nginx服务器搭建和配置详解

一、安装编译工具及库文件

依赖库安装，一定要按照顺序安装：

(1) 如果没有安装c++编译环境

yum install gcc-c++

(2) ssl 功能需要 openssl 库

wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.0f.tar.gz
tar -zxvf openssl-1.1.0f.tar.gz
cd openssl-1.1.0f
./config make && make install

(3) rewrite 模块需要 pcre 库

wget https://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/pcre-8.01.tar.gz
tar -zxvf pcre-8.01.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.01
./configure make && make install

(4) gzip 模块需要 zlib 库

wget https://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/libpng/zlib/1.2.11/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.11
./configure make && make install

(4) nginx安装

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.12.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx make && make install

二、设置依赖库连接

如果输入语句：./usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx出现错误：

error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

可输入：

whereis libpcre.so.1

结果：libpcre.so: /lib64/libpcre.so.1 /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.0

再使用ln命令，将libpcre.so.0，libpcre.so和libpcre.so.1连接到lib64目录下：

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.0 /lib64

三、Nginx 配置

创建 Nginx 运行使用的用户 www：

/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

配置ngix.conf, 输入：vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf的内容修改为：

user www www;
worker_processes 2;

error_log ../error.log;
pid    /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events 
{
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 65535;
}


http 
{
  include    mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;

  log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
           '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
           '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

 server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
 client_header_buffer_size 32k;
 large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
 client_max_body_size 8m;

 sendfile on;
 tcp_nopush on;
 keepalive_timeout 60;
 tcp_nodelay on;
 fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
 fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
 fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
 fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
 fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
 fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
 fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
 gzip on; 
 gzip_min_length 1k;
 gzip_buffers 4 16k;
 gzip_http_version 1.0;
 gzip_comp_level 2;
 gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
 gzip_vary on;
 server 
 {
    listen    80;//端口
    server_name localhost;//域名
    index test.html index.htm index.php;//解析网页名称
    root /usr/local/nginx/html; #站点目录
  location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
  {
   #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
   fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
   fastcgi_index index.php;
   include fastcgi.conf;
  }

  location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$
  {
   expires 30d;
 # access_log off;
  }
  location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
  {
   expires 15d;
  # access_log off;
  }
  access_log off;
 }

}

检查配置是否正确：

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

启动：/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

监听进程：ps -ef|grep nginx

访问服务器IP: 192.168.1.23

问题：配置正确时，也会出现IP地址无法访问的情况：

可以通过阿里云服务器，esc服务器->安全组->配置规则->添加规则，进行配置即可。