.NET CORE(C#) WPF简单菜单MVVM绑定

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2020-04-22

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.NET CORE(C#) WPF简单菜单MVVM绑定

阅读导航

本文背景
代码实现
本文参考
源码

1. 本文背景

WPF中垂直导航菜单大家应该都常用，本文介绍使用MVVM的方式怎么绑定菜单，真的很简单。

.NET CORE(C#) WPF简单菜单MVVM绑定

2. 代码实现

使用 .Net Core 3.1 创建名为 “MenuMVVM” 的WPF模板项目，添加两个Nuget库：MaterialDesignThemes和MaterialDesignColors。

解决方案目录结构：

MenuMVVM
- Models
  - ItemCount.cs
  - MenuItem.cs
- ViewModels
  - MainViewModel.cs
- Views
  - MainView.xaml
    - MainView.xaml.cs
- App.xaml

2.1 引入MD控件样式

文件【App.xaml】，在StartupUri中设置启动的视图【Views/MainView.xaml】，并在【Application.Resources】节点增加MD控件4个样式文件

<Application x:Class="MenuMVVM.App"
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             StartupUri="Views/MainView.xaml">
    <Application.Resources>
        <ResourceDictionary>
            <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
                <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf;component/Themes/MaterialDesignTheme.Dark.xaml" />
                <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf;component/Themes/MaterialDesignTheme.Defaults.xaml" />
                <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MaterialDesignColors;component/Themes/Recommended/Primary/MaterialDesignColor.Blue.xaml" />
                <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MaterialDesignColors;component/Themes/Recommended/Accent/MaterialDesignColor.LightBlue.xaml" />
            </ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
        </ResourceDictionary>
    </Application.Resources>
</Application>

2.2 Models

两个简单的菜单实体类：

2.2.1 菜单新文件信息

文件【ItemCount.cs】，定义菜单项右侧的新文件显示个数及显示背景色：

using System.Windows.Media;

namespace MenuMVVM.Models
{
    public class ItemCount
    {
        public Brush Color { get; private set; }
        public int Value { get; private set; }

        public ItemCount(Brush color, int value)
        {
            Color = color;
            Value = value;
        }
    }
}

2.2.2 菜单项信息

文件【MenuItem.cs】，定义菜单项展示的名称、图片、新文件信息：

using MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf;
using System;

namespace MenuMVVM.Models
{
    public class MenuItem
    {
        public String Name { get; private set; }
        public PackIconKind Icon { get; private set; }
        public ItemCount Count { get; private set; }

        public MenuItem(String name, PackIconKind icon, ItemCount count)
        {
            Name = name;
            Icon = icon;
            Count = count;
        }
    }
}

其中菜单项图标使用MD控件自带的字体图标库，通过枚举【PackIconKind】可以很方便的使用，该库提供的字体图标非常丰富，目前有4836个（枚举值有7883个），
下面是最后几个：

//
// 摘要:
//     List of available icons for use with MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf.PackIcon.
//
// 言论：
//     All icons sourced from Material Design Icons Font - https://materialdesignicons.com/
//     - in accordance of https://github.com/Templarian/MaterialDesign/blob/master/license.txt.
public enum PackIconKind
{
    .
    .
    .
    ZodiacPisces = 4832,
    HoroscopePisces = 4832,
    ZodiacSagittarius = 4833,
    HoroscopeSagittarius = 4833,
    ZodiacScorpio = 4834,
    HoroscopeScorpio = 4834,
    ZodiacTaurus = 4835,
    HoroscopeTaurus = 4835,
    ZodiacVirgo = 4836,
    HoroscopeVirgo = 4836
}

2.3 ViewModels

文件【MainViewModel.cs】，只定义了简单的几个属性：窗体展示Logo、菜单绑定列表。属性定义比较简单，因为视图MainView.xaml展示内容不多：

using MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf;
using MenuMVVM.Models;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Windows.Media;

namespace MenuMVVM.ViewModels
{
    public class MainViewModel
    {
        public string Logo { get; set; }
        public List<MenuItem> LeftMenus { get; set; }
        public MainViewModel()
        {
            Logo = "https://img.dotnet9.com/logo-foot.png";

            LeftMenus = new List<MenuItem>();
            LeftMenus.Add(new MenuItem("图片", PackIconKind.Image, new ItemCount(Brushes.Black, 2)));
            LeftMenus.Add(new MenuItem("音乐", PackIconKind.Music, new ItemCount(Brushes.DarkBlue, 4)));
            LeftMenus.Add(new MenuItem("视频", PackIconKind.Video, new ItemCount(Brushes.DarkGreen, 7)));
            LeftMenus.Add(new MenuItem("文档", PackIconKind.Folder, new ItemCount(Brushes.DarkOrange, 9)));
        }
    }
}

2.4 Views

文件【MainView.xaml】作为唯一的视图，只有31行布局代码，显示了一个Logo、菜单列表：

<Window x:Class="MenuMVVM.Views.MainView"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:materialDesign="http://materialdesigninxaml.net/winfx/xaml/themes"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="Dotnet9" Height="600" Width="1080" Background="#FF36235F" MouseLeftButtonDown="Window_MouseLeftButtonDown"
        WindowStyle="None" ResizeMode="NoResize" WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen">
    <Grid>
        <StackPanel Width="200" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Background="#FF472076">
            <Grid Height="150" Background="White">
                <Image Source="{Binding Logo}"/>
            </Grid>
            <ListView ItemsSource="{Binding LeftMenus}">
                <ListView.ItemTemplate>
                    <DataTemplate>
                        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Height="30">
                            <materialDesign:PackIcon Kind="{Binding Path=Icon}" Width="20" Height="20" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
                            <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Name}" Margin="20 0" FontSize="15" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
                            <Grid VerticalAlignment="Center">
                                <Rectangle Width="30" Height="15" RadiusY="7.15" RadiusX="7.15" Fill="{Binding Path=Count.Color}" Stroke="White" StrokeThickness="0.7"/>
                                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Count.Value}" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="9"/>
                            </Grid>
                        </StackPanel>
                    </DataTemplate>
                </ListView.ItemTemplate>
            </ListView>
        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Window>

文件【MainView.xaml.cs】作为视图【MainView.xaml】的后台，绑定ViewModel,并实现鼠标左键拖动窗体功能：

using MenuMVVM.ViewModels;
using System.Windows;

namespace MenuMVVM.Views
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 演示主窗体，只用于简单的绑定ListView控件
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainView : Window
    {
        public MainView()
        {
            this.DataContext = new MainViewModel();
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Window_MouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, System.Windows.Input.MouseButtonEventArgs e)
        {
            DragMove();
        }
    }
}