Linux驱动入门——几个简单的Linux 模块

模块一:

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>

MODULE_LICENSE ("GPL");

int init_module (void)
{
  printk (KERN_INFO "Hello world\n");
  return 0;
}

void cleanup_module (void)
{
  printk (KERN_INFO "Goodbye world\n");
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

编写相关的makefile文件

ifeq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)

#KERNELDIR ?= /home/lht/kernel2.6/linux-2.6.14

KERNELDIR ?= /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
PWD := $(shell pwd)

modules:
 $(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules

modules_install:
 $(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules_install

clean:
 rm -rf *.o *~ core .depend .*.cmd *.ko *.mod.c .tmp_versions

.PHONY: modules modules_install clean

else
    obj-m := hello.o
endif

makefile 文件的编写相对较复杂一些!但要自己尝试,逐渐攻破,为以后的开发做准备!

因为模块是要添加到内核只能过去的,因此,在权限方面应该是超级用户 : root

相关的编译命令如下:

首先:make

其次:通过insmod命令将模块添加到内核中

         #insmod hello.ko  //ko是模块的后缀。

再次:通过lsmod命令查看是否添加模块到内核中

          #lsmod | grep hello

最后: 通过rmmod删除添加的模块

        #rmmod hello

结束后,查看源码,适当修改,掌握实验内容。

 

一下的几个模块只需改hello.c源文件,不需要修改makefile文件,同样的方式编译即可。

 

模块二:


#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/init.h>

MODULE_LICENSE ("GPL");

static int __init hello_2_init (void)
{
 printk (KERN_INFO "Hello world\n");
 return 0;
}

static void __exit hello_2_exit (void)
{
 printk (KERN_INFO "Goodbye world\n");
}

module_init (hello_2_init);
module_exit (hello_2_exit);


模块三:


#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/init.h>

#define DRIVER_AUTHOR "Foo bar"
#define DRIVER_DESC   "A sample driver"

MODULE_LICENSE ("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR (DRIVER_AUTHOR);
MODULE_DESCRIPTION (DRIVER_DESC);
MODULE_SUPPORTED_DEVICE ("TestDevice");

static int __init hello_2_init (void)
{
 printk (KERN_INFO "Hello world\n");
 return 0;
}

static void __exit hello_2_exit (void)
{
 printk (KERN_INFO "Goodbye world\n");
}

module_init (hello_2_init);
module_exit (hello_2_exit);


模块四:

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/stat.h>

#define DRIVER_AUTHOR "Foobar"
#define DRIVER_DESC   "A sample driver"

MODULE_LICENSE ("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR (DRIVER_AUTHOR);
MODULE_DESCRIPTION (DRIVER_DESC);
MODULE_SUPPORTED_DEVICE ("TestDevice");

static short int myshort = 1;
static int myint = 420;
static long int mylong = 9999;
static char *mystring = "blah";
static int array[2]= {-1, -1};
static int arr_argc = 0;

module_param (myshort, short, 0000);
MODULE_PARM_DESC (myshort, "A short integer");

module_param (myint, int, 0000);
MODULE_PARM_DESC (myint, "An integer");

module_param (mylong, long, 0000);
MODULE_PARM_DESC (mylong, "A long integer");

module_param (mystring, charp, 0000);
MODULE_PARM_DESC (mystring, "A character string");

module_param_array (array, int, &arr_argc, 0000);
//module_param_array (array, int, arr_argc, 0000); //for kernel<2.6.10
MODULE_PARM_DESC (array, "An array of integers");

static int __init hello_2_init (void)
{
 int i;

 printk (KERN_INFO "myshort is a short integer: %hd\n", myshort);
 printk (KERN_INFO "myint is an integer: %d\n", myint);
 printk (KERN_INFO "mylong is a long integer: %ld\n", mylong);
 printk (KERN_INFO "mystring is a string: %s\n\n", mystring);

 for (i=0; i<arr_argc; i++)
  printk (KERN_INFO "array[%d] = %d\n",i, array[i]);
 printk (KERN_INFO "Got %d arguments in array\n", arr_argc);

 return 0;
}

static void __exit hello_2_exit (void)
{
 printk (KERN_INFO "hello driver cleaned up\n");
}

module_init (hello_2_init);
module_exit (hello_2_exit);


从上面的模块内容可以看出,源文件一直在改变,并且在功能上完善。

以上几个实例仅供参考。

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