gradle项目打包jar
gradle 打包可执行jar
参考:
方法一：不借助manifest文件
java -classpath jar1:jar2:jar3... mainClassName
解解一下：
红色的是固定部分，中间蓝色的是jar包的路径（多个jar之间用:号连接），最后绿色的部分是main方法所在的类名，按这个思路
把这二个jar包扔同一个目录下，输入如下命令：
java -classpath my-jar.jar:my-lib.jar yjmyzz.runnable.jar.DemoApp
程序就能跑起来了
方法二：借助manifest文件
想办法在my-jar.jar中添加MANIFEST.MF文件，内容参考下面这样：
Main-Class: yjmyzz.runnable.jar.DemoApp
Class-Path: my-lib.jar
同样，将这两个jar包放在一起，然后
java -jar my-jar.jar 就能运行了，至于如何在打包里，自动添加MANIFEST.MF文件，gradle下可以这么做：
jar {
manifest {
attributes 'Main-Class': 'yjmyzz.runnable.jar.DemoApp'
attributes 'Class-Path': 'my-lib.jar'
}
}maven项目参考http://www.cnblogs.com/yjmyzz...
方法三：借助spring-boot 插件
前面两种方法，主程序的jar包，与依赖的jar包是分开的，这在云环境中，上传部署比较麻烦，得传多个文件（或者上传前，先压缩成一个包，再传到服务器上解压），服务器节点多时，操作起来太累。又到我大Spring出场了，将my-jar项目中的build.gradle改成下面这样：
apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'spring-boot'
buildscript {
repositories {
maven {
url 'http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/'
}
}
dependencies {
classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:1.3.0.RELEASE")
}
}
repositories {
maven {
url 'http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/'
}
}
dependencies {
compile project(':my-lib') // 依赖自身的jar
}然后命令行输入 gradle bootRepackage 将在build/libs下生成二个文件my-jar.jar以及my-jar.jar.original（先不用管这个original文件是啥）
直接java -jar my-jar.jar 就能运行了（注意：这种方式下，并不需要my-lib.jar这类依赖的jar文件），其原理在于spring-boot插件把所有依赖的jar包，全都打到一个jar包里了。
基本上，到这里这篇文章就可以完结了，如果有同学对spring-boot这种打包方式比较好奇，想深入研究，可以继续向下看，把my-jar.jar.original改名为my-jar-origin.jar，然后输入jar tf my-jar-origin.jar 即显示这个jar包的内容，会得到以下输出：
META-INF/ META-INF/MANIFEST.MF yjmyzz/ yjmyzz/runnable/ yjmyzz/runnable/jar/ yjmyzz/runnable/jar/DemoApp.class
即.original文件，其实就是一个普通的jar包，其中的MANIFEST.MF并没有什么实质性内容，只是一个空壳，这样的jar包，跟方法1得到的jar包是一样的。
再输入jar tf my-jar.jar，会得到以下输出：
jar tf wxredpack-0.1.jar META-INF/ META-INF/MANIFEST.MF com/ com/mm/ com/mm/springboot/ com/mm/springboot/api/ com/mm/springboot/api/exception/ com/mm/springboot/api/exception/BaseException.class com/mm/springboot/api/exception/InvalidMchBillNoException.class com/mm/springboot/api/exception/InvalidMoneyException.class com/mm/springboot/api/exception/InvalidOpenidException.class com/mm/springboot/api/exception/InvalidRpNumException.class com/mm/springboot/api/exception/InvalidWishingException.class com/mm/springboot/api/RedPackApi.class com/mm/springboot/Application.class com/mm/springboot/common/ com/mm/springboot/common/RedPackConfig.class com/mm/springboot/common/RedPackErrorStatus.class com/mm/springboot/controller/ com/mm/springboot/controller/FreemarkerController.class com/mm/springboot/controller/UserController.class com/mm/springboot/controller/WxRedPackController.class com/mm/springboot/entity/ com/mm/springboot/entity/BaseEntity.class com/mm/springboot/entity/NormalRedPack.class com/mm/springboot/entity/User.class com/mm/springboot/handler/ com/mm/springboot/handler/GlobalExceptionHandler.class com/mm/springboot/listener/ com/mm/springboot/listener/ApplicationStartedEventListener.class com/mm/springboot/repository/ com/mm/springboot/repository/UserRepository.class com/mm/springboot/service/ com/mm/springboot/service/RedPackService.class com/mm/springboot/service/UserService.class com/mm/springboot/utils/ com/mm/springboot/utils/ReadPackUtils.class com/mm/springboot/utils/WebUtils.class application-dev.properties application-test.properties application.properties import.sql static/ static/js/ static/js/a.js templates/ templates/hello.ftl lib/ lib/spring-boot-starter-web-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-boot-starter-data-jpa-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-boot-starter-freemarker-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar lib/jfinal-weixin-1.7.jar lib/jfinal-2.2.jar lib/spring-boot-starter-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-boot-starter-tomcat-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-boot-starter-validation-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar lib/jackson-databind-2.6.3.jar lib/spring-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-webmvc-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-boot-starter-aop-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-boot-starter-jdbc-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar lib/hibernate-entitymanager-4.3.11.Final.jar lib/javax.transaction-api-1.2.jar lib/spring-data-jpa-1.9.1.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-aspects-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar lib/freemarker-2.3.23.jar lib/spring-context-support-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar lib/cglib-nodep-3.1.jar lib/spring-boot-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-boot-autoconfigure-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-boot-starter-logging-1.3.0.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-core-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar lib/snakeyaml-1.16.jar lib/tomcat-embed-core-8.0.28.jar lib/tomcat-embed-el-8.0.28.jar lib/tomcat-embed-logging-juli-8.0.28.jar lib/tomcat-embed-websocket-8.0.28.jar lib/hibernate-validator-5.2.2.Final.jar lib/jackson-annotations-2.6.3.jar lib/jackson-core-2.6.3.jar lib/spring-aop-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-beans-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-context-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-expression-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar lib/aspectjweaver-1.8.7.jar lib/tomcat-jdbc-8.0.28.jar lib/spring-jdbc-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar lib/jboss-logging-3.3.0.Final.jar lib/jboss-logging-annotations-1.2.0.Beta1.jar lib/hibernate-core-4.3.11.Final.jar lib/dom4j-1.6.1.jar lib/hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.5.Final.jar lib/hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar lib/javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar lib/spring-data-commons-1.11.1.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-orm-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar lib/spring-tx-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar lib/slf4j-api-1.7.13.jar lib/jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.13.jar lib/logback-classic-1.1.3.jar lib/jul-to-slf4j-1.7.13.jar lib/log4j-over-slf4j-1.7.13.jar lib/validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar lib/classmate-1.1.0.jar lib/aopalliance-1.0.jar lib/tomcat-juli-8.0.28.jar lib/antlr-2.7.7.jar lib/jandex-1.1.0.Final.jar lib/xml-apis-1.0.b2.jar lib/logback-core-1.1.3.jar lib/h2-1.4.190.jar org/ org/springframework/ org/springframework/boot/ org/springframework/boot/loader/ org/springframework/boot/loader/LaunchedURLClassLoader$Java7LockProvider.class org/springframework/boot/loader/PropertiesLauncher$ArchiveEntryFilter.class org/springframework/boot/loader/PropertiesLauncher$PrefixMatchingArchiveFilter.class org/springframework/boot/loader/ExecutableArchiveLauncher$1.class org/springframework/boot/loader/PropertiesLauncher.class org/springframework/boot/loader/LaunchedURLClassLoader$ResourceEnumeration.class org/springframework/boot/loader/data/ org/springframework/boot/loader/data/ByteArrayRandomAccessData.class org/springframework/boot/loader/data/RandomAccessDataFile$DataInputStream.class org/springframework/boot/loader/data/RandomAccessData.class org/springframework/boot/loader/data/RandomAccessDataFile$FilePool.class org/springframework/boot/loader/data/RandomAccessDataFile.class org/springframework/boot/loader/data/RandomAccessData$ResourceAccess.class org/springframework/boot/loader/util/ org/springframework/boot/loader/util/SystemPropertyUtils.class org/springframework/boot/loader/util/AsciiBytes.class org/springframework/boot/loader/LaunchedURLClassLoader$1.class org/springframework/boot/loader/InputArgumentsJavaAgentDetector.class org/springframework/boot/loader/Launcher.class org/springframework/boot/loader/LaunchedURLClassLoader.class org/springframework/boot/loader/JarLauncher.class org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/ org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarEntryFilter.class org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarURLConnection.class org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarEntry.class org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/Bytes.class org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/CentralDirectoryEndRecord.class org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarFile$2.class org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/ZipInflaterInputStream.class org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarFile.class org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarFile$1.class org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarURLConnection$1.class org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/Handler.class org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarURLConnection$JarEntryName.class org/springframework/boot/loader/jar/JarEntryData.class org/springframework/boot/loader/MainMethodRunner.class org/springframework/boot/loader/InputArgumentsJavaAgentDetector$1.class org/springframework/boot/loader/WarLauncher.class org/springframework/boot/loader/PropertiesLauncher$1.class org/springframework/boot/loader/ExecutableArchiveLauncher.class org/springframework/boot/loader/LaunchedURLClassLoader$LockProvider.class org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/ org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/JarFileArchive$JarFileEntry.class org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/JarFileArchive.class org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/FilteredArchive.class org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/JarFileArchive$1.class org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/ExplodedArchive.class org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/FilteredArchive$2.class org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/Archive$Entry.class org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/ExplodedArchive$1.class org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/Archive$EntryFilter.class org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/FilteredArchive$1.class org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/ExplodedArchive$FileEntry.class org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/Archive.class org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/Archive$EntryRenameFilter.class org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/ExplodedArchive$FilteredURLStreamHandler.class org/springframework/boot/loader/archive/ExplodedArchive$FileNotFoundURLConnection.class org/springframework/boot/loader/JavaAgentDetector.class
很明显，多出了很多内容，注意lib/，可以发现依赖的jar包，已经打包到my-jar.jar内部了，这时的MANIFEST.MF内容为：
1 Manifest-Version: 1.0 2 Start-Class: yjmyzz.runnable.jar.DemoApp 3 Spring-Boot-Version: 1.3.0.RELEASE 4 Main-Class: org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher
Main-Class被设置成org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher，此外还增加了Start-Class指向我们真正的程序入口yjmyzz.runnable.jar.DemoApp，换句话说，程序运行时，先调用org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher，然后找到Start-Class对应的类，最终运行，运行过程中，会查找内部lib下的依赖jar包my-lib.jar，当然这一切是需要有额外的代码来处理的，所以多出来的org/springframework/boot下的一堆class，就是spring用来干这件事儿的。
第三种方式，很适合云环境的部署，只需要扔一个jar包上去就完事了，这种all-in-one的jar包，也被换为fat-jar
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