Shell基本语法
#!/bin/bash
#输出一句话
echo "what's your name?"
#从键盘获取输入内容,并将其赋值给name变量
read name
echo "hello ${name},good luck!"
echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
#特殊变量
echo "current programe pid={$$}"
echo "current programe file name={$0}"
echo "param1={$1},param1={$2}"
echo "param length={$#}"
echo "params*={$*}"
echo "params@={$@}"
#`命令赋值给变量`
date=`date`
who=`who`
echo "system common-date=${date}"
echo "system common-who=${who}"
echo "pwd=`pwd`"
#expr基础运算
a=20
b=10
result=`expr $a + $b`
echo "a+b=$result"
result=`expr ${a} - ${b}`
echo "a-b=${result}"
result=`expr ${a} \* ${b}`
echo "a*b=${result}"
#if语句+等于运算符
if [ ${a} == ${b} ]
then
echo "a==b,true"
fi
#if语句+不等于运算符
if [ ${a} != ${b} ]
then
echo "a!=b,true"
fi
#if-else语句
if [ ${a} == ${b} ]
then
echo "a=b"
else
echo "a!=b"
fi
#if-elseif语句,使用\进行转移,否则会重定向一个名为${b}空文件。也可以使用-gt进行比较,类似的还有-eq -ne -gt -lt -ge -le
if [ ${a} \> ${b} ]
then
echo "a>b"
elif [ ${a} == ${b} ]
then
echo "a=b"
else
echo "a<b"
fi
#字符串
str="this is a boy"
echo "str.length=${#str[n]}"
#数组
colorArray=(black red blue)
echo "colorArray=${colorArray[*]}"
echo "colorArray1=${colorArray[1]}"
echo "colorArrayLength=${#colorArray[n]}"
#switch-case语句
echo "input type value:"
read type
case ${type} in
0) echo "type is 0"
;;
1) echo "type is 1"
;;
2|3)
echo "type is 2 or 3"
;;
*) echo "type error"
;;
esac
#for循环
for num in 1 2 3 4 5 6
do
echo ${num}
done
#for循环
for ((i=1;$i<=5;i++))
do
echo "i=$i"
done
#while循环(条件为true时进入循环)
count=0
while [ ${count} -lt 5 ]
do
count=`expr ${count} + 1`
echo "count=${count}"
done
#until循环(条件为false时进入循环)
count=0
until [ ! ${count} -lt 5 ]
do
count=`expr ${count} + 1`
echo "count2=${count}"
done
#函数声明
sayHello() {
echo "hello man!"
}
#函数调用
sayHello
#函数声明+返回值
add() {
echo "input num1:"
read inputNum1
echo "input num2:"
read inputNum2
echo "user input content:num1=${inputNum1},num2=${inputNum2}"
return `expr ${inputNum1} + ${inputNum2}`
}
#函数调用
add
#函数返回值
returnValue=$?
echo "add function return value:${returnValue}"
#函数嵌套调用
login() {
echo "input username:"
read login
echo "input password:"
read passwod
auth
authReturnValue=$?
echo "authReturnValue=${authReturnValue}"
if [ ${authReturnValue} == 1 ]
then
home
fi
}
auth() {
echo "auth ok"
return 1
}
home() {
echo "welcome index.html"
}
login
#函数传参
addList() {
echo "function param 1:$1"
echo "function param 2:$2"
echo "function param 3:$3"
#多余10个参数时,使用${n}获取参数值。使用$10会被解析为$1+0
echo "function param 10:${10}"
}
addList one two three four five six seven eight nine ten shiyi shier
#输出重定向
pwd > result.txt
echo "append content" >> result.txt
#禁止输出(屏蔽标准输出文件stdout)
ifconfig > /dev/null
#禁止输出(屏蔽标准输出文件stdout和标准错误文件stderr),ifconfig -all为错误命令
ifconfig -all > /dev/null 2>&1
#一般情况下,每个 Unix/Linux 命令运行时都会打开三个文件:
#标准输入文件(stdin):stdin的文件描述符为0,Unix程序默认从stdin读取数据。
#标准输出文件(stdout):stdout 的文件描述符为1,Unix程序默认向stdout输出数据。
#标准错误文件(stderr):stderr的文件描述符为2,Unix程序会向stderr流中写入错误信息。
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