搭建node的项目并支持ES6写法
现在ES6在前端开发中已经非常普及了,所以前端转向node开发还可以继续保持ES6写法,现在node对ES6语法友好度越来越高,下面我们开始搭建一个支持ES6写法的node项目。同时使用nodemon配置项目源码修改时自动重启服务。
首先要初始化一个项目
npm init 或 npm init -y
先安装一个express(根据自己的需求选择web服务框架)
npm install express --save
安装babel工具
npm install babel-cli --save-dev npm install babel-plugin-transform-runtime --save-dev npm install babel-preset-env --save-dev npm install babel-preset-es2015 --save-dev npm install babel-preset-latest --save-dev npm install babel-register --save-dev
安装@babel/runtime
npm install @babel/runtime --save
安装 nodemon NODE项目代码修改时我们需要让项目自动编译更新
npm install nodemon --save-dev
安装 “rimraf” 项目文件打包时需要删除上次打包的文件目录
npm install rimraf --save-dev
cross-env能跨平台地设置及使用环境变量
npm install cross-env --save
下面我们配置一下package.json文件,在scripts中添加下面的代码
"build": "rimraf dist/ && babel ./ --out-dir dist/ --ignore ./node_modules,./.babelrc,./package.json,./npm-debug.log --copy-files", "start": "cross-env NODE_ENV=development nodemon --harmony index-api.js"
然后新建一个文件.babelrc,将下面的代码写进入
{ "presets": ["es2015"], "plugins": ["transform-runtime"] }
到此基本的配置已经完成了,下面建立一个服务器文件 app.js
import express from 'express' const app = express() app.listen(3000, function() { console.log('服务器启动成功!') })
此时如果急用node命令启动app.js会出现错误,因为import模块引入命令node不认,所以要用一个中间页面做一下过渡
新建一个index.js
require('babel-register') ({ presets: [ 'env' ] }) require('./app.js')
此时用npm start index.js启动项目(用node命令直接启动index.js文件也不会报错了)
下面我把我项目中的配置贴出来仅供大家参考
package.json文件
{ "name": "node-api", "version": "1.0.0", "description": "", "main": "index.js", "scripts": { "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1", "build": "rimraf dist/ && babel ./ --out-dir dist/ --ignore ./node_modules,./.babelrc,./package.json,./npm-debug.log --copy-files", "start": "cross-env NODE_ENV=development nodemon --harmony index.js" }, "keywords": [], "author": "", "license": "ISC", "dependencies": { "@babel/runtime": "^7.4.2", "cookie-parser": "^1.4.4", "cross-env": "^5.2.0", "express": "^4.16.4", "express-session": "^1.15.6", "mysql": "^2.16.0", "node-uuid": "^1.4.8" }, "devDependencies": { "babel-cli": "^6.26.0", "babel-plugin-transform-runtime": "^6.23.0", "babel-preset-env": "^1.7.0", "babel-preset-es2015": "^6.24.1", "babel-preset-latest": "^6.24.1", "babel-register": "^6.26.0", "nodemon": "^1.18.10", "rimraf": "^2.6.3" } }
.babelrc
{ "presets": ["es2015"], "plugins": ["transform-runtime"] }
app.js
import express from 'express' import router from './router/index.js' import bodyParser from 'body-parser' import cookieParser from 'cookie-parser' import session from 'express-session'; const app = express(); app.set('port', process.env.PORT || 200); // 设定监听端口 app.all('*', (req, res, next) => { const { origin, Origin, referer, Referer } = req.headers; const allowOrigin = origin || Origin || referer || Referer || '*'; res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", allowOrigin); res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Content-Type, Authorization, X-Requested-With"); res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "PUT,POST,GET,DELETE,OPTIONS"); res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", true); //可以带cookies res.header("X-Powered-By", 'Express'); if (req.session) { console.log('进入') } if (req.method == 'OPTIONS') { res.sendStatus(200); } else { next(); } }); app.use(express.static('./view')); app.use(bodyParser.json({limit: '1mb'})); // 这里指定参数使用 json 格式 app.use(cookieParser()); // 挂载cookie app.set('trust proxy', 1) app.use(session({ secret: 'keyboardcat', name: 'token', //这里的name值得是cookie的name,默认cookie的name是:connect.sid rolling: true, cookie: {maxAge: 60 * 60 * 1000 , httpOnly:true}, //设置maxAge是80000ms,即80s后session和相应的cookie失效过期 resave: true, saveUninitialized: false })); router(app); app.listen(app.get('port'), () => { console.log(`服务端口:${app.get('port')}`) })
index.js
require('babel-register') ({ presets: [ 'env' ] }) require('./app.js')
到此就结束了,这是我项目中最基本的配置
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