详解vue项目中实现图片裁剪功能
演示地址
https://my729.github.io/picture-crop-demo/dist/#/
前言
- vue版本:3.6.3 https://cli.vuejs.org/zh/
- cropperjs: 1.5.1 https://github.com/fengyuanchen/cropperjs
- elementUI https://element.eleme.io/#/zh-CN
使用 cropperjs插件 和 原生canvas 两种方式实现图片裁剪功能
使用cropperjs插件
安装cropperjs
yarn install cropperjs
初始化一个canvas元素,并在上面绘制图片
<canvas :id="data.src" ref="canvas"></canvas>
// 在canvas上绘制图片 drawImg () { this.$nextTick(() => { // 获取canvas节点 let canvas = document.getElementById(this.data.src) if (canvas) { // 设置canvas的宽为canvas的父元素宽度,宽高比3:2 let parentEle = canvas.parentElement canvas.width = parentEle.offsetWidth canvas.height = 2 * parentEle.offsetWidth / 3 let ctx = canvas.getContext('2d') ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height) let img = new Image() img.crossOrigin = 'Anonymous' img.src = this.data.src img.onload = function () { ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height) } } }) }
如果遇到canvas跨域绘制图片报错,设置图片img.crossOrigin = 'Anonymous',并且服务器响应头设置Access-Control-Allow-Origin:*
创建cropperjs
// 引入 import Cropper from 'cropperjs' // 显示裁剪框 initCropper () { let cropper = new Cropper(this.$refs.canvas, { checkCrossOrigin: true, viewMode: 2, aspectRatio: 3 / 2 }) }
更多方法和属性,参考官网: https://github.com/fengyuanchen/cropperjs
具体实现,可以查看源码的cropper.vue 或 cropper.one.vue组件:
cropper.vue组件:https://github.com/MY729/picture-crop-demo/blob/master/src/components/cropper.vue
cropper.one.vue组件:https://github.com/MY729/picture-crop-demo/blob/master/src/components/cropper.one.vue
使用canvas实现图片裁剪
支持鼠标绘制裁剪框,并移动裁剪框
思路:
- 在canvas上绘制图片为背景
- 监听鼠标点击、移动、松开事件
canvas的isPointInPath()方法: 如果给定的点的坐标位于路径之内的话(包括路径的边),否则返回 false
具体实现可查看源码cropper.canvas.vue组件: https://github.com/MY729/picture-crop-demo/blob/master/src/components/cropper.canvas.vue
cropImg () { let canvas = document.getElementById(this.data.img_url) let ctx = canvas.getContext('2d') let img = new Image() img.onload = function () { ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height) } img.src = this.data.src let drag = false // 是否拖动矩形 let flag = false // 是否绘制矩形 let rectWidth = 0 // 绘制矩形的宽 let rectHeight = 0 // 绘制矩形的高 let clickX = 0 // 矩形开始绘制X坐标 let clickY = 0 // 矩形开始绘制Y坐标 let dragX = 0 // 当要拖动矩形点击时X坐标 let dragY = 0 // 当要拖动矩形点击时Y坐标 let newRectX = 0 // 拖动变化后矩形开始绘制的X坐标 let newRectY = 0 // 拖动变化后矩形开始绘制的Y坐标 // 鼠标按下 canvas.onmousedown = e => { // 每次点击前如果有绘制好的矩形框,通过路径绘制出来,用于下面的判断 ctx.beginPath() ctx.setLineDash([6, 6]) ctx.moveTo(newRectX, newRectY) ctx.lineTo(newRectX + rectWidth, newRectY) ctx.lineTo(newRectX + rectWidth, newRectY + rectHeight) ctx.lineTo(newRectX, newRectY + rectHeight) ctx.lineTo(newRectX, newRectY) ctx.strokeStyle = 'green' ctx.stroke() // 每次点击,通过判断鼠标点击的点在矩形框内还是外,来决定重新绘制还是移动矩形框 if (ctx.isPointInPath(e.offsetX, e.offsetY)) { drag = true dragX = e.offsetX dragY = e.offsetY clickX = newRectX clickY = newRectY } else { ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height) ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height) flag = true clickX = e.offsetX clickY = e.offsetY newRectX = e.offsetX newRectY = e.offsetY } } // 鼠标抬起 canvas.onmouseup = () => { if (flag) { flag = false this.sureCrop(clickX, clickY, rectWidth, rectHeight) } if (drag) { drag = false this.sureCrop(newRectX, newRectY, rectWidth, rectHeight) } } // 鼠标移动 canvas.onmousemove = (e) => { if (flag) { ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height) ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height) rectWidth = e.offsetX - clickX rectHeight = e.offsetY - clickY ctx.beginPath() ctx.strokeStyle = '#FF0000' ctx.strokeRect(clickX, clickY, rectWidth, rectHeight) ctx.closePath() } if (drag) { ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height) ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height) ctx.beginPath() newRectX = clickX + e.offsetX - dragX newRectY = clickY + e.offsetY - dragY ctx.strokeStyle = 'yellow' ctx.strokeRect(newRectX, newRectY, rectWidth, rectHeight) ctx.closePath() } } }, // 拿到裁剪后的参数,可自行处理图片 sureCrop (x, y, width, height) { let canvas = document.getElementById(this.data.img_url + 'after') // 设置canvas的宽为canvas的父元素宽度,宽高比3:2 let parentEle = canvas.parentElement canvas.width = parentEle.offsetWidth canvas.height = 2 * parentEle.offsetWidth / 3 let ctx = canvas.getContext('2d') let img = new Image() img.src = this.data.src img.onload = function () { ctx.beginPath() ctx.moveTo(x, y) ctx.lineTo(x + width, y) ctx.lineTo(x + width, y + height) ctx.lineTo(x, y + height) ctx.clip() ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height) } ctx.stroke() }
源码地址
https://github.com/MY729/picture-crop-demo
可以直接clone项目,本地运行查看代码和效果
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