Linux C 后台服务程序单进程控制的实现
介绍
通常后台服务器程序都必须有且只有一个进程,那么如何单进程呢?
本例子是通过flock函数对/var/run/myserver.pid记录pid文件的进行加锁
- 若加锁不正常,说明后台服务进程已经在运行了,这时则直接报错退出
- 若加锁成功,说明后台服务进程没有在运行,这时可以正常启用进程
后台服务程序单进程控制
详细不多说,直接看代码
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <errno.h> #include <fcntl.h> #define PID_BUF_LEN (20) #define RUN_PID_FILE "/var/run/myserver.pid" //服务进程单实例运行 //返回值: 1--正在运行,0--未运行,-1--出错 int server_is_running() { int fd = open(RUN_PID_FILE, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT); if(fd < 0) { printf("open run pid err(%d)! %s\n", errno, RUN_PID_FILE); return -1; } // 加锁 // LOCK_SH 建立共享锁定。多个进程可同时对同一个文件作共享锁定。 // LOCK_EX 建立互斥锁定。一个文件同时只有一个互斥锁定。 if(flock(fd, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB) == -1) { //加不上锁,则是服务正在运行,已上锁了 printf("server is runing now! errno=%d\n", errno); close(fd); return 1; } // 加锁成功,证明服务没有运行 // 文件句柄不要关,也不要解锁 // 进程退出,自动就解锁了 printf("myserver is not running! begin to run..... pid=%ld\n", (long)getpid()); char pid_buf[PID_BUF_LEN] = {0}; snprintf(pid_buf, sizeof(pid_buf)-1, "%ld\n", (long)getpid()); // 把进程pid写入到/var/run/myserver.pid文件 write(fd, pid_buf, strlen(pid_buf)); return 0; } int main(void) { //进程单实例运行检测 if(0 != server_is_running()) { printf("myserver process is running!!!!! Current process will exit !\n"); return -1; } while(1) { printf("myserver doing ... \n"); sleep(2); } return 0; }
运行结果
运行程序,可知进程pid是6965
[root@lincoding singleprocess]# ./myserver server is not running! begin to run..... pid=6965 myserver doing ... myserver doing ... myserver doing ... myserver doing ... myserver doing ... myserver doing ... myserver doing ... myserver doing ...
/var/run/myserver.pid 也记录此进程的pid号,ps auxf | grep myserver可知mysever进程一直运行着
[root@lincoding singleprocess]# cat /var/run/myserver.pid 6965 [root@lincoding singleprocess]# [root@lincoding singleprocess]# ps auxf | grep myserver root 6965 0.0 0.0 3924 460 pts/0 S+ 00:32 0:00 | \_ ./myserver root 9976 0.0 0.0 103256 856 pts/1 S+ 00:35 0:00 \_ grep myserver [root@lincoding singleprocess]#
此时,再运行myserver程序,这时会报错退出,因为检测到myserver程序已经在运行中,不可以起另外一个进程,从而达到了后台服务程序单进程控制
[root@lincoding singleprocess]# ./myserver server is runing now! errno=11 myserver process is running!!!!! Current process will exit !
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