laravel5.5+dingo+JWT开发后台API
我的github博客：https://zgxxx.github.io/
dingo api 中文文档： https://www.bookstack.cn/read...
Laravel中使用JWT：https://laravel-china.org/art...
辅助文章： https://www.jianshu.com/p/62b...
参考https://www.jianshu.com/p/62b... 这篇文章基本就能搭建出环境，我使用的版本跟他一样 "dingo/api": "2.0.0-alpha1","tymon/jwt-auth": "^1.0.0-rc.1"，不知道别的版本有啥大的区别，但是网上找的其他一些文章使用的是旧的版本，jwt封装的东西路径可能不一样，可能会保错，有些文档还说要手动添加TymonJWTAuthProvidersLaravelServiceProvider::class和DingoApiProviderLaravelServiceProvider::class，其实新版本不需要。
1. composer.json引入包,执行composer update：
"require": {
......
"dingo/api": "2.0.0-alpha1",
"tymon/jwt-auth": "^1.0.0-rc.1"
},2. 执行下面两个语句自动生成dingo和jwt的配置文件：
php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Dingo\Api\Provider\LaravelServiceProvider" //config文件夹中生成dingo配置文件---> api.php
php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Tymon\JWTAuth\Providers\LaravelServiceProvider" //config文件夹中生成dingo配置文件---> jwt.php
3. 配置 .env
具体配置可参考 文档https://www.bookstack.cn/read... ，我的配置是
API_STANDARDS_TREE=vnd API_PREFIX=api API_VERSION=v1 API_DEBUG=true API_SUBTYPE=myapp
还需在命令行执行 php artisan jwt:secret，会在.env自动添加JWT_SECRET，其他若需要，可以到各种的配置文件中看，在.env添加即可
4. 关键处理
'defaults' => [
'guard' => 'web',
'passwords' => 'users',
],
'guards' => [
'web' => [
'driver' => 'session',
'provider' => 'users',
],
'api' => [
'driver' => 'jwt',
'provider' => 'users',
],
],这里需要把api原本的driver => session 改为使用jwt机制，provider对应你要用的用户认证表，一般就是登录注册那张表
<?php
namespace App\Models;
use Tymon\JWTAuth\Contracts\JWTSubject;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;
class User extends Authenticatable implements JWTSubject {
use Notifiable;
/**
* The attributes that are mass assignable.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $fillable = [
'name', 'email', 'password', 'unionid'
];
/**
* The attributes that should be hidden for arrays.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $hidden = [
'password', 'remember_token',
];
// Rest omitted for brevity
/**
* Get the identifier that will be stored in the subject claim of the JWT.
*
* @return mixed
*/
public function getJWTIdentifier() {
return $this->getKey();
}
/**
* Return a key value array, containing any custom claims to be added to the JWT.
*
* @return array
*/
public function getJWTCustomClaims() {
return [];
}
}5. 设置控制器
考虑到可能后面需要开发不同版本api，所以在app/Http/Controller下建立了V1，V2目录，根据你自己的需求来，只要写好命名空间就ok 
<?php
/**
* Date: 17/10/12
* Time: 01:07
*/
namespace App\Http\Controllers\V1;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
use Validator;
use App\User;
class AuthController extends Controller
{
protected $guard = 'api';//设置使用guard为api选项验证，请查看config/auth.php的guards设置项，重要！
/**
* Create a new AuthController instance.
*
* @return void
*/
public function __construct()
{
$this->middleware('refresh', ['except' => ['login','register']]);
}
public function test(){
echo "test!!";
}
public function register(Request $request)
{
$rules = [
'name' => ['required'],
'email' => ['required'],
'password' => ['required', 'min:6', 'max:16'],
];
$payload = $request->only('name', 'email', 'password');
$validator = Validator::make($payload, $rules);
// 验证格式
if ($validator->fails()) {
return $this->response->array(['error' => $validator->errors()]);
}
// 创建用户
$result = User::create([
'name' => $payload['name'],
'email' => $payload['email'],
'password' => bcrypt($payload['password']),
]);
if ($result) {
return $this->response->array(['success' => '创建用户成功']);
} else {
return $this->response->array(['error' => '创建用户失败']);
}
}
/**
* Get a JWT token via given credentials.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request
*
* @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
*/
public function login(Request $request)
{
$credentials = $request->only('email', 'password');
if ($token = $this->guard()->attempt($credentials)) {
return $this->respondWithToken($token);
}
return $this->response->errorUnauthorized('登录失败');
}
/**
* Get the authenticated User
*
* @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
*/
public function me()
{
//return response()->json($this->guard()->user());
return $this->response->array($this->guard()->user());
}
/**
* Log the user out (Invalidate the token)
*
* @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
*/
public function logout()
{
$this->guard()->logout();
//return response()->json(['message' => 'Successfully logged out']);
return $this->response->array(['message' => '退出成功']);
}
/**
* Refresh a token.
*
* @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
*/
public function refresh()
{
return $this->respondWithToken($this->guard()->refresh());
}
/**
* Get the token array structure.
*
* @param string $token
*
* @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
*/
protected function respondWithToken($token)
{
return response()->json([
'access_token' => $token,
'token_type' => 'bearer',
'expires_in' => $this->guard()->factory()->getTTL() * 60
]);
}
/**
* Get the guard to be used during authentication.
*
* @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Guard
*/
public function guard()
{
return Auth::guard($this->guard);
}
}控制器中命名空间namespace需要设置好，路由的时候需要用到，$this->middleware('refresh', ['except' => ['login','register']]);
这里的中间件使用的是网上找的，用于无痛刷新jwt的token,具体可以参考这篇文章：https://www.jianshu.com/p/9e9...
6. refresh中间件
<?php
namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Closure;
use Tymon\JWTAuth\Exceptions\JWTException;
use Tymon\JWTAuth\Http\Middleware\BaseMiddleware;
use Tymon\JWTAuth\Exceptions\TokenExpiredException;
use Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\UnauthorizedHttpException;
class RefreshToken extends BaseMiddleware
{
/**
* @author: zhaogx
* @param $request
* @param Closure $next
* @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse|\Illuminate\Http\Response|mixed
* @throws JWTException
*/
public function handle($request, Closure $next)
{
// 检查此次请求中是否带有 token，如果没有则抛出异常。
$this->checkForToken($request);
// 使用 try 包裹，以捕捉 token 过期所抛出的 TokenExpiredException 异常
try {
// 检测用户的登录状态，如果正常则通过
if ($this->auth->parseToken()->authenticate()) {
return $next($request);
}
throw new UnauthorizedHttpException('jwt-auth', '未登录');
} catch (TokenExpiredException $exception) {
// 此处捕获到了 token 过期所抛出的 TokenExpiredException 异常，我们在这里需要做的是刷新该用户的 token 并将它添加到响应头中
try {
// 刷新用户的 token
$token = $this->auth->refresh();
// 使用一次性登录以保证此次请求的成功
\Auth::guard('api')->onceUsingId($this->auth->manager()->getPayloadFactory()->buildClaimsCollection()->toPlainArray()['sub']);
} catch (JWTException $exception) {
// 如果捕获到此异常，即代表 refresh 也过期了，用户无法刷新令牌，需要重新登录。
throw new UnauthorizedHttpException('jwt-auth', $exception->getMessage());
}
}
return $next($request)->withHeaders([
'Authorization'=> 'Bearer '.$token,
]);
}
}写好中间件后需要在app/Http/Kernel.php中注入
protected $routeMiddleware = [
......
'refresh' => RefreshToken::class,
];
7. routes/api.php 设置路由
$api = app('Dingo\Api\Routing\Router');
$api->version('v1', ['namespace' => 'App\Http\Controllers\V1'], function ($api) {
$api->post('register', 'AuthController@register');
$api->post('login', 'AuthController@login');
$api->post('logout', 'AuthController@logout');
$api->post('refresh', 'AuthController@refresh');
$api->post('me', 'AuthController@me');
$api->get('test', 'AuthController@test');
});这里有个坑，不要这样写$api->post('me',['middleware' =>'refresh'], 'AuthController@me');
这样虽然能执行这个中间件但执行到$next($request)这里会出错，貌似是一个回调报错 Function name must be a string ，不太清楚具体原因，可以这样写$api->post('me',, 'AuthController@me')->middleware('refresh');
根据以上几个步骤就可以建立起简单的api后台基础，获取api路由列表可以使用命令行： php artisan api:routes
routes:list貌似无法显示以上api路由，需要在api.php那里再写一遍原始的laravel路由定义才可以显示：比如这样Route::post('api/test', 'AuthController@test');后续会用另一篇幅来记录postman和小程序相关知识，可以关注我的博客：https://zgxxx.github.io