"action":"yourturn","torf":True if self.turn==0 else False})
      if is_h:
        self.boardh[y][x]=True
      else:
        self.boardv[y][x]=True
      self.player0.Send(data)
      self.player1.Send(data)
  # def Network_palce(self,data):
  #   x=data["x"]
  #   y=data["y"]
  #   hv=data["is_horizontal"]
  #   if hv:
  #     self.boardh[y][x]=True
  #   else:
  #     self.boardv[y][x]=True


print "Staring server on localhost"
address=raw_input("Host:Port(localhost:8080):")
if not address:
  host,port="localhost",31425
  print("default host and port")
  print(host,":",port)
else:
  host,port=address.split(":")
  print(host,":",port)

boxesServer=BoxesServer( localaddr=("127.0.0.1", 31425))
# boxesServer=BoxesServer()
while True:
  boxesServer.Pump()
  boxesServer.tick()
  sleep(0.01) 就是这样，休息，休息一下。