使用 ActiveMQ 示例
原文出处:http://blog.chenlb.com/2010/01/activemq-hello.html
企业中各项目中相互协作的时候可能用得到消息通知机制。比如有东西更新了,可以通知做索引。
在 Java 里有 JMS 的多个实现。其中 apache 下的 ActiveMQ 就是不错的选择。还有一个比较热的是 RabbitMQ (是 erlang 语言实现的)。这里示例下使用 ActiveMQ
用 ActiveMQ 最好还是了解下 JMS
JMS 公共 | 点对点域 | 发布/订阅域 |
ConnectionFactory | QueueConnectionFactory | TopicConnectionFactory |
Connection | QueueConnection | TopicConnection |
Destination | Queue | Topic |
Session | QueueSession | TopicSession |
MessageProducer | QueueSender | TopicPublisher |
MessageConsumer | QueueReceiver | TopicSubscriber |
JMS 定义了两种方式:Quere(点对点);Topic(发布/订阅)。
ConnectionFactory 是连接工厂,负责创建Connection。
Connection 负责创建 Session。
Session 创建 MessageProducer(用来发消息) 和 MessageConsumer(用来接收消息)。
Destination 是消息的目的地。
详细的可以网上找些 JMS 规范(有中文版)。
下载 apache-activemq-5.3.0。http://activemq.apache.org/download.html,解压,然后双击 bin/activemq.bat。运行后,可以在 http://localhost:8161/admin 观察。也有 demo, http://localhost:8161/demo。把 activemq-all-5.3.0.jar 加入 classpath。
Jms 发送 代码:
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(); Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection(); connection.start(); Session session = connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); Destination destination = session.createQueue("my-queue" ); MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(destination); for ( int i= 0 ; i< 3 ; i++) { MapMessage message = session.createMapMessage(); message.setLong("count" , new Date().getTime()); Thread.sleep(1000 ); //通过消息生产者发出消息 producer.send(message); } session.commit(); session.close(); connection.close(); }
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(); Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection(); connection.start(); Session session = connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); Destination destination = session.createQueue("my-queue"); MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(destination); for(int i=0; i<3; i++) { MapMessage message = session.createMapMessage(); message.setLong("count", new Date().getTime()); Thread.sleep(1000); //通过消息生产者发出消息 producer.send(message); } session.commit(); session.close(); connection.close(); }
Jms 接收代码:
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(); Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection(); connection.start(); final Session session = connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); Destination destination = session.createQueue("my-queue" ); MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(destination); /*//listener 方式 consumer.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() { public void onMessage(Message msg) { MapMessage message = (MapMessage) msg; //TODO something.... System.out.println("收到消息:" + new Date(message.getLong("count"))); session.commit(); } }); Thread.sleep(30000); */ int i= 0 ; while (i< 3 ) { i++; MapMessage message = (MapMessage) consumer.receive(); session.commit(); //TODO something.... System.out.println("收到消息:" + new Date(message.getLong( "count" ))); } session.close(); connection.close(); }
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(); Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection(); connection.start(); final Session session = connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); Destination destination = session.createQueue("my-queue"); MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(destination); /*//listener 方式 consumer.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() { public void onMessage(Message msg) { MapMessage message = (MapMessage) msg; //TODO something.... System.out.println("收到消息:" + new Date(message.getLong("count"))); session.commit(); } }); Thread.sleep(30000); */ int i=0; while(i<3) { i++; MapMessage message = (MapMessage) consumer.receive(); session.commit(); //TODO something.... System.out.println("收到消息:" + new Date(message.getLong("count"))); } session.close(); connection.close(); }
启动 JmsReceiver 和 JmsSender 可以在看输出三条时间信息。当然 Jms 还指定有其它格式的数据,如 TextMessage
结合 Spring 的 JmsTemplate 方便用:
xml:
public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext( "classpath:app*.xml" ); JmsTemplate jmsTemplate = (JmsTemplate) ctx.getBean("jmsTemplate" ); jmsTemplate.send(new MessageCreator() { public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException { MapMessage mm = session.createMapMessage(); mm.setLong("count" , new Date().getTime()); return mm; } }); }
public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:app*.xml"); JmsTemplate jmsTemplate = (JmsTemplate) ctx.getBean("jmsTemplate"); jmsTemplate.send(new MessageCreator() { public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException { MapMessage mm = session.createMapMessage(); mm.setLong("count", new Date().getTime()); return mm; } }); }
receiver:
public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext( "classpath:app*.xml" ); JmsTemplate jmsTemplate = (JmsTemplate) ctx.getBean("jmsTemplate" ); while ( true ) { Map<String, Object> mm = (Map<String, Object>) jmsTemplate.receiveAndConvert(); System.out.println("收到消息:" + new Date((Long)mm.get( "count" ))); } }
public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:app*.xml"); JmsTemplate jmsTemplate = (JmsTemplate) ctx.getBean("jmsTemplate"); while(true) { Map<String, Object> mm = (Map<String, Object>) jmsTemplate.receiveAndConvert(); System.out.println("收到消息:" + new Date((Long)mm.get("count"))); } }
注意:直接用 Jms 接口时接收了消息后要提交一下,否则下次启动接收者时还可以收到旧数据。有了 JmsTemplate 就不用自己提交 session.commit() 了。如果使用了 PooledConnectionFactory 要把 apache-activemq-5.3.0\lib\optional\activemq-pool-5.3.0.jar 加到 classpath
参考资料:
JMS 相关资料