MySQL主从复制 实践

异步主从复制

 
主从部署步骤:
  • 备份还原
    • 使用mysqldump或者xtrabackup
    • 把主库现有基础数据还原到从库
  • 授权
    • grant replication slave on *.*
    • 给从库一个复制binlog的账号
  • 配置复制,并启动
    • 从库上配置复制信息,并指向master
  • 查看主从复制信息
    • show slave status \G
1)备份还原
主:101
从:100
a)主库备份
aiapple@Ubuntu:~$ mysqldump -uroot -p --socket=/tmp/mysqldata/node1/mysql.sock --master-data --all-databases  > all_master.sql
--master-date:记录备份时binlog位置
aiapple@ubuntu:~$ cat all_master.sql | less
 
--
-- Position to start replication or point-in-time recovery from
--
 
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=6125;
 
--
-- Current Database: `db1`
--
b)从库还原
主库远程连接到从库,使用source还原
从库添加主库白名单:
mysql> grant all on *.* to [email protected] WITH GRANT OPTION;  
设置密码:
mysql> set password for root@'localhost'=password('000000');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
主库添加从库白名单:
mysql> grant all on *.* to [email protected] identified by '000000' with grant option;
主库登陆从库并还原数据:
aiapple@ubuntu:~$ mysql -uroot -p -h 192.168.1.100
 
mysql> source all_master.sql
2)赋权 replication slave
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to [email protected] identified by 'repl';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
3) 从库配置复制
MySQL主从复制 实践
#查看帮助信息
? change master to
 
mysql> change master to MASTER_USER='repl';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec)
 
mysql> change master to MASTER_PASSWORD='repl';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec)
 
mysql> change master to MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.101';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
 
mysql> change master to MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001';
MySQL主从复制 实践
4)启动:
MySQL主从复制 实践
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> show slave status\G;
 
slave_io_running:yes
slave_sql_running:yes
#表示配置成功
 
mysql> show processlist;
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| Id | User        | Host      | db   | Command | Time | State                                                                       | Info             |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
|  2 | root        | localhost | NULL | Query   |    0 | init                                                                        | show processlist |
| 16 | system user |           | NULL | Connect |   60 | Waiting for master to send event                                            | NULL             |
| 17 | system user |           | NULL | Connect |   60 | Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it | NULL             |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
注意:
  • 主从server_id应该不同;
  • 主从开启binlog日志
  • MASTER_LOG_FILE指定主库bin_log第一个文件;
半同步复制

配置mysql半同步复制 semi-sync
查看有哪些插件
show plugin

1.主从异步复制搭建

1)主库全备,备库恢复
mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --socket=/data/mysql/node1/mysqld.sock --single-transaction -A --master-data=1 > all_db.sql
mysql -utest -ptest -h(从库IP) -P3306
mysql>source all_db.sql;
2)主库授权用户
grant replication slave on *.* to repl@'(从库IP)' identified by 'repl';
3)从库配置复制
less all_db.sql|grep "change master to"
change master to master_host='(主库IP)',master_user='repl',master_password='repl',master_log_file='XXX',master_log_pos=XXX;
start stave;
show slave status\G
4)复制检验
主库:
use db1;
insert into t1 values(10);
从库:
use db1;
select * from t1;(获得数据)
主库:
drop database db2;
从库:
show databases;(显示db2被删除)
5)查看线程
主库:show processlist;(dump线程)
从库:show processlist;(IO线程、SQL线程)
6)查看日志
从库:cd /data/mysql/node1
cat master.info
cat relay-log.info
2.主从半同步复制安装
1)主库安装插件
show plugins;
install PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_master SONAME 'semisync_master.so';
2)从库安装插件
show plugins;
INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_slave SONAME 'semisync_slave.so';
3)参数设置
主库:
show variables like '%semi%';
SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1;
从库:
SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1;
4)重启主从复制
从库:
stop slave;
start slave;
5)状态检查
show global status like '%semi%';
6)复制检查
主库:
use db1;
insert into t1 values(100);
从库:
use db1;
select * from t1;(获得数据)
7)测试延迟
从库:
stop slave;
主库:
use db1;
insert into t1 values(1);(被卡10s)
set global rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=1000;(设置主等从时间1秒)
从库:
start slave;
stop slave;
主库:
use db1;
insert into t1 values(88);(被卡1s)
注意:rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout主库等待时间不能设置大,不然会引起主库雪崩效应;最好在1秒内;
MySQL主从复制 实践
MySQL主从复制 实践
并行复制

1.MySQL并行复制
 

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