15.Nginx负载均衡与LNMP配置场景（wordpress和知乎）

1.环境准备

2.操作web01主机

#### 1.安装nginx.php (之前下载的rpm已经打包，上传上来解压就行)
[ ~]# rz 
[ ~]# tar xf nginx_php.tgz
[ ~]# cd nginx_php/
[ ~/nginx_php]# rpm -ivh *

#### 2.统一用户
[ ~]# groupadd www -g 666
[ ~]# useradd www -u 666 -g 666 -s /sbin/nologin -M

# 2.1修改nginx的用户
[ ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
...
user www;
...
# 2.2修改php的用户
[ ~]# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
...
user = www
group = www
....

# 3.启动php并加入开机自启
[ ~]# systemctl start nginx php-fpm
[ ~]# systemctl enable nginx php-fp

#### 4.修改配置文件
# 4.1 wordpress的配置文件
[ ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/wp.conf
server {
        listen 80;
        server_name www.wp.com;
        root /code/wordpress;
        index index.php index.html;

        location ~\.php$ {
        root /code/wordpress;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;

        }

}


# 4.2知乎的配置文件（Wecenter）
[ ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/zh.conf
server {
        listen 80;
        server_name www.zh.com;
        root /code/zh;
        index index.php index.html;

        location ~\.php$ {
        root /code/zh;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;

        }

}


# 5.创建站点目录
[ ~]# mkdir /code/{wordpress,zh} -p

# 6.检查语法
[ ~]# nginx -t

# 7.重新加载配置文件
[ ~]# nginx -s reload

# 8.配置域名解析




##### 9.上传wordpress和Wecenter（或者去网站下载）
[ ~]# rz

# 9.1解压
[ ~]# tar xf wordpress-5.0.3-zh_CN.tar.gz 
[ ~]# unzip WeCenter_3-2-1.zip

# 10.把所有文件移动到站点目录下
[ ~]# mv wordpress/* /code/wordpress/
[ ~]# mv WeCenter_3-2-1/* /code/zh/

# 11.授权目录
[ ~]# chown www.www -R /code/

# 12.上传解压主题
[ ~]# cd /code/wordpress/wp-content/themes
[ /code/wordpress/wp-content/themes]# rz
[ /code/wordpress/wp-content/themes]# unzip QQ.zip 

# 13.打包/code
[ ~]# tar zcf code.tgz /code/

# 14.发送/code给web02
[ ~]# scp code.tgz :/root/

# 15.发送配置文件
[ ~]# scp /etc/nginx/conf.d/{wp,zh}.conf :/etc/nginx/conf.d/

3.安装部署mariadb（db01操作）

# 1.下载mariadb
[ ~]# yum install -y mariadb-server.x86_64 

# 2.启动数据库并开机自启
[ ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service 
[ ~]# systemctl enable mariadb.service

# 3.给数据库一个登入密码
[ ~]# mysqladmin -uroot password ‘123‘

# 4.登入数据库
[ ~]# mysql -uroot -p123

# 5.创建wordpress和Wecenter数据库
MariaDB [(none)]> create database wp;
MariaDB [(none)]> create database zh;

# 6.查看是否创建成功
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
| wp                 |
| zh                 |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# 7.创建用户 （所有数据库的登入用户）
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to ‘%‘ identified by ‘111‘;

4.web01登入网站.填写信息和发博客

这里是web01的域名

www.wp.com （wordpress）

www.zh.com （Wecenter）

wordpress

Wecenter

5.web02的操作

# 1.上传和解压rpm包
[ ~]# tar xf nginx_php.tgz
[ ~]# cd nginx_php/
[ ~/nginx_php]# rpm -ivh *

# 2.解压web01发来的文件到/下
[ ~]# tar xfC code.tgz /

# 3.创建用户和用户组
[ ~]# groupadd www -g 666
[ ~]# useradd www -u 666 -g 666 -s /sbin/nologin -M

# 4.授权站点目录（本来是不用的，保险点）
[ ~]# chown www.www -R /code/

# 5.让nginx使用www用户
[ ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
...
user www;
...

# 6.修改php用户
[ ~]# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
...
user = www
group = www
....

# 7.启动php并加入开机自启
[ ~]# systemctl start nginx php-fpm
[ ~]# systemctl enable nginx php-fpm

6.web02登入网站

1.注释掉web01的域名解析

2.给web02域名做解析

3.登入www.wp.com www.zh.com

完全相同，已成功公用一个数据库

7.做NFS共享图片（可做可不做）

# 1.创建统一用户
[ ~]# groupadd www -g 666
[ ~]# useradd www -g 666 -u 666 -s /sbin/nologin -M

# 2.更改NFS的配置文件
[ ~]# vim /etc/exports
/file/zh 172.16.1.0/24(sync,rw,all_squash,anonuid=666,anongid=666)
/file/wp 172.16.1.0/24(sync,rw,all_squash,anonuid=666,anongid=666)

# 3.创建共享目录
[ ~]# mkdir /file/{wp,zh} -p

# 4.授权共享目录
[ ~]# chown www.www -R /file/ 

# 5.启动并开机自启nfs
[ ~]# systemctl start nfs
[ ~]# systemctl enable nfs



############# web上的操作
# 6.发送项目上的图片到共享目录上
# wordpress上的图片
[ ~]# scp -r /code/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/* 172.16.1.31:/file/wp/
# 知乎上的图片
[ ~]# scp -r /code/zh/uploads/* 172.16.1.31:/file/zh

# 7.查看共享目录是否成功了
[ ~]# showmount -e 172.16.1.31
Export list for 172.16.1.31:
/file/wp 172.16.1.0/24
/file/zh 172.16.1.0/24

# 8.web01挂载
[ ~]# mount -t nfs 172.16.1.31:/file/zh /code/zh/uploads/
[ ~]# mount -t nfs 172.16.1.31:/file/wp /code/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/

# 9.查看
[ ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3              19G  1.6G   17G   9% /
devtmpfs              476M     0  476M   0% /dev
tmpfs                 487M     0  487M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                 487M  7.7M  479M   2% /run
tmpfs                 487M     0  487M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1             497M  120M  378M  25% /boot
tmpfs                  98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0
172.16.1.31:/file/zh   19G  1.3G   18G   7% /code/zh/uploads
172.16.1.31:/file/wp   19G  1.3G   18G   7% /code/wordpress/wp-content/uploads

# 10.web02挂载
[ ~]# mount -t nfs 172.16.1.31:/file/zh /code/zh/uploads/
[ ~]# mount -t nfs 172.16.1.31:/file/wp /code/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/

# 11.查看
[ ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3              19G  1.6G   17G   9% /
devtmpfs              476M     0  476M   0% /dev
tmpfs                 487M     0  487M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                 487M  7.7M  479M   2% /run
tmpfs                 487M     0  487M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1             497M  120M  378M  25% /boot
tmpfs                  98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0
172.16.1.31:/file/zh   19G  1.3G   18G   7% /code/zh/uploads
172.16.1.31:/file/wp   19G  1.3G   18G   7% /code/wordpress/wp-content/uploads


########### 共享图片完成

8.配置负载均衡

#### 安装nginx
# 1.更换nginx源
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true

# 2.安装nginx
[ ~]# yum install -y nginx

# 3.创建统一用户
[ ~]# groupadd www -g 666
[ ~]# useradd www -g 666 -u 666 -s /sbin/nologin -M

# 4.修改nginx的用户
[ ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 
...
user www;
...

# 5.启动nginx并开机自启
[ ~]# systemctl start nginx
[ ~]# systemctl enable nginx

# 6.准备Nginx负载均衡调度使用的proxy_params，把它写到文件里面去
[ ~]# vim /etc/nginx/proxy_params

proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
 
proxy_connect_timeout 30;
proxy_send_timeout 60;
proxy_read_timeout 60;

proxy_buffering on;
proxy_buffer_size 32k;
proxy_buffers 4 128k;

# 7.写负载均衡配置文件
#### 这个wordpress的负载均衡配置文件
[ ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/wp_lb.conf
upstream wp_lb {
    server 10.0.0.7;
    server 10.0.0.8;
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.wp.com;
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://wp_lb;
        include proxy_params;
    }
}


#### 这是Wecenter的负载均衡配置文件
upstream zh_lb {
    server 10.0.0.7;
    server 10.0.0.8;
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.zh.com;
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://zh_lb;
        include proxy_params;
    }
}


# 8.检查语法
[ /etc/nginx]# nginx -t

# 9.重新加载配置文件
[ /etc/nginx]# nginx -s reload

9.登入网站检查日志

wordpress

Wecentre