AngularJS的表单使用详解

苏生苏米沿

2019-04-21

AngularJS提供丰富填写表单和验证。我们可以用ng-click来处理AngularJS点击按钮事件，然后使用 $dirty 和 $invalid标志做验证的方式。使用novalidate表单声明禁止任何浏览器特定的验证。表单控件使用了大量的角活动。让我们快速浏览一下有关事件先。
事件

AngularJS提供可与HTML控件相关联的多个事件。例如ng-click通常与按钮相关联。以下是AngularJS支持的事件。

ng-click
ng-dbl-click
ng-mousedown
ng-mouseup
ng-mouseenter
ng-mouseleave
ng-mousemove
ng-mouseover
ng-keydown
ng-keyup
ng-keypress
ng-change

ng-click

使用点击一个按钮的指令，表单重置数据。

<input name="firstname" type="text" ng-model="firstName" required>
<input name="lastname" type="text" ng-model="lastName" required>
<input name="email" type="email" ng-model="email" required>
<button ng-click="reset()">Reset</button>
<script>
  function studentController($scope) { 
   $scope.reset = function(){
     $scope.firstName = "Mahesh";
     $scope.lastName = "Parashar";
     $scope.email = "[email protected]";
 }  
  $scope.reset();
}
</script>

验证数据

可使用下面跟踪误差。

$dirty - 规定值已被改变。
$invalid- 该值的状态是无效的。
$error- 指出确切的错误。

例子

下面的例子将展示上述所有指令。
testAngularJS.html

<html>
<head>
<title>Angular JS Forms</title>
<style>
table, th , td {
 border: 1px solid grey;
 border-collapse: collapse;
 padding: 5px;
}
table tr:nth-child(odd) {
 background-color: #f2f2f2;
}
table tr:nth-child(even) {
 background-color: #ffffff;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>AngularJS Sample Application</h2>
<div ng-app="" ng-controller="studentController">
<form name="studentForm" novalidate>
<table border="0">
<tr><td>Enter first name:</td><td><input name="firstname" type="text" ng-model="firstName" required>
  <span style="color:red" ng-show="studentForm.firstname.$dirty && studentForm.firstname.$invalid">
   <span ng-show="studentForm.firstname.$error.required">First Name is required.</span>
  </span>
</td></tr>
<tr><td>Enter last name: </td><td><input name="lastname" type="text" ng-model="lastName" required>
  <span style="color:red" ng-show="studentForm.lastname.$dirty && studentForm.lastname.$invalid">
   <span ng-show="studentForm.lastname.$error.required">Last Name is required.</span>
  </span>
</td></tr>
<tr><td>Email: </td><td><input name="email" type="email" ng-model="email" length="100" required>
<span style="color:red" ng-show="studentForm.email.$dirty && studentForm.email.$invalid">
   <span ng-show="studentForm.email.$error.required">Email is required.</span>
  <span ng-show="studentForm.email.$error.email">Invalid email address.</span>
  </span>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><button ng-click="reset()">Reset</button></td><td><button 
 ng-disabled="studentForm.firstname.$dirty && studentForm.firstname.$invalid ||
   studentForm.lastname.$dirty && studentForm.lastname.$invalid ||
   studentForm.email.$dirty && studentForm.email.$invalid"
 ng-click="submit()">Submit</button></td></tr>
</table>
</form>
</div>
<script>
function studentController($scope) { 
  $scope.reset = function(){
 $scope.firstName = "Mahesh";
 $scope.lastName = "Parashar";
 $scope.email = "[email protected]";
  }  
  $scope.reset();
}
</script>
<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.2.15/angular.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

输出

在Web浏览器打开textAngularJS.html。看到结果如下。

AngularJS的表单使用详解