postfix mysql sasl ssl linux 邮件服务器搭建笔记

hongsheyoumo

2010-06-21

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基本上是按照 http://flurdy.com/docs/postfix 这个教程做的

推荐初次搭建邮件服务器的人看的书

LINUX系统管理技术手册（第2版）

POSTFIX权威指南

这2本书里面讲了很多邮件服务器方面的基本概念，不明白的话配置文件的时候简直像猜大小

写几点要注意的地方

ln -s /tmp/mysql.sock /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

配置postfix邮件系统要很多配置文件，里面的某些配置文件里面是不会自动trim()的, 如：

xxx = mysql

有一个认证模块的配置文件里面我在mysql后面多了一个空格，结果log一直提示我mysql模块未安装，

其实它说的是'mysql '模块，注意到没，引号里有一个空格，这个错误弄了老半天，最后在网上看到老外也提到了这点，才试着一个个去去除空格，结果就好了。。。

还有一个，就是配置ssl，生成证书的时候，他会让你写一些信息，如下

Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:cn

StateorProvinceName(fullname)[Some-State]:sh

LocalityName(eg,city)[]:pd

OrganizationName(eg,company)[InternetWidgitsPtyLtd]:company

OrganizationalUnitName(eg,section)[]:section

CommonName(eg,YOURname)[]:yourdomain.com

Email Address []:[email protected]

这里的Common Name一定要和你的邮件服务器的名字一样，其他无所谓，这里也是碰壁了，网上查了才知道的，原文没有提到

最后就配置了mysql+postfix+sasl_ssl,配置文件记一下

vi /etc/mailname

mailserver.com

vi /etc/postfix/main.cf

smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu)
biff = no

# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no

# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
#delay_warning_time = 4h

readme_directory = no

# TLS parameters
smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/postfix/postfix.cert
smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/postfix/postfix.key
smtpd_use_tls=yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache


smtp_tls_security_level = may
smtpd_tls_security_level = may
smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1
smtpd_tls_received_header = yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s
tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom

# See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for
# information on enabling SSL in the smtp client.

myhostname = mailserver.com
myorigin = mailserver.com
relayhost =
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = all
mynetworks_style = host


local_recipient_maps =
mydestination =


alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases
virtual_mailbox_base = /var/spool/mail/virtual
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_mailbox.cf
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_alias.cf
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_domains.cf
virtual_uid_maps = static:5000
virtual_gid_maps = static:5000


smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
smtpd_sasl_local_domain =


smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_invalid_hostname, permit
smtpd_sender_restrictions =permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, permit
#smtpd_client_restrictions = reject_rbl_client sbl.spamhaus.org, reject_rbl_client blackholes.easynet.nl, reject_rbl_client dnsbl.njabl.org
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_mynetworks, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_destination, permit
smtpd_data_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining

# how long if undelivered before sending warning update to sender
delay_warning_time = 4h
# will it be a permanent error or temporary
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 450
# how long to keep message on queue before return as failed.
# some have 3 days, I have 16 days as I am backup server for some people
# whom go on holiday with their server switched off.
maximal_queue_lifetime = 7d
# max and min time in seconds between retries if connection failed
minimal_backoff_time = 1000s
maximal_backoff_time = 8000s
# how long to wait when servers connect before receiving rest of data
smtp_helo_timeout = 60s
# how many address can be used in one message.
# effective stopper to mass spammers, accidental copy in whole address list
# but may restrict intentional mail shots.
smtpd_recipient_limit = 999
# how many error before back off.
smtpd_soft_error_limit = 3
# how many max errors before blocking it.
smtpd_hard_error_limit = 12

vi /etc/postfix/mysql_mailbox.cf

vi /etc/postfix/mysql_alias.cf

vi /etc/postfix/mysql_domains.cf

这3个文件没什么可说的注意后面没有空格就好了

vi /etc/courier/authdaemonrc

authmodulelist="authmysql"
注意这个就好了 其他没改

vi /etc/courier/authmysqlrc

这个也是照着教程上的改就好了
注意的就是
MYSQL_CRYPT_PWFIELD crypt
# MYSQL_CLEAR_PWFIELD clear

vi /etc/courier/imapd

这里没改

vi /etc/default/saslauthd

START=yes
OPTIONS="-r -c  -m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd"
就改了这2个地方

vi /etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf 这个文件就是空格事件的案发现场

pwcheck_method:saslauthd
mech_list: plain login cram-md5 digest-md5
log_level: 7
allow_plaintext: true
auxprop_plugin: mysql
sql_engine: mysql
sql_hostnames: 127.0.0.1
sql_user: admin
sql_passw: admin
sql_database: maildb
sql_select: select crypt from users where id='%u@%r' and enabled = 1

vi /etc/pam.d/smtp

auth required pam_mysql.so user=mail passwd=aPASSWORD host=127.0.0.1 db=maildb table=users usercolumn=id passwdcolumn=crypt crypt=1 
account sufficient pam_mysql.so user=mail passwd=aPASSWORD host=127.0.0.1 db=maildb table=users usercolumn=id passwdcolumn=crypt crypt=1

vi /etc/postfix/master.cf 这个是配ssl时改的

smtp      inet  n       -       -       -       -       smtpd
#submission inet n       -       -       -       -       smtpd
#  -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
#  -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
#  -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
#  -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
smtps     inet  n       -       -       -       -       smtpd
  -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
  -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
  -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
  -o smtpd_sasl_security_options=noanonymous,noplaintext
  -o smtpd_sasl_tls_security_options=noanonymous

配置amavis 基本上也是按照教程来的然后用其他邮箱发邮件测试看mail.log的输出这里我就出了一个文件读取权限的错误改

daemon_user 就好了

vi /etc/amavis/conf.d/50-user

$mydomain = 'yourdomain';
$myhostname = 'yourdomain';
$daemon_user= 'amavis';
$daemon_group= 'amavis';
@local_domains_acl = qw(.);
$log_level = 1;
$syslog_priority = 'info';
$sa_kill_level_deflt = 8.0;
# triggers spam evasive actions
#$final_spam_destiny = D_PASS;
$final_spam_destiny = D_DISCARD;

vi /etc/postfix/master.cf

pickup    fifo  n       -       -       60      1       pickup
  -o content_filter=
  -o receive_override_options=no_header_body_checks


amavis unix - - - - 2 smtp
   -o smtp_data_done_timeout=1200
   -o smtp_send_xforward_command=yes
   -o disable_dns_lookups=yes
   -o max_use=20


127.0.0.1:10025 inet n - - - - smtpd
   -o content_filter=
   -o local_recipient_maps=
   -o relay_recipient_maps=
   -o smtpd_restriction_classes=
   -o smtpd_delay_reject=no
   -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,reject
   -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=
   -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=
   -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,reject
   -o smtpd_data_restrictions=reject_unauth_pipelining
   -o smtpd_end_of_data_restrictions=
   -o mynetworks=127.0.0.0/8
   -o smtpd_error_sleep_time=0
   -o smtpd_soft_error_limit=1001
   -o smtpd_hard_error_limit=1000
   -o smtpd_client_connection_count_limit=0
   -o smtpd_client_connection_rate_limit=0
   -o receive_override_options=no_header_body_checks,no_unknown_recipient_checks

vi /etc/postfix/main.cf

content_filter = amavis:[127.0.0.1]:10024

vi /etc/amavis/conf.d/15-content_filter_mode

@bypass_virus_checks_maps = ( \%bypass_virus_checks, \@bypass_virus_checks_acl, \$bypass_virus_checks_re); 
@bypass_spam_checks_maps = ( \%bypass_spam_checks, \@bypass_spam_checks_acl, \$bypass_spam_checks_re);

在用javamail发邮件的时候出了问题说 unable to find valid certification path to requested target

一看就是认证方面的

接着就上网找资料重新配置认证文件，然后把认证文件导入到当前用到的jre\lib\security\cacerts中，

我很怀疑其实我原来的认证文件就可以的，只要导入到当前的jre中就可以

怎么导入呢

JDK/bin/keytool -import -file mailcert.pem -keystore %java_home%/jre/lib/security/cacerts

这里会问密码是 changeit 这个对jdk都是一样的默认密码

这里要注意的是你的java运行的时候用的那个jre你就要导入到那个里去，mailcert.pem就是你mailserver用到的认证文件

===========================================================

配置认证文件

8.1 配置OpenSSL

8.1.1制作rootCA