(3)抽象工厂模式
工厂方法模是定义一个勇于创建对象的接口,让子类决定实例化哪一个类。
抽象工厂模式(Abstract Factory),提供一个创建一系列相关或相互依赖对象的接口,而无需指定它们具体的类
抽象工厂模式构成
抽象工厂角色(AbstractFactory):声明生成抽象产品的方法
具体工厂角色(ConcreteFactory):执行生成抽象产品的方法,生成一个具体的产品
抽象产品(AbstactProduct):为一种产品声明接口
具体产品(ConcreteProduct):定义具体工厂生成的具体产品的对象,实现产品接口
客户角色(Client):我们的应用程序,使用抽象产品和抽象工厂生成对象
以KFC为例阐述抽象工厂模式的应用,假设现在KFC的食品直接没有任何关联,不可以分类,各个Product相互独立。这样工厂方法模式就可以很好解决,定义一系列的简单工厂,用户没要求一种食品就
使用一个合适的简单工厂来生产相应的Product就可以。
但实际情况下,KFC的产品还可以进行套餐出售,假设KFC的产品可以分为食品Food和饮料Drink,Food和Drink分别构成了一个产品族,一个产品族就是一系列相似对象的抽象。KFC出售2种套餐,
一种是经济型,包括鸡翅和可乐;另一种是豪华型,
包括鸡腿和咖啡。用户只需要指出需要的套餐名即可获得相应的Food和Drink。这种情况下,工厂方法模式将不再适用,而采用抽象工厂模式进行实现。
KFCFood.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace 抽象工厂模式_KFC_
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 产品1,KFC食品
    /// </summary>
    abstract class KFCFood
    {
        public abstract void DisPlay();
    }
}
Chicken.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace 抽象工厂模式_KFC_
{
class Chicken : KFCFood
{
public override void DisPlay()
{
Console.WriteLine("鸡腿+1");
}
}
}
Wings.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace 抽象工厂模式_KFC_
{
class Wings : KFCFood
{
public override void DisPlay()
{
Console.WriteLine("鸡翅+1");
}
}
}
KFCDrink.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace 抽象工厂模式_KFC_
{
abstract class KFCDrink
{
public abstract void Display();
}
}
Coke.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace 抽象工厂模式_KFC_
{
class Coke : KFCDrink
{
public override void DisPlay()
{
Console.WriteLine("可乐+1");
}
}
}
Coffee.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace 抽象工厂模式_KFC_
{
class Coffce : KFCDrink
{
public override void DisPlay()
{
Console.WriteLine("咖啡+1");
}
}
}
IKFCFactory.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace 抽象工厂模式_KFC_
{
/// <summary>
/// 抽象工厂,生产套餐
/// </summary>
interface IKFCFactory
{
KFCFood CreateFood();
KFCDrink CreteDrink();
}
}
CheapPackageFactory.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace 抽象工厂模式_KFC_
{
/// <summary>
/// 经济型套餐:鸡翅和可乐
/// </summary>
class CheapPackageFactory : IKFCFactory
{
public KFCFood CreateFood()
{
return new Wings();
}
public KFCDrink CreteDrink()
{
return new Coke();
}
}
}
LuxuryPackageFactory.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace 抽象工厂模式_KFC_
{
/// <summary>
/// 豪华型套餐:鸡腿和咖啡
/// </summary>
class LuxuryPackageFactory : IKFCFactory
{
public KFCFood CreateFood()
{
return new Chicken();
}
public KFCDrink CreteDrink()
{
return new Coffce();
}
}
}
Program.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace 抽象工厂模式_KFC_
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
IKFCFactory factory1 = new CheapPackageFactory();
KFCFood food = factory1.CreateFood();
food.DisPlay();
KFCDrink drink = factory1.CreteDrink();
drink.Display();
Console.Read();
}
}
}
这个在初始化的时候出现一次,如果需求增加来自功能,比如新增一个套餐。
还有客户端程序不可能只有一个吗如果一百个客户端调用访问的类,就要修改100次 IKFCFactory factory1 =newCheapPackageFactory();
所以我们用简单工厂可以改进抽象工厂
class Order
{
private static readonly string db = "CheapPackage";
//private static readonly string db = "LuxuryPackage";
public static KFCFood CreateFood()
{
KFCFood result = null;
switch (db)
{
case "CheapPackage":
result = new Wings();
break;
case "LuxuryPackage":
result = new Chicken();
break;
}
return result;
}
public static KFCDrink CreteDrink()
{
KFCDrink result = null;
switch (db)
{
case "CheapPackage":
result = new Coke();
break;
case "LuxuryPackage":
result = new Coffce();
break;
}
return result;
}
}
KFCFoodfood =Order.CreateFood();
food.DisPlay();
KFCDrink drink = Order.CreteDrink();
drink.Display();
第2例:
用了抽象工厂模式的数据访问程序:
Client:使用AbstractFactory和AbstractProduct类声明的接口
User 和 Department
/// <summary>
/// 用户类
/// </summary>
class User
{
private int _id;
public int Id
{
get { return _id; }
set { _id = value; }
}
private string _name;
public string Name
{
get { return _name; }
set { _name = value; }
}
}
class Department
{
private int _id;
public int Id
{
get { return _id; }
set { _id = value; }
}
private string _deptName;
public string DeptName
{
get { return _deptName; }
set { _deptName = value; }
}
}
AbstractProduct:声明一类产品对象接口
IUser 和 IDepartment
interface IUser
{
void Insert(User user);
User GetUser(int id);
}
interface IDepartment
{
void Insert(Department department);
Department GetDepartment(int id);
}
Product: 定义一个被相应具体工厂创建的产品对象实现AbstractProduct接口
SqlserverUser AccessUser. SqlserverDepartment AccessDepartment
class SqlserverUser : IUser
{
public void Insert(User user)
{
Console.WriteLine("在 SQL SERVER 2008 中给User表增加一条记录");
}
public User GetUser(int id)
{
Console.WriteLine("在 SQL SERVER 2008 中根据ID得到User表一条记录");
return null;
}
}
class AccessUser : IUser
{
public void Insert(User user)
{
Console.WriteLine("在 Access 中给User表增加一条记录");
}
public User GetUser(int id)
{
Console.WriteLine("在 Access 中根据ID得到User表一条记录");
return null;
}
}
class SqlserverDepartment : IDepartment
{
public void Insert(Department department)
{
Console.WriteLine("在 SQLSERVER 2008中给Department 表增加一条记录");
}
public Department GetDepartment(int id)
{
Console.WriteLine("在 SQLSERVER 2008中根据ID得到 Department 表一条记录");
return null;
}
}
class AccessDepartment : IDepartment
{
public void Insert(Department department)
{
Console.WriteLine("在 Access 中给Department 表增加一条记录");
}
public Department GetDepartment(int id)
{
Console.WriteLine("在 Access 中根据ID得到 Department 表一条记录");
return null;
}
}
AbstactFactory:声明一个创建抽象产品对象的操作接口
IFactory
interface IFactory
{
IUser CreateUser();
IDepartment CreateDepartment();
}
ConcreteFactory:实现创建具体产品对象的操作
SqlserverFactory、AccessFactory
class SqlserverFactory : IFactory
{
public IUser CreateUser()
{
return new SqlserverUser();
}
public IDepartment CreateDepartment()
{
return new SqlserverDepartment();
}
}
class AccessFatory:IFactory
{
public IUser CreateUser()
{
return new AccessUser();
}
public IDepartment CreateDepartment()
{
return new AccessDepartment();
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
User user = new User();
Department dept = new Department();
//IFactory factory = new SqlserverFactory(); //创建SQLSERVER
IFactory factory = new AccessFatory(); //创建Access
IUser iu = factory.CreateUser();
iu.Insert(user);
iu.GetUser(1);
Console.WriteLine();
IDepartment idpt = factory.CreateDepartment();
idpt.Insert(dept);
idpt.GetDepartment(1);
Console.Read();
}
来自为知笔记(Wiz)