Oracle数据库迁移及问题处理两例
Oracle数据库迁移问题一：
一.问题描述：
由于需要将一个生产库停机冷备份copy到本机的新存储上，新存储在链路聚合操作时重启solairs 10后，无法识别所有光纤卡，尝试各种办法都无法找到光纤卡，且原OS系统在经过多种操作后，OS都无法启动。杯具发生，由于生产环境停机时间有限，所以决定将原存储分配到备机上，开启数据库。
启动数据库时，报redo log找不到：
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
Oracle instance started.
Total System Global Area 4.2771E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 2118064 bytes
Variable Size 1.0522E+10 bytes
Database Buffers 3.2212E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 34709504 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 15 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 15 thread 1: '/apps/redolog/redo15.log'
二.问题分析：
1.查看控制文件中redo log有哪些在本地文件系统中：
SQL> select open_mode from v$database; ---查看数据库现在处于mounted状态
OPEN_MODE
----------
MOUNTED
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace; ---产生控制文件trace
Database altered.
SQL> oradebug setmypid; ---定位trace路径
Statement processed.
SQL> oradebug tracefile_name;
/rdcpc/oracpc/diag/rdbms/rdcpc/rdcpc/trace/rdcpc_ora_3655.trc
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.7.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
-bash-3.00$ more /rdcpc/oracpc/diag/rdbms/rdcpc/rdcpc/trace/rdcpc_ora_3655.trc
.................................................................
-- ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "RDCPC" NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 200
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 11680
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 (
'/cpcdata4/redologa/redo01a.log',
'/cpcdata5/redologb/redo01b.log'
) SIZE 200M,
GROUP 2 (
'/cpcdata4/redologa/redo02a.log',
'/cpcdata5/redologb/redo02b.log'
) SIZE 200M,
GROUP 3 (
'/cpcdata4/redologa/redo03a.log',
'/cpcdata5/redologb/redo03b.log'
) SIZE 200M,
GROUP 4 (
'/cpcdata4/redologa/redo04a.log',
'/cpcdata5/redologb/redo04b.log'
) SIZE 200M,
GROUP 5 (
'/cpcdata4/redologa/redo05a.log',
'/cpcdata5/redologb/redo05b.log'
) SIZE 200M,
GROUP 15 '/apps/redolog/redo15.log' SIZE 200M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/cpcdata1/data1/system01.dbf',
'/cpcdata1/data1/sysaux01.dbf',
'/cpcdata4/undo/undotbs01.dbf',
'/cpcdata1/data1/users01.dbf',
'/cpcdata2/data2/cpcbase01.dbf',
'/cpcdata2/data2/cpcbase_idx01.dbf',
'/cpcdata2/data2/cpcbase02.dbf',
........................................................................................
确认只有group 15的redo log是放在本地文件系统/apps下。
2.检查group 15的redo log 状态
SQL> desc v$log;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
GROUP# NUMBER
THREAD# NUMBER
SEQUENCE# NUMBER
BYTES NUMBER
MEMBERS NUMBER
ARCHIVED VARCHAR2(3)
STATUS VARCHAR2(16)
FIRST_CHANGE# NUMBER
FIRST_TIME DATE
SQL> select group#,members,archived,status from v$log;
GROUP# MEMBERS ARC STATUS
---------- ---------- --- ----------------
1 2 YES INACTIVE
2 2 YES INACTIVE
15 1 YES INACTIVE
4 2 YES INACTIVE
5 2 NO CURRENT
3 2 YES INACTIVE
6 rows selected.
确认group 15已有归档，且是inactive状态。
当在open DB时，数据库会检测控制文件中各文件是否存在，所以报找不到redo15.log文件的错误。
三.解决方法：
inactive状态且已归档的redo log可以在线drop，数据库不需要用到这些redo。
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 15;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
数据库迁移问题二：
一.问题描述：
原数据库存储划分迁移到备机后，重新建立oracle用户，并对oracle程序目录统一执行了chown oracpc:dba /rdcpc，启动数据库后，查看到alert.log中的大量如下报错:
WARNING: -------------------------------
WARNING: oradism did not start up correctly.
Dynamic ISM can not be locked.----------------------------------------
oradism creation failed for unknown reasons 0 8 1007
WARNING: -------------------------------
WARNING: oradism did not start up correctly.
Dynamic ISM can not be locked.--------------------
二.问题分析:
查看MOS，确认问题主要是Dynamic ISM文件的权限不正确，数据库中有设置max_sga_size参数，处理方法有两种：
一个是unset max_sga_size，另一个是更改oradism文件权限。
三.解决：
这里采用了更改文件权限的方法：
chown root $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oradism
chmod 06550 $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oradism
重启数据库后，alert.log中再没有报错。