Ubuntu下Nginx做负载实现高性能WEB服务器

Start:

nginx can be used as a reverse proxy to load balance HTTP requests among back-end servers.

(Pardon!!!You do not know english!!!You are kidding!!!)

OK,Go on.

1.Network topology

photograph 1.1 Network architecture 1

photograph 1.2 Network architecture 2

两种架构最主要区别在数据库方面，架构2把DB server 独立出来，具有很好的可扩展性，但是代价较高；架构1的实现较为简单，代价较小，且已经可以满足相当高的需求了，此处为了以后做HA、双机热备、mysql主从复制等，采用架构1来实现，对于架构2后续也会做实现。

相关阅读：

2.Environment

    2.1 Key points

          External network switch 外网交换机

          Internal network switch  内网交换机

          Proxy server  代理服务器   

          Web server 1 Web服务器1

          Web server 2 Web服务器2

    2.2 Explanations

          网络拓扑图中虚的外网网线表示可有可无，建议部署环境时保留，待稳定运行后撤下。另因为使用了VPN，故此处外网地址为192.168.80.X 内网地址为192.168.1.X。

          Proxy server :

          Name:ubuntu

          OS: ubuntu10.10 x86

          NIC1： eth0 with public IP 192.168.80.8

          NIC2： eth1 with internal IP 192.168.1.8

          Runs nginx listening on 192.168.80.8:80

          Web server 1:

          Name:ubuntu2

          OS: ubuntu10.10 x86

          NIC1： eth0 with public IP 192.168.80.9（will be disabled after this deployment）

          NIC2： eth1 with internal IP 192.168.1.9

          Runs any http server ( Eg: apache2 ) listening on 192.168.1.9:80

          Runs mysql server listening on 192.168.1.9:3306

          Web server 2:

          Name:ubuntu3

          OS: ubuntu10.10 x86

          NIC1： eth0 with public IP 192.168.80.10 ( will be disabled after this deployment )

          NIC2： eth1 with internal IP 192.168.1.10

          Runs any http server ( Eg: apache2 ) listening on 192.168.1.10:80

          Runs mysql server listening on 192.168.1.10:3306

3.Configuration

    3.1 Install nginx on the Proxy server :

          You can use any way to install nginx. Here we will use the most simple method to install nginx.( Can view http://nginx.org/en/download.html )

    Configure network address

         edit /etc/network/interfaces like

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
        address 192.168.80.8
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        network 192.168.80.0
        broadcast 192.168.80.255
        gateway 192.168.80.1
        # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
        dns-nameservers 210.22.70.3

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
        address 192.168.1.8
        netmask 255.255.255.0

Or run the following commands:

     root@ubuntu:~# ifconfig eth0 192.168.80.8 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

     root@ubuntu:~# ifconfig eth1 192.168.1.8 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

     root@ubuntu:~# route add default gw 192.168.80.1

     root@ubuntu:~# sed -i '1 i\nameserver 210.22.70.3' /etc/resolv.conf

     root@ubuntu:~# sed -i '1 i\nameserver 210.22.84.3' /etc/resolv.conf

   Install nginx. For ubuntu 10.10:

root@ubuntu:~# wget http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key

root@ubuntu:~# apt-key add nginx_signing.key

root@ubuntu:~# vi /etc/apt/sources.list

     Append the following to the end of the /etc/apt/sources.list file

    deb http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ lucid nginx

    deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ lucid nginx

     Then run the following commands:

    root@ubuntu:~# apt-get update

    root@ubuntu:~# apt-get install nginx

     Installation directory

root@ubuntu:~# find / -name nginx

/usr/sbin/nginx

/usr/share/doc/nginx

/usr/share/nginx

/var/log/nginx

/var/cache/nginx

/var/lib/update-rc.d/nginx

/etc/nginx

/etc/logrotate.d/nginx

/etc/init.d/nginx

/etc/default/nginx

root@ubuntu:~#

    Install System-V style init script links（add system startup item）

root@ubuntu:~# update-rc.d nginx defaults

3.2 Install apache2 on the Web server 1 and 2:（You must run the same commands on ubuntu1 and ubuntu2.）

            You can use any way to install LAMP. Here we will use the most simple method to install LAMP.( hahaha...)

      Configure network address

            Web 1 eth0:192.168.80.9 eth1:192.168.1.9

            Web 2 eth0:192.168.80.10 eth1:192.168.1.10

            DNS：210.22.70.3/210.22.84.3

      Install LAMP.For ubuntu 10.10 run the following commands.（You must run the same commands on the Web server 1 and 2.）

     root@ubuntu:~# apt-get update

root@ubuntu:~# apt-get install apache2 mysql-server mysql-client php5 php5-gd php5-mysql libapache2-mod-php5 phpmyadmin

     Install System-V style init script links（add system startup item） （so…）

         root@ubuntu:~# update-rc.d apache2 defaults

         root@ubuntu:~# update-rc.d mysql defaults