2. MyBatis快速入门

 

1.引入依赖(pom.xml)

<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.38</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.2.8</version>
</dependency>

2.全局配置文件(mybatis-config.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- 根标签 -->
<configuration>
<properties>
    <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ssmdemo?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8&amp;allowMultiQueries=true"/>    <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="123456"/>
   </properties>

   <!-- 环境,可以配置多个,default:指定采用哪个环境 -->
   <environments default="test">
      <!-- id:唯一标识 -->
      <environment id="test">
         <!-- 事务管理器,JDBC类型的事务管理器 -->
         <transactionManager type="JDBC" />
         <!-- 数据源,池类型的数据源 -->
         <dataSource type="POOLED">
            <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
            <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ssmdemo"/>            <property name="username" value="root" />
            <property name="password" value="123456" />
         </dataSource>
      </environment>
      <environment id="development">
         <!-- 事务管理器,JDBC类型的事务管理器 -->
         <transactionManager type="JDBC" />
         <!-- 数据源,池类型的数据源 -->
         <dataSource type="POOLED">
            <property name="driver" value="${driver}" /> <!-- 配置了properties,所以可以直接引用 -->
            <property name="url" value="${url}" />
            <property name="username" value="${username}" />
            <property name="password" value="${password}" />
         </dataSource>
      </environment>
   </environments>
</configuration>

3.配置Map.xml(MyMapper.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- mapper:根标签,namespace:命名空间,随便写,一般保证命名空间唯一 -->
<mapper namespace="MyMapper">
   <!-- statement,内容:sql语句。id:唯一标识,随便写,在同一个命名空间下保持唯一
      resultType:sql语句查询结果集的封装类型,tb_user即为数据库中的表
    -->
   <select id="selectUser" resultType="com.zpc.mybatis.User">
      select * from tb_user where id = #{id}
   </select>
</mapper>

4.修改全局配置文件(mybatis-config.xml)

配上MyMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- 根标签 -->
<configuration>
   <mappers>
     <mapper resource="mappers/MyMapper.xml" />
   </mappers>
</configuration>

5.构建sqlSessionFactory(MybatisTest.java)

// 指定全局配置文件
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
// 读取配置文件
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
// 构建sqlSessionFactory
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);

6.打开sqlSession会话,并执行sql(MybatisTest.java)

// 获取sqlSession
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
// 操作CRUD,第一个参数:指定statement,规则:命名空间+“.”+statementId
// 第二个参数:指定传入sql的参数:这里是用户id
User user = sqlSession.selectOne("MyMapper.selectUser", 1);
System.out.println(user);

完整代码:MybatisTest.java

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.InputStream;

public class MybatisTest {
   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
      // 指定全局配置文件
      String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
      // 读取配置文件
      InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
      // 构建sqlSessionFactory
      SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
      // 获取sqlSession
      SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
      try {
         // 操作CRUD,第一个参数:指定statement,规则:命名空间+“.”+statementId
         // 第二个参数:指定传入sql的参数:这里是用户id
         User user = sqlSession.selectOne("MyMapper.selectUser", 1);
         System.out.println(user);
      } finally {
         sqlSession.close();
      }
   }
}

User.java

import lombok.Data;
import java.util.Date;
@Data
public class User {
    private String id;
    private String userName;
    private String password;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private Integer sex;
    private Date birthday;
    private String created;
    private String updated;
}

7.目录结构

2. MyBatis快速入门

8.MyBatis使用步骤总结

1)配置mybatis-config.xml 全局的配置文件 (1、数据源,2、外部的mapper)
2)创建SqlSessionFactory
3)通过SqlSessionFactory创建SqlSession对象
4)通过SqlSession操作数据库 CRUD
5)调用session.commit()提交事务
6)调用session.close()关闭会话

9.解决数据库字段名和实体类属性名不一致的问题

查询数据的时候,发现查不到userName的信息:

User(id=1, userName=null, password=123456, name=鹏程, age=22, sex=1, birthday=Sun Sep 02 00:00:00 CDT 1990, created=2020-04-19 11:14:40.0, updated=2020-04-19 11:14:40.0)

原因:数据库的字段名是user_name,POJO中的属性名字是userName
两端不一致,造成mybatis无法填充对应的字段信息。修改方法:在sql语句中使用别名。
解决方案1:在sql语句中使用别名:

<select id="queryUserById" resultType="com.zpc.mybatis.pojo.User">
select
tuser.id as id,
tuser.user_name as userName,
tuser.password as password,
tuser.name as name,
tuser.age as age,
tuser.birthday as birthday,
tuser.sex as sex,
tuser.created as created,
tuser.updated as updated
from
tb_user tuser
where tuser.id = #{id};
</select>

解决方案2: 参考后面的resultMap –mapper具体的配置的时候

解决方案3:开启驼峰匹配,在mybatis-config.xml配置文件加入下面配置

#注意放置位置<settings>
    <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
</settings>