使用Java调用百度搜索
如何利用Java来调用百度搜索,更多细节请到github上查看search
自己没搜索引擎,又想要大规模的数据源,怎么办?可以对百度搜索善加利用,以小搏大,站在巨人的肩膀上。有很多的应用场景可以很巧妙地借助百度搜索来实现,比如网站的新闻采集,比如技术、品牌的新闻跟踪,比如知识库的收集,比如人机问答系统等,我之前做的一个准确率达百分之九十几的人机问答系统的数据源,其中一部分就是充分利用了百度搜索。我们可以很容易地扩展到其他的搜索引擎,使用JSoup+CSSPath技术,轻松获取页面的自定义的内容。
package org.apdplat.search; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.regex.Matcher; import java.util.regex.Pattern; import org.jsoup.Jsoup; import org.jsoup.nodes.Document; import org.jsoup.nodes.Element; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; public class JSoupBaiduSearcher extends AbstractBaiduSearcher{ private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JSoupBaiduSearcher.class); @Override public SearchResult search(String keyword) { return search(keyword, 1); } @Override public SearchResult search(String keyword, int page) { int pageSize = 10; //百度搜索结果每页大小为10,pn参数代表的不是页数,而是返回结果的开始数 //如获取第一页则pn=0,第二页则pn=10,第三页则pn=20,以此类推,抽象出模式:(page-1)*pageSize String url = "http://www.baidu.com/s?pn="+(page-1)*pageSize+"&wd="+keyword; SearchResult searchResult = new SearchResult(); searchResult.setPage(page); List<Webpage> webpages = new ArrayList<>(); try { Document document = Jsoup.connect(url).get(); //获取搜索结果数目 int total = getBaiduSearchResultCount(document); searchResult.setTotal(total); int len = 10; if (total < 1) { return null; } //如果搜索到的结果不足一页 if (total < 10) { len = total; } for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { String titleCssQuery = "html body div div div div#content_left div#" + (i + 1 + (page-1)*pageSize) + ".result.c-container h3.t a"; String summaryCssQuery = "html body div div div div#content_left div#" + (i + 1 + (page-1)*pageSize) + ".result.c-container div.c-abstract"; LOG.debug("titleCssQuery:" + titleCssQuery); LOG.debug("summaryCssQuery:" + summaryCssQuery); Element titleElement = document.select(titleCssQuery).first(); String href = ""; String titleText = ""; if(titleElement != null){ titleText = titleElement.text(); href = titleElement.attr("href"); }else{ //处理百度百科 titleCssQuery = "html body div#out div#in div#wrapper div#container div#content_left div#1.result-op h3.t a"; summaryCssQuery = "html body div#out div#in div#wrapper div#container div#content_left div#1.result-op div p"; LOG.debug("处理百度百科 titleCssQuery:" + titleCssQuery); LOG.debug("处理百度百科 summaryCssQuery:" + summaryCssQuery); titleElement = document.select(titleCssQuery).first(); if(titleElement != null){ titleText = titleElement.text(); href = titleElement.attr("href"); } } LOG.debug(titleText); Element summaryElement = document.select(summaryCssQuery).first(); //处理百度知道 if(summaryElement == null){ summaryCssQuery = summaryCssQuery.replace("div.c-abstract","font"); LOG.debug("处理百度知道 summaryCssQuery:" + summaryCssQuery); summaryElement = document.select(summaryCssQuery).first(); } String summaryText = ""; if(summaryElement != null){ summaryText = summaryElement.text(); } LOG.debug(summaryText); if (titleText != null && !"".equals(titleText.trim()) && summaryText != null && !"".equals(summaryText.trim())) { Webpage webpage = new Webpage(); webpage.setTitle(titleText); webpage.setUrl(href); webpage.setSummary(summaryText); if (href != null) { String content = Tools.getHTMLContent(href); webpage.setContent(content); } else { LOG.info("页面正确提取失败"); } webpages.add(webpage); } else { LOG.error("获取搜索结果列表项出错:" + titleText + " - " + summaryText); } } } catch (IOException ex) { LOG.error("搜索出错",ex); } searchResult.setWebpages(webpages);; return searchResult; } /** * 获取百度搜索结果数 * 获取如下文本并解析数字: * 百度为您找到相关结果约13,200个 * @param document 文档 * @return 结果数 */ private int getBaiduSearchResultCount(Document document){ String cssQuery = "html body div div div div.nums"; LOG.debug("total cssQuery: " + cssQuery); Element totalElement = document.select(cssQuery).first(); String totalText = totalElement.text(); LOG.info("搜索结果文本:" + totalText); String regEx="[^0-9]"; Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regEx); Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(totalText); totalText = matcher.replaceAll(""); int total = Integer.parseInt(totalText); LOG.info("搜索结果数:" + total); return total; } public static void main(String[] args) { Searcher searcher = new JSoupBaiduSearcher(); SearchResult searchResult = searcher.search("杨尚川",1); List<Webpage> webpages = searchResult.getWebpages(); if (webpages != null) { int i = 1; LOG.info("搜索结果 当前第 " + searchResult.getPage() + " 页,页面大小为:" + searchResult.getPageSize() + " 共有结果数:" + searchResult.getTotal()); for (Webpage webpage : webpages) { LOG.info("搜索结果 " + (i++) + " :"); LOG.info("标题:" + webpage.getTitle()); LOG.info("URL:" + webpage.getUrl()); LOG.info("摘要:" + webpage.getSummary()); LOG.info("正文:" + webpage.getContent()); LOG.info(""); } } else { LOG.error("没有搜索到结果"); } } }
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