MongoDB3.0.x版本用户授权配置(单机环境)

[root@fo169 bin]# ./mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.7
connecting to: test
Server has startup warnings:
2015-10-29T15:12:14.257+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2015-10-29T15:12:14.257+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten]
> show dbs
local  0.000GB

 在没有配置的情况下，登录到数据库后，可以做任何操作。

• 配置认证模块及重启服务： 

编写了一个启动配置文件：mongodb.conf(文件中标红部分就为auth的授权模块)

[root@fo169 bin]# cat mongodb.conf 
systemLog:
   destination: file
   path: "/data/auth/log/mongod.log"                                   
   logAppend: true
storage:
   journal:                                                              
      enabled: true
   dbPath: "/data/auth/db"                                                   
   directoryPerDB: true                                                 
   engine: wiredTiger                                                           
   wiredTiger:                                                              
      engineConfig:
         cacheSizeGB: 4                                                         
         directoryForIndexes: true                                          
         journalCompressor: zlib
      collectionConfig:                                                       
         blockCompressor: zlib
      indexConfig:                                                                 
         prefixCompression: true
net:                                                                     
   port: 27017
processManagement:                                                           
   fork: true
security:
   authorization: enabled

• 创建授权用户(超级管理员)： 

MongoDB在V3.0版本之后内置了root 角色，也就是结合了readWriteAnyDatabase、dbAdminAnyDatabase、userAdminAnyDatabase、clusterAdmin4个角色权限，类似于Oracle的sysdba角色，但是MongoDB的超级管理员用户名称是可以随便定义的：

[root@fo169 bin]# ./mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.7
connecting to: test
Server has startup warnings: 
2015-10-30T16:24:36.127+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2015-10-30T16:24:36.127+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.createUser(
...    {
...      user: "ljaiadmin",
...      pwd: "123456",
...     roles: [ { role: "root", db: "admin" } ]
...   }
... )
Successfully added user: {
        "user" : "ljaiadmin",
        "roles" : [
                {
                        "role" : "root",
                        "db" : "admin"
                }
        ]
}

这样就创建好一个ljaiadmin的超级管理员用户，创建全局用户或者超级用户，需要在MongoDB的admin数据库中创建(在其他库也可以创建，但是没有该角色功能)，重启完mongod进程后，接下来做一下权限的验证：

[root@fo169 bin]# ./mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.7
connecting to: test
> show dbs  (注：此时查看已提示没有授权执行listDatabases命令了)
2015-10-30T16:41:31.131+0800 E QUERY    Error: listDatabases failed:{
        "ok" : 0,
        "errmsg" : "not authorized on admin to execute command { listDatabases: 1.0 }",
        "code" : 13
}
    at Error (<anonymous>)
    at Mongo.getDBs (src/mongo/shell/mongo.js:47:15)
    at shellHelper.show (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:630:33)
    at shellHelper (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:524:36)
    at (shellhelp2):1:1 at src/mongo/shell/mongo.js:47
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.auth('ljaiadmin','123456') (注：切换到admin用户进行授权验证)
1
> show dbs                      (注：验证完成后，就可以读写等操作)
admin    0.000GB
local    0.000GB
test100  0.000GB
test2    0.000GB
> use test2
switched to db test2
> show tables
test
test2
> db.test2.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5632cf116207909a76446af7"), "name" : "1" }
> db.test2.drop()
true
> db.dropDatabase()
{ "dropped" : "test2", "ok" : 1 }
> show dbs
admin    0.000GB
local    0.000GB
test100  0.000GB
> use test100
switched to db test100
> db.test111.insert({"test":"test"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.test111.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("56332db373f771b3d95638bb"), "test" : "test" }
> use admin
switched to db admin
> show users
{
        "_id" : "admin.ljaiadmin",
        "user" : "ljaiadmin",
        "db" : "admin",
        "roles" : [
                {
                        "role" : "root",
                        "db" : "admin"
                }
        ]
}
>

• 创建普通用户

用可以对test123数据库读写的rwtest123用户为例：

> use test123
switched to db test123
> db.createUser(
...    {
...      user: "rwtest123",
...      pwd: "123456",
...     roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: "test123" } ]
...   }
... )
Successfully added user: {
        "user" : "rwtest123",
        "roles" : [
                {
                        "role" : "readWrite",
                        "db" : "test123"
                }
        ]
}
#所建的rwtest123用户可以在test123数据库中进行增删改查操作，但是其他操作就不行了
>db.auth('rwtest123','123456')
switched to db test123
> db.test123.insert({"test":"test"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.test123.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("563332ebc8a59ae4fe96bbf5"), "test" : "test" }
> db.test123.drop()
true
> use test100
switched to db test100
> db.test100.find()
Error: error: { "$err" : "not authorized for query on test100.test100", "code" : 13 }
>

• 配置参考：

 MongoDB数据库的用户权限控制权限还是比较多的，有系统自带的，已经定义好的角色，也可以自己定义角色权限，需要根据业务需要进行权限分配：

自带角色的说明(一般内置的角色基本上就可以满足生产环境需求了)：

https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/core/security-built-in-roles/

用户自行定义角色的说明：

https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/core/security-user-defined-roles/

用户管理配置的说明

https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/method/#user-management-methods