springmvc之第一个springmvc程序

Julywhj

2020-01-10

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基础目录如下：

springmvc之第一个springmvc程序

步骤：

1.加入jar包到lib目录下。

springmvc之第一个springmvc程序

2.在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet：web.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for handling all application requests -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- 配置DispatcherServlet的初始参数：配置springmvc配置文件的位置和名称-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

3.加入springmvc配置文件：springmvc.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.gong.springmvc"></context:component-scan>
    <!-- 配置视图解析器：如何把handler返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

4.编写处理请求的处理器，并标识为处理器：HelloWorld.java。

package com.gong.springmvc.handlers;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HelloWorld {
    /**
     * @RequestMapping来映射请求
     * /WEB-INF/views/success.jsp
     */
    @RequestMapping("/helloworld")
    public String hello() {
        System.out.println("hello world");
        return "success";
    }
}

5.编写视图。

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <a href="helloworld">Hello World</a>
</body>
</html>

success.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <p>Success</p>
</body>
</html>

启动tomcat服务器之后，访问index.jsp

springmvc之第一个springmvc程序

点击：

springmvc之第一个springmvc程序

说明：DispatcherServlet会拦截index.jsp的helloworld请求，并在handler中寻找匹配的路径。通过@RequesMapping表标识请求路径。匹配之后返回success。在springmvc.xml中已经配置了将success映射成/WEB-INF/views/success.jsp物理视图。所以最终会显示该页面。

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springmvc之第一个springmvc程序

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