用element的upload组件实现多图片上传和压缩的示例代码
我用vuex做状态管理,七牛云做图床。
项目地址:多图片上传组件
效果展示
项目执行流程
首先,让我们来分析一下实现多图片上传的流程:
- 前端向后端请求用来上传图片至服务器的token
- 后端为每张要上传的图片生成一个图片名,并用这个图片名生成token
- 后端将图片名和token返回给前端
- 前端拿到token以后,将图片上传至服务器
- 上传成功以后,前端将图片名发给后端
- 后端将图片名存入数据库
项目实现过程
1.我们要利用element-ui的Upload组件布置界面:
//upload.vue <el-upload :action= domain ref="upload" accept='image/jpeg,image/gif,image/png' :auto-upload="false" :http-request="upqiniu" :limit="limit" :multiple="multiple" list-type="picture-card" :before-upload="beforeUpload" :on-preview="handlePictureCardPreview" :on-change="handldChange" :on-remove="handleRemove"> <i class="el-icon-plus"></i> </el-upload> <el-dialog :visible.sync="dialogVisible"> <img width="100%" :src="dialogImageUrl" alt=""> </el-dialog>
domain
指的是我们的上传地址,upqiniu
是我们自定义的上传方法,beforeUpload
是图片上传前执行的方法。关于该组件的其他用法可以在element的官方文档查阅:Upload 上传
2.对图片进行压缩
// upload.vue imgQuality: 0.5, //压缩图片的质量 dataURItoBlob(dataURI, type) { var binary = atob(dataURI.split(',')[1]); var array = []; for(var i = 0; i < binary.length; i++) { array.push(binary.charCodeAt(i)); } return new Blob([new Uint8Array(array)], {type: type}); }, beforeUpload(param) { //对图片进行压缩 const imgSize = param.size / 1024 / 1024 if(imgSize > 1) { const _this = this return new Promise(resolve => { const reader = new FileReader() const image = new Image() image.onload = (imageEvent) => { const canvas = document.createElement('canvas'); const context = canvas.getContext('2d'); const width = image.width * _this.imgQuality const height = image.height * _this.imgQuality canvas.width = width; canvas.height = height; context.clearRect(0, 0, width, height); context.drawImage(image, 0, 0, width, height); const dataUrl = canvas.toDataURL(param.type); const blobData = _this.dataURItoBlob(dataUrl, param.type); resolve(blobData) } reader.onload = (e => { image.src = e.target.result; }); reader.readAsDataURL(param); }) } }
压缩图片实现起来比较简单。就是在beforeUpload()方法里面return一个Promise,Promise里面我们把图片的长度和宽度按比例进行缩小,并把图片画到canvas上,然后把canvas转成一个blod对象。
3.前端向后端请求上传token。
//upload.vue upqiniu(param) { let filetype = '' if (param.file.type === 'image/png') { filetype = 'png' } else { filetype = 'jpg' } const formdata = { filetype: filetype, param: param } this.actionGetUploadToken(formdata) } // vuex/action.js actionGetUploadToken({commit}, obj) { const msg = { filetype: obj.filetype } usersApi.getImgUploadToken(msg).then((response) => { if(response.stateCode === 200) { commit('uploadImg', {'token': response.token, 'key': response.key, 'param': obj.param}) } }, (error) => { console.log(`获取图片上传凭证错误:${error}`) commit('uploadImgError') }) },
4.后端生成上传token,并发给前端,我用Python实现。
filetype = data.get('filetype') # 构建鉴权对象 q = Auth(configs.get('qiniu').get('AK'), configs.get('qiniu').get('SK')) # 生成图片名 salt = ''.join(random.sample(string.ascii_letters + string.digits, 8)) key = salt + '_' + str(int(time.time())) + '.' + filetype # 生成上传 Token,可以指定过期时间等 token = q.upload_token(configs.get('qiniu').get('bucket_name'), key, 3600) return Response({"stateCode": 200, "token": token, "key": key}, 200)
5.前端接收token,开始向服务器上传图片
// vuex/state.js imgName: [], //图片名数组 // vuex/mutations.js uploadImg(state, msg) { const config = { useCdnDomain: true, region: qiniu.region.z2 } var putExtra = { fname: msg.param.file.name, params: {}, mimeType: ["image/png", "image/jpeg", "image/gif"] }; var observer = { next(res){ }, error(err){ console.log(`图片上传错误信息:${err.message}`) }, complete(res){ console.log(`图片上传成功:${res.key}`) state.imgName.push(res.key) } } var observable = qiniu.upload(msg.param.file, msg.key, msg.token, putExtra, config) //上传开始 var subscription = observable.subscribe(observer) },
6.上传成功以后,将图片名存入数据库
// 用到upload.vue的界面 this.imgsList = this.imgName.map(key => `http://${this.qiniuaddr}/${key}`) switch(this.imgsList.length) { case 4: this.img4 = this.imgsList[3] case 3: this.img3 = this.imgsList[2] case 2: this.img2 = this.imgsList[1] case 1: this.img1 = this.imgsList[0] } let obj = { goods_img1: this.img1, goods_img2:this.img2, goods_img3:this.img3, goods_img4:this.img4 } //将信息发送给后端 this.actionPublish(obj)
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