Spring Framework研究 RESTFUL

前言

参考文档SpringFrameworkReferenceDocumentation

http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/3.2.x/spring-framework-reference/html/

spring.io/guides/gs/rest-service/

http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/3.0.0.M3/reference/html/ch18s02.html

SpringFramework研究(一)RESTFUL

注:本文仅限于SpringMVC&RESTFUL于实际应用,如果想学习RESTFUL,请参考书籍:RESTful+Web+Services+Cookbook-cn.pdf、RESTFULWEBSERVICES中文版.pdf

1RESTFULHTTP服务发送地址标准

/user/HTTPGET=>查询所有的用户信息列表

/user/1HTTPGET=>查询ID=1的用户信息

/userHTTPPOST=>新增用户信息

/user/1HTTPPUT=>更新ID=1用户

/user/1HTTPDELETE=>删除ID=1用户

/user/HTTPDELETE=>删除数组IDS系列用户

JAVA控制层Action:

@Controller

@RequestMapping(value="/user")

publicclassUserController{

@ResponseBody

@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET)

publicMap<String,Object>list(

@RequestParam(value="start",defaultValue="0",required=true)Integerstart,

@RequestParam(value="limit",defaultValue="0",required=true)Integerlimit,

@RequestParam(value="name",defaultValue="",required=false)Stringname){

returnnull;

}

@ResponseBody

@RequestMapping(value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)

publicMap<String,Object>list(

@PathVariable("id")Integerid){

returnnull;

}

@ResponseBody

@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST)

publicMap<String,Object>add(

@Valid@RequestBodyUserVOvo){

returnnull;

}

@ResponseBody

@RequestMapping(value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)

publicMap<String,Object>updateUser(

@PathVariable("id")Integerid,

@Valid@RequestBodyUserVOvo){

returnnull;

}

@ResponseBody

@RequestMapping(value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)

publicMap<String,Object>delete(@PathVariable("id")Integerid){

returnModelMapper.success();

}

@ResponseBody

@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.DELETE)

publicMap<String,Object>delete(@RequestBodyString[]ids){

returnnull;

}

}//endclassUserController

注:删除系列用户时,前台IDSJSON格式:

varids=[];

for(vari=0;i<5;i++){

ids.push(i);

}

AJAX:

$.ajax({

type:'DELETE',

url:'user/',

contentType:"application/json;charset=utf-8",

data:JSON.stringify(ids),

dataType:"json"

}

2SPring3.2RESTFULAnnotationintroduce

packagehello;

importorg.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;

importorg.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

importorg.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

@ComponentScan

@EnableAutoConfiguration

publicclassApplication{

publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){

SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);

}

}

@ComponentScan:The@ComponentScanannotationtellsSpringtosearchrecursivelythroughthehellopackageanditschildrenforclassesmarked

directlyorindirectlywithSpring's@Componentannotation.ThisdirectiveensuresthatSpringfindsandregisterstheGreetingController,

becauseitismarkedwith@Controller,whichinturnisakindof@Componentannotation.

@Controller

publicclassGreetingController{

privatestaticfinalStringtemplate="Hello,%s!";

privatefinalAtomicLongcounter=newAtomicLong();

@ResponseBody

@RequestMapping("/greeting")

publicGreetinggreeting(

@RequestParam(value="name",required=false,defaultValue="World")Stringname){

returnnewGreeting(counter.incrementAndGet(),

String.format(template,name));

}

}

@Controller:InSpring'sapproach(Method)tobuildingRESTfulwebservices,HTTPrequestsarehandledbyacontroller.Thesecomponentsare

easilyidentifiedbythe@Controllerannotation

@ResponseBody:Toaccomplishthis,the@ResponseBodyannotationonthegreeting()methodtellsSpringMVCthatitdoesnotneedtorender

thegreetingobjectthroughaserver-sideviewlayer,butthatinsteadthatthegreetingobjectreturnedistheresponsebody,andshould

bewrittenoutdirectly.

@RequestMapping:The@RequestMappingannotationensuresthatHTTP(specifyGETvs.PUT,POST)requeststo/greetingaremappedtothe

greeting()[email protected]@RequestMapping(method=GET)tonarrow(精密的)thismapping(映像)

@RequestBody:The@RequestBodymethodparameterannotationisusedtoindicatethatamethodparametershouldbeboundtothevalueofthe

HTTPrequestbody.Forexample,

@RequestMapping(value="/something",method=RequestMethod.PUT)

publicvoidhandle(@RequestBodyStringbody,Writerwriter)throwsIOException{

writer.write(body);

}

@PathVariable:Springusesthe@RequestMappingmethodannotationtodefinetheURITemplatefortherequest.The@PathVariableannotation

isusedtoextractthevalueofthetemplatevariablesandassigntheirvaluetoamethodvariable.ASpringcontrollermethodto

processaboveexampleisshownbelow;

@RequestMapping("/users/{userid}",method=RequestMethod.GET)

publicStringgetUser(@PathVariableStringuserId){

//implementationomitted...

}

@RequestParam:itbindsthevalueofthequerystringparameternameintothenameparameterofthegreeting()method.Thisquerystring

parameterisnotrequired;ifitisabsent(缺少)intherequest,thedefaultValueof"World"isused.

Note:AkeydifferencebetweenatraditionalMVCcontrollerandtheRESTfulwebservicecontrolleraboveisthewaythattheHTTPresponse

bodyiscreated.Ratherthanrelyingonaviewtechnologytoperformserver-siderendering渲染ofthegreetingdatatoHTML,thisRESTfulweb

servicecontrollersimplypopulatesandreturnsaGreetingobject.TheobjectdatawillbewrittendirectlytotheHTTPresponseasJSON.

AndTheGreetingobjectmustbeconvertedtoJSON.ThankstoSpring'sHTTPmessageconvertersupport,youdon'tneedtodothisconversion

manually.BecauseJackson2isontheclasspath,Spring'sMappingJackson2HttpMessageConverterisautomaticallychosentoconverttheGreeting

instancetoJSON.configurationTheSpringJsonConvertAutoLike:/项目/WebContent/WEB-INF/spring/app-config.xml

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:dwr="http://www.directwebremoting.org/schema/spring-dwr"

xsi:schemaLocation="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvchttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">

<context:component-scanbase-package="com.test.company.web"/>

<mvc:annotation-driven>

<mvc:message-convertersregister-defaults="true">

<beanclass="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">

<propertyname="objectMapper">

<beanclass="com.test.security.MyObjectMapper"><propertyname="dateFormat"><beanclass="java.text.SimpleDateFormat"><constructor-argtype="java.lang.String"value="yyyy-MM-ddHH:mm:ss"/></bean></property></bean></property></bean></mvc:message-converters></mvc:annotation-driven><mvc:default-servlet-handler/></beans>

com.test.security.MyObjectMapper:

publicclassMyObjectMapperextendsObjectMapper{

privatestaticfinallongserialVersionUID=1L;

publicMyObjectMapper(){

SimpleModulesm=newSimpleModule("sm");

sm.addSerializer(String.class,newJsonSerializer<String>(){

@Override

publicvoidserialize(Stringvalue,JsonGeneratorjgen,SerializerProviderprovider)throwsIOException,JsonProcessingException{

//防止XSS

jgen.writeString(HtmlUtils.htmlEscape(value));

}

});

//当JSON转Java对象时忽略JSON中存在而Java对象中未定义的属性

configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES,false);

registerModule(sm);

}

}

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