华为FusionCompute虚拟机挂载点磁盘空间在线扩容
需求描述:
由于数据中心某平台测试环境数据库服务器(192.168.104.7)挂载点/usr磁盘空间不足,导致Oracle数据库无法正常运行,因此需要对/usr挂载点进行在线扩容,由原来的200G扩容至300G。
处理过程如下:
1.登陆虚拟机查看磁盘挂载使用情况,看到/usr挂载点空间使用已经100%
[ ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on devtmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 16G 194M 16G 2% /run tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/centos-root 50G 123M 50G 1% / /dev/mapper/centos-usr 200G 200G 17M 100% /usr /dev/xvda1 1014M 157M 858M 16% /boot /dev/mapper/centos-var 100G 773M 100G 1% /var /dev/mapper/centos-home 10G 10G 20K 100% /home nfs1.ccic.com:/nfs/temp 450G 358G 93G 80% /software/temp tmpfs 3.2G 0 3.2G 0% /run/user/0 tmpfs 3.2G 0 3.2G 0% /run/user/1001
查看当前虚拟机有几块磁盘
[ ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom xvda 202:0 0 500G 0 disk ├─xvda1 202:1 0 1G 0 part /boot ├─xvda2 202:2 0 267.9G 0 part │ ├─centos-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm / │ ├─centos-swap 253:1 0 7.9G 0 lvm [SWAP] │ ├─centos-usr 253:2 0 200G 0 lvm /usr │ ├─centos-home 253:3 0 10G 0 lvm /home │ └─centos-var 253:4 0 100G 0 lvm /var └─xvda3 202:3 0 231.1G 0 part └─centos-usr 253:2 0 200G 0 lvm /usr
1.登陆FusionCompute虚拟化web界面,找到需要绑定磁盘的虚拟机
2.选择更多功能-->绑定磁盘
3.创建磁盘,然后绑定给虚拟机
4.输入需要绑定磁盘的大小和磁盘名称,然后点击确定。
5.虚拟机绑定磁盘后,登陆虚拟机可看到新增的磁盘
[ ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom xvda 202:0 0 500G 0 disk ├─xvda1 202:1 0 1G 0 part /boot ├─xvda2 202:2 0 267.9G 0 part │ ├─centos-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm / │ ├─centos-swap 253:1 0 7.9G 0 lvm [SWAP] │ ├─centos-usr 253:2 0 200G 0 lvm /usr │ ├─centos-home 253:3 0 10G 0 lvm /home │ └─centos-var 253:4 0 100G 0 lvm /var └─xvda3 202:3 0 231.1G 0 part └─centos-usr 253:2 0 200G 0 lvm /usr xvde 202:64 0 100G 0 disk
6.查看虚拟机上的lvm和vg信息
[ ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree centos 2 5 0 wz--n- 498.99g <131.12g [ ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert home centos -wi-ao---- 10.00g root centos -wi-ao---- 50.00g swap centos -wi-ao---- <7.88g usr centos -wi-ao---- 200.00g var centos -wi-ao---- 100.00g
7.创建物理分区
[ ~]# fdisk /dev/xvde Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Device does not contain a recognized partition table Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x251e7667. Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended Select (default p): p Partition number (1-4, default 1): First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048): Using default value 2048 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199): t Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199): Using default value 209715199 Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set Command (m for help): t Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e Changed type of partition ‘Linux‘ to ‘Linux LVM‘ Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/xvde: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x251e7667 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvde1 2048 209715199 104856576 8e Linux LVM Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
8.创建物理逻辑卷
[ ~]# pvcreate /dev/xvde1 Physical volume "/dev/xvde1" successfully created. [ ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom xvda 202:0 0 500G 0 disk ├─xvda1 202:1 0 1G 0 part /boot ├─xvda2 202:2 0 267.9G 0 part │ ├─centos-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm / │ ├─centos-swap 253:1 0 7.9G 0 lvm [SWAP] │ ├─centos-usr 253:2 0 200G 0 lvm /usr │ ├─centos-home 253:3 0 10G 0 lvm /home │ └─centos-var 253:4 0 100G 0 lvm /var └─xvda3 202:3 0 231.1G 0 part └─centos-usr 253:2 0 200G 0 lvm /usr xvde 202:64 0 100G 0 disk └─xvde1 202:65 0 100G 0 part
9.先扩容lvm所在的vg卷组
[ ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree centos 2 5 0 wz--n- 498.99g <131.12g [ ~]# vgextend centos /dev/xvde1 ##扩容卷组centos的大小 Volume group "centos" successfully extended [ ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree centos 3 5 0 wz--n- <598.99g 231.11g
10.接下来扩容/usr挂载点空间大小,并对文件系统进行xfs_growfs 格式化。
[ ~]# lvextend /dev/centos/usr /dev/xvde1 Size of logical volume centos/usr changed from 200.00 GiB (51200 extents) to <300.00 GiB (76799 extents). Logical volume centos/usr successfully resized. [ ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/centos/usr meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-usr isize=512 agcount=8, agsize=6553600 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=52428800, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1 log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=12800, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 data blocks changed from 52428800 to 78642176 [ ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on devtmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 16G 194M 16G 2% /run tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/centos-root 50G 123M 50G 1% / /dev/mapper/centos-usr 300G 200G 101G 67% /usr /dev/xvda1 1014M 157M 858M 16% /boot /dev/mapper/centos-var 100G 773M 100G 1% /var /dev/mapper/centos-home 10G 10G 20K 100% /home nfs1.ccic.com:/nfs/temp 450G 358G 93G 80% /software/temp tmpfs 3.2G 0 3.2G 0% /run/user/0 tmpfs 3.2G 0 3.2G 0% /run/user/1001 nfs1.ccic.com:/nfs/ccic 450G 358G 93G 80% /software/ccic [ ~]# lvscan ACTIVE ‘/dev/centos/root‘ [50.00 GiB] inherit ACTIVE ‘/dev/centos/home‘ [10.00 GiB] inherit ACTIVE ‘/dev/centos/swap‘ [<7.88 GiB] inherit ACTIVE ‘/dev/centos/usr‘ [<300.00 GiB] inherit ACTIVE ‘/dev/centos/var‘ [100.00 GiB] inherit
经验总结
在centos7.x上,可对挂载点lvm空间大小进行在线、不关机弹性缩减和扩容操作,因此在很多系统环境规划时,建议使用lvm技术,可以根据应用数据的大小对空间进行弹性扩容操作。