Linux下查看系统配置

https://www.cnblogs.com/alwu007/p/6024631.html

CPU

1. lscpu:显示cpu架构信息

[ ~]$ lscpu
Architecture:          x86_64
CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:            Little Endian
CPU(s):                4          #总处理器核心数量
On-line CPU(s) list:   0-3
Thread(s) per core:    1          #每个核心支持的线程数量。1表示只支持一个线程,即不支持超线程
Core(s) per socket:    1          #每个处理器的核心数量
Socket(s):             4          #处理器数量
NUMA node(s):          1
Vendor ID:             GenuineIntel
CPU family:            6
Model:                 63
Stepping:              0
CPU MHz:               2599.998
BogoMIPS:              5199.99
Hypervisor vendor:     VMware       #管理程序供应商
Virtualization type:   full
L1d cache:             32K
L1i cache:             32K
L2 cache:              256K
L3 cache:              30720K
NUMA node0 CPU(s):     0-3

总处理器核心数量=处理器数量*每个处理器的核心数量*每个核心支持的线程数量。即:CPU(s) = Socket(s) * Core(s) * Thread(s)。

我们看一下MAN中是如何描述的:

[ ~]$ man lscpu
   COLUMNS
       CPU    The logical CPU number of a CPU as used by the Linux kernel.    #逻辑CPU数量
       CORE   The logical core number. A core can contain several CPUs.      #逻辑核心数量
       SOCKET The logical socket number. A socket can contain several cores.   #逻辑插槽(路)数量

2. cat /proc/cpuinfo:查看CPU详细信息

[ ~]$ cat /proc/cpuinfo 
processor       : 0
vendor_id       : GenuineIntel
cpu family      : 6
model           : 63
model name      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2690 v3 @ 2.60GHz
stepping        : 0
cpu MHz         : 2599.998
cache size      : 30720 KB
fpu             : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level     : 13
wp              : yes
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf unfair_spinlock pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx hypervisor lahf_lm ida arat epb pln pts dts
bogomips        : 5199.99
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor       : 1
vendor_id       : GenuineIntel
cpu family      : 6
model           : 63
model name      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2690 v3 @ 2.60GHz
stepping        : 0
cpu MHz         : 2599.998
cache size      : 30720 KB
fpu             : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level     : 13
wp              : yes
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf unfair_spinlock pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx hypervisor lahf_lm ida arat epb pln pts dts
bogomips        : 5199.99
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor       : 2
vendor_id       : GenuineIntel
cpu family      : 6
model           : 63
model name      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2690 v3 @ 2.60GHz
stepping        : 0
cpu MHz         : 2599.998
cache size      : 30720 KB
fpu             : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level     : 13
wp              : yes
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf unfair_spinlock pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx hypervisor lahf_lm ida arat epb pln pts dts
bogomips        : 5199.99
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor       : 3
vendor_id       : GenuineIntel
cpu family      : 6
model           : 63
model name      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2690 v3 @ 2.60GHz
stepping        : 0
cpu MHz         : 2599.998
cache size      : 30720 KB
fpu             : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level     : 13
wp              : yes
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf unfair_spinlock pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx hypervisor lahf_lm ida arat epb pln pts dts
bogomips        : 5199.99
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

 这样输出的话,内容有些多,看起来会有些混乱。我们可以用几条命令来查看我们想要知道的信息:

# 查看物理CPU个数
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "physical id" | sort | uniq

# 查看每个物理CPU中core的个数(即核数)
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "cpu cores" | uniq

# 查看每个物理CPU中线程的个数
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "siblings" | uniq

# 查看逻辑CPU的个数
cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "processor"

# 查看CPU型号
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "model name" | uniq

内存

查看/proc/meminfo或者使用free命令。free命令就是从meminfo中获取的信息。一般情况下,使用free就能得到我们想知道的信息:

[ ~]$ free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          7868        954       6914          0         64        619
-/+ buffers/cache:        271       7597
Swap:         4031          0       4031

可以看出,内存大小是8G。

硬盘

1. lsblk:blk是block的缩写。列出块设备

[ ~]$ lsblk
NAME                        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0                          11:0    1 1024M  0 rom  
sdb                           8:16   0  100G  0 disk 
└─sdb1                        8:17   0  100G  0 part /data
sda                           8:0    0   60G  0 disk 
├─sda1                        8:1    0  500M  0 part /boot
└─sda2                        8:2    0 59.5G  0 part 
  ├─VolGroup-lv_root (dm-0) 253:0    0   50G  0 lvm  /
  ├─VolGroup-lv_swap (dm-1) 253:1    0    4G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
  └─VolGroup-lv_home (dm-2) 253:2    0  5.6G  0 lvm  /home

其中,TYPE=disk表示硬盘。可以看出,硬盘分为sda和sdb,一共160G。

2. df:查看硬盘使用情况

[ ~]$ df -h
Filesystem                    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root   50G  1.7G   46G   4% /
tmpfs                         3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                     485M   39M  421M   9% /boot
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home  5.5G  165M  5.1G   4% /home
/dev/sdb1                      99G  188M   94G   1% /data

所有行的Size全加起来,也能大概算出硬盘大小。

参考:

1. 百度百科双CPU中对超线程、双核心、双CPU的介绍:双CPU

2. CSDN博客:Linux下查看CPU信息[/proc/cpuinfo]

3. CSDN博客:处理器CPU概念及CPU多线程

4.博客园博客:Linux 查看系统硬件信息(实例详解)

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