LeetCode 156 Binary Tree Upside Down 上下翻转二叉树
LeetCode 156 Binary Tree Upside Down
Given a binary tree where all the right nodes are either leaf nodes with a sibling (a left node that shares the same parent node) or empty, flip it upside down and turn it into a tree where the original right nodes turned into left leaf nodes. Return the new root.
Example:
Input: [1,2,3,4,5]
1 / \ 2 3 / \ 4 5
Output: return the root of the binary tree [4,5,2,#,#,3,1]
翻转以后如下:
4 / \ 5 2 / \ 3 1
解题思路:
翻转的形式一开始不是很清楚,但是discuss里面的高票答案给了一个很好的解释。看例子,树的左边最深的底层是4,4是新的root。对于每个root node,将链接右孩子的指针去掉,将root node变为当前左孩子的left node,root node成为左孩子的right node。
1 / x 2 -- 3 / x 4 -- 5 ^ new root
递归的写法:
public TreeNode upsideDownBinaryTree(TreeNode root) { if (root == null || root.left == null) { return root; } //递归调用得到新的root,并且沿途改变结构。 TreeNode newRoot = upsideDownBinaryTree(root.left); root.left.left = root.right; root.left.right = root; //千万记得将root node 的左右两边设为null root.left = null; root.right = null; return newRoot; }
遍历的解法
遍历的解法需要四个指针,如图所示,每次先update next,然后对swap上一个node的右孩子和这个node的左孩子,所以每次我们需要一个temp来记录上一个node的右边孩子。
prev -> 1 / x curr -> 2 -- 3 <-temp / x next-> 4 -- 5 ^ new root
代码如下
public TreeNode upsideDownBinaryTree(TreeNode root) { //iterative TreeNode curr = root; TreeNode prev = null; TreeNode next = null; TreeNode temp = null; while(curr != null) { next = curr.left; //swap nodes, we need to keep a temp to track the right node curr.left = temp; temp = curr.right; curr.right = prev; prev = curr; curr = next; } return prev;
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