Spring+JMS+ActiveMQ+Tomcat实现消息服务
基于Spring+JMS+ActiveMQ+Tomcat，我使用的版本情况如下所示：
Spring2.5
ActiveMQ5.4.0
Tomcat6.0.30
下面通过学习与配置，实现消息服务的基本功能：发送与接收。Spring对JMS提供了很好的支持，可以通过JmsTemplate来方便地实现消息服务。这里，我们的消息服务不涉及事务管理。下面简单说明实现过程：
先看一下，我们最终的Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml的内容，如下所示：
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:amq="http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://activemq.apache.org/schema/corehttp://activemq.apache.org/schema/core/activemq-core.xsd">
<beanid="listenerContainer"
class="org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer">
<propertyname="connectionFactory"ref="connectionFactory"></property>
<propertyname="destination"ref="messageQueue"></property>
<propertyname="messageListener"ref="receiveMessageListener"></property>
</bean>
<beanid="connectionFactory"class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
<propertyname="jndiName"value="java:comp/env/myJMS/ConnectionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<beanid="messageQueue"class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
<propertyname="jndiName"value="java:comp/env/myJMS/MessageQueue"></property>
</bean>
<beanid="receiveMessageListener"
class="org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.ReceiveMessageListener"></bean>
<beanid="messageSender"class="org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.MessageSender">
<propertyname="jmsTemplate"ref="jmsTemplate"></property>
</bean>
<beanid="jmsTemplate"class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
<propertyname="connectionFactory"ref="connectionFactory"></property>
<propertyname="defaultDestination"ref="messageQueue"></property>
</bean>
<beanid="sendMessageController"
class="org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.SendMessageController">
<propertyname="messageSender"ref="messageSender"/>
<propertyname="successView"value="/success"/>
</bean>
<beanid="urlMapping"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<propertyname="mappings">
<props>
<propkey="/sendMessage.do">sendMessageController</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<beanid="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<propertyname="requestContextAttribute"value="rc"/>
<propertyname="viewClass"
value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<propertyname="prefix"value="/"/>
<propertyname="suffix"value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
我们使用Spring的org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer来收集消息，通过设置一个消息监听器，具体实现类为org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.ReceiveMessageListener，代码如下所示：
packageorg.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration;
importjavax.jms.JMSException;
importjavax.jms.Message;
importjavax.jms.MessageListener;
importjavax.jms.TextMessage;
importorg.apache.log4j.Logger;
publicclassReceiveMessageListenerimplementsMessageListener{
privatestaticfinalLoggerLOG=Logger.getLogger(ReceiveMessageListener.class);
publicvoidonMessage(Messagemessage){
if(messageinstanceofTextMessage){
TextMessagetext=(TextMessage)message;
try{
LOG.info("Receivedmessage:"+text.getText());
}catch(JMSExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
上面，对发送的消息进行监听，并接收处理，我们只是简单地打印出一条日志内容。
对于listenerContainer，还需要注入连接工厂connectionFactory和消息目的destination这两个属性：connectionFactory我们使用ActiveMQ的org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory，并通过JNDI服务，绑定到名字java:comp/env/myJMS/ConnectionFactory上；而destination属性通过使用ActiveMQ的org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue消息队列，也是通过JNDI服务绑定到名字java:comp/env/myJMS/MessageQueue上。所以，在Tomcat的conf/context.xml中的<Context>元素里面加上如下配置：
<Resourcename="myJMS/ConnectionFactory"
auth="Container"
type="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory"
description="JMSConnectionFactory"
factory="org.apache.activemq.jndi.JNDIReferenceFactory"
brokerURL="vm://shirdrnUrl"
brokername="MyActiveMQBroker"/>
<Resourcename="myJMS/MessageQueue"
auth="Container"
type="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue"
description="MyMessageQueue"
factory="org.apache.activemq.jndi.JNDIReferenceFactory"
physicalname="MyMessageQueue"/>
我们通过使用JmsTemplate来实现消息的发送，所以实现的发送类要将JmsTemplate注入进去，实现代码如下所示：
packageorg.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration;
importjavax.jms.JMSException;
importjavax.jms.Message;
importjavax.jms.Session;
importjavax.jms.TextMessage;
importorg.apache.log4j.Logger;
importorg.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
importorg.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator;
publicclassMessageSender{
privatestaticfinalLoggerLOG=Logger.getLogger(MessageSender.class);
privateJmsTemplatejmsTemplate;
publicvoidsetJmsTemplate(JmsTemplatejmsTemplate){
this.jmsTemplate=jmsTemplate;
}
publicvoidsendMessage(finalStringmessage){
LOG.info("Sendmessage:"+message);
jmsTemplate.send(newMessageCreator(){
publicMessagecreateMessage(Sessionsession)throwsJMSException{
TextMessagetextMessage=session.createTextMessage(message);
returntextMessage;
}
});
}
}
上面基于Spring的MessageCreator来创建消息，通过调用JmsTemplate的send方法发送出去。
对于Web，我们使用了SpringMVC，通过实现一个控制器org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.SendMessageController来控制页面消息的发送及其视图的派发。我们实现的SendMessageController类继承自MultiActionController，可以在一个控制器中实现多个Action，代码实现如下所示：
packageorg.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration;
importjava.util.HashMap;
importjava.util.Map;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
importorg.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
importorg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.MultiActionController;
publicclassSendMessageControllerextendsMultiActionController{
privateStringsuccessView;
privateMessageSendermessageSender;
publicModelAndViewsendMessage(HttpServletRequestrequest,
HttpServletResponseresponse)throwsException{
Map<String,Object>retMap=newHashMap<String,Object>();
Stringmessage=request.getParameter("message");
messageSender.sendMessage(message);
returnnewModelAndView(successView,retMap);
}
publicStringgetSuccessView(){
returnsuccessView;
}
publicvoidsetSuccessView(StringsuccessView){
this.successView=successView;
}
publicMessageSendergetMessageSender(){
returnmessageSender;
}
publicvoidsetMessageSender(MessageSendermessageSender){
this.messageSender=messageSender;
}
}
上面调用模型层（Model）的MessageSender来实现发送消息的处理逻辑，如果发送成功，视图派发到successView指定的页面。可以看到，最前面我们给出的Spring配置内容分为三组，最后一组是对控制器的配置：
viewResolver视图解析器配置，可以将控制器中指定前缀（/）解析为后缀是.jsp的页面，例如/success解析为/sucess.jsp
urlMapping请求URL与控制器的映射，例如对于满足/sendMessage.do模式的请求，都会被指派给sendMessageController去处理
sendMessageController控制器实现类，里面的方法名称可以自定义，但要在org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping中的mappings属性中配置映射
然后，我们需要一个web部署描述文件，web.xml文件配置内容，如下所示：
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-appversion="2.5"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:org/shirdrn/spring/jms/integration/applicationContext.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>controller</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:org/shirdrn/spring/jms/integration/applicationContext.xml
</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>controller</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
另外，我们还要实现一个页面，提供输入发送消息的表单，提交后交给后台处理，成功发送后跳转到一个成功页面。表单输入页面为index.jsp，如下所示：
<%@pagelanguage="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
Stringpath=request.getContextPath();
StringbasePath=request.getScheme()+"://"
+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()
+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPEHTMLPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTDHTML4.01Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<basehref=../../"<%=basePath%>">
<title>MyJSP'index.jsp'startingpage</title>
<metahttp-equiv="pragma"content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="cache-control"content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="expires"content="0">
<metahttp-equiv="keywords"content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<metahttp-equiv="description"content="Thisismypage">
<!--
<linkrel="stylesheet"type="text/css"href=../../"styles.css"mce_href=../../"styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<divalign="center"style="width:500px;height:300px;border:2px;borderColor:black">
<formaction="sendMessage.do"method="post">
<tablealign="center">
<tr>
<thcolspan="2">
消息发送控制台
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
消息内容：
</td>
<td>
<inputtype="text"name="message">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<tdalign="center"colspan="2">
<inputtype="reset"value="清除">
<inputtype="submit"value="发送">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
成功页面为success.jsp，就是给一个成功的提示信息，如下所示：
<%@pagelanguage="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
Stringpath=request.getContextPath();
StringbasePath=request.getScheme()+"://"
+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()
+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPEHTMLPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTDHTML4.01Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<basehref=../../"<%=basePath%>">
<title>MyJSP'index.jsp'startingpage</title>
<metahttp-equiv="pragma"content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="cache-control"content="no-cache">
<metahttp-equiv="expires"content="0">
<metahttp-equiv="keywords"content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<metahttp-equiv="description"content="Thisismypage">
<!--
<linkrel="stylesheet"type="text/css"href=../../"styles.css"mce_href=../../"styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<divalign="center"style="width:500px;height:300px;border:2px;borderColor:black">
<formaction="sendMessage.do"method="post">
<tablealign="center">
<tr>
<thcolspan="2">
消息发送报告
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<tdcolspan="2">
状态：发送成功
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<tdalign="center"colspan="2">
<ahref=../../"index.jsp"mce_href=../../"index.jsp">返回</a>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
至此，我们可以将实现的简单web工程发布到Tomcat容器，然后启动Tomcat服务器，通过页面可以发送消息，并通过日志查看，实际消息发送和接收的情况