Oracle监听不定期出现异常故障处理
环境：
操作系统为：SunOS 5.10
数据库版本：Oracle RAC 11.2.0.3.0
该主机上有2个库，一套RAC的节点1在上面，还有另外一个库，之所以使用的是DB下的监听而没用GRID下的监听，是为了避免停掉CRS时影响另外一个库的使用。
故障现象：
数据库监听不定期出现异常 ,从应用tnsping数据库，时间花费很长甚至连不上
故障分析处理过程：
从应用主机tnsping如下：
racdb1_scenemon$tnsping racdb_new
TNS Ping Utility for Solaris: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 19-2月 -2014 15:46:23
Copyright (c) 1997, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
已使用的参数文件:
已使用 TNSNAMES 适配器来解析别名
尝试连接 (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 11.111.11.1)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 11.111.11.2)(PORT = 1521)) (LOAD_BALANCE = yes) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = racdb) (FAILOVER_MODE = (TYPE = SELECT) (METHOD = BASIC) (RETRIES = 180) (DELAY = 5))))
OK (60000 毫秒)
从数据库服务器上查看监听状态：
$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Solaris: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 19-FEB-2014 15:45:58
Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
TNS-12535: TNS:operation timed out
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00505: Operation timed out
将监听进程予以kill并重启监听：
$ ps -ef |grep tns
oracle 18504 18468 0 15:45:15 pts/10 0:00 grep tns
oracle 24037 1 0 Nov 28 ? 6:08 /oracle/app/asm/11.2.0/grid/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit
oracle 9488 1 3 Jan 24 ? 4447:11 /oracle/app/db/product/11.2.0/db/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit
$
$ kill -9 9488
$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Solaris: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 19-FEB-2014 15:48:22
Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /oracle/app/db/product/11.2.0/db/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Solaris: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Log messages written to /oracle/app/db/product/11.2.0/db/log/diag/tnslsnr/racdb/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=racdb)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Solaris: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date 19-FEB-2014 15:48:22
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Log File /oracle/app/db/product/11.2.0/db/log/diag/tnslsnr/racdb/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=racdb)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
检查listener.log如下：
17-FEB-2014 16:02:26 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=racdb)(FAILOVER_MODE=(TYPE=SELECT)(METHOD=BASIC)(RETRIES=180)(DELAY=5))(CID=(PROGRAM=sqlplus@racdb1)(HOST=racdb1)(USER=tmn))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=11.111.11.89)(PORT=41603)) * establish * racdb * 0
17-FEB-2014 16:02:26 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=racdb)(FAILOVER_MODE=(TYPE=SELECT)(METHOD=BASIC)(RETRIES=180)(DELAY=5))(CID=(PROGRAM=sqlplus@racdb1)(HOST=racdb1)(USER=tmn))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=11.111.11.89)(PORT=41659)) * establish * racdb * 12518
TNS-12518: TNS:listener could not hand off client connection
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00530: Protocol adapter error
Solaris Error: 24: Too many open files <<<<<<<<<
17-FEB-2014 16:02:26 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=racdb)(FAILOVER_MODE=(TYPE=SELECT)(METHOD=BASIC)(RETRIES=180)(DELAY=5))(CID=(PROGRAM=sqlplus@racdb1)(HOST=racdb1)(USER=tmn))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=11.111.11.89)(PORT=41652)) * establish * racdb * 0
17-FEB-2014 16:02:26 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=racdb)(FAILOVER_MODE=(TYPE=SELECT)(METHOD=BASIC)(RETRIES=180)(DELAY=5))(CID=(PROGRAM=sqlplus@racdb1)(HOST=racdb1)(USER=tmn))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=11.111.11.89)(PORT=41669)) * establish * racdb * 0
17-FEB-2014 16:02:26 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=racdb)(FAILOVER_MODE=(TYPE=SELECT)(METHOD=BASIC)(RETRIES=180)(DELAY=5))(CID=(PROGRAM=sqlplus@racdb1)(HOST=racdb1)(USER=tmn))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=11.111.11.89)(PORT=41682)) * establish * racdb * 12518
TNS-12518: TNS:listener could not hand off client connection
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00530: Protocol adapter error
Solaris Error: 24: Too many open files <<<<<<<<<<
Too many open files意味着Maximum Number Of Open Files Per Process 达到了上限。因此listener hang住的原因可能是该limit设置过小，进一步查看硬件限制如下：
$ ulimit -Ha
time(seconds) unlimited
file(blocks) unlimited
data(kbytes) unlimited
stack(kbytes) unlimited
coredump(blocks) unlimited
nofiles(descriptors) 65536
memory(kbytes) unlimited
查看软件限制如下：
$ ulimit -Sa
time(seconds) unlimited
file(blocks) unlimited
data(kbytes) unlimited
stack(kbytes) 8192
coredump(blocks) unlimited
nofiles(descriptors) 256
memory(kbytes) unlimited
查看/etc/system如下：
*ident "@(#)system 1.18 97/06/27 SMI" /* SVR4 1.5 */
*
* SYSTEM SPECIFICATION FILE
*
* moddir:
*
* Set the search path for modules. This has a format similar to the
* csh path variable. If the module isn't found in the first directory
* it tries the second and so on. The default is /kernel /usr/kernel
*
* Example:
* moddir: /kernel /usr/kernel /other/modules
* root device and root filesystem configuration:
*
* The following may be used to override the defaults provided by
* the boot program:
*
* rootfs: Set the filesystem type of the root.
*
* rootdev: Set the root device. This should be a fully
* expanded physical pathname. The default is the
* physical pathname of the device where the boot
* program resides. The physical pathname is
* highly platform and configuration dependent.
*
* Example:
* rootfs:ufs
* rootdev:/sbus@1,f8000000/esp@0,800000/sd@3,0:a
*
* (Swap device configuration should be specified in /etc/vfstab.)
* exclude:
*
* Modules appearing in the moddir path which are NOT to be loaded,
* even if referenced. Note that `exclude' accepts either a module name,
* or a filename which includes the directory.
*
* Examples:
* exclude: win
* exclude: sys/shmsys
* forceload:
*
* Cause these modules to be loaded at boot time, (just before mounting
* the root filesystem) rather than at first reference. Note that
* forceload expects a filename which includes the directory. Also
* note that loading a module does not necessarily imply that it will
* be installed.
*
* Example:
* forceload: drv/foo
* set:
*
* Set an integer variable in the kernel or a module to a new value.
* This facility should be used with caution. See system(4).
*
* Examples:
*
* To set variables in 'unix':
*
* set nautopush=32
* set maxusers=40
*
* To set a variable named 'debug' in the module named 'test_module'
*
* set test_module:debug = 0x13
* Begin FJSVssf (do not edit)
set ftrace_atboot = 1
set kmem_flags = 0x100
set kmem_lite_maxalign = 8192
* End FJSVssf (do not edit)
forceload: drv/fjpfca
* Begin MDD root info (do not edit)
rootdev:/pseudo/md@0:0,0,blk
* End MDD root info (do not edit)
*** Begin EMCpower added lines *** DO NOT EDIT BELOW THIS LINE ***
forceload: drv/emcpsf
forceload: drv/sd
forceload: drv/ssd
forceload: drv/emcp
forceload: misc/emcpgpx
forceload: misc/emcpmpx
forceload: misc/emcpvlumd
forceload: misc/emcpxcrypt
forceload: misc/emcpdm
forceload: misc/emcpioc
set emcp:bPxEnableInit=1
*** End EMCpower added lines *** DO NOT EDIT ABOVE THIS LINE ***
exec_user_stack = 1
set noexec_user_stack_log = 1
查看/etc/project如下：
system:0::::
user.root:1::::
noproject:2::::
default:3::::
group.staff:10::::
user.oracle:100::oracle::
综上所述，从listener.log的输出看，nofiles的soft limit过小，只有256，这会导致Solaris Error: 24: Too many open files 错误。从/etc/system和/etc/project，我们没有看到设置了soft limit。
故障处理小结及后续建议
将oracle用户的soft limit提升为至少1024，然后重新oracle用户登录，检验ulimit合格后，重新启动数据库和监听。
具体解决办法如下：
1、在/etc/system增加以下行
set rlim_fd_max=65536
set rlim_fd_cur=4096
2、重新登录ORACLE并检验oracle用户的限制
su – oracle
ulimit -Ha
ulimit –Sa
3、重新启动数据库和监听