KnockoutJS 3.X API 第四章之事件event绑定
目的
event绑定即为事件绑定,即当触发相关DOM事件的时候回调函数。例如keypress,mouseover或者mouseout等
例如:
Mouse over me
源码:
<div> <div data-bind="event: { mouseover: enableDetails, mouseout: disableDetails }"> Mouse over me </div> <div data-bind="visible: detailsEnabled"> Details </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> var viewModel = { detailsEnabled: ko.observable(false), enableDetails: function() { this.detailsEnabled(true); }, disableDetails: function() { this.detailsEnabled(false); } }; ko.applyBindings(viewModel); </script>
如上述例子,当鼠标指针移入或者移出Mouse over me时,对于detailsEnabled的值设定true或者false。进而控制Details的显示和隐藏。
和click一样,event后边所跟的格式一般为:event { mouseover: someObject.someFunction },其中的回调函数并不一定非要是视图模型的函数,他可以时任何对象的函数。
备注1:传递一个当前项目作为参数
London
Paris
Tokyo
You seem to be interested in:
源码:
<ul data-bind="foreach: places"> <li data-bind="text: $data, event: { mouseover: $parent.logMouseOver }"> </li> </ul> <p>You seem to be interested in: <span data-bind="text: lastInterest"> </span></p> <script type="text/javascript"> function MyViewModel() { var self = this; self.lastInterest = ko.observable(); self.places = ko.observableArray(['London', 'Paris', 'Tokyo']); // The current item will be passed as the first parameter, so we know which place was hovered over self.logMouseOver = function(place) { self.lastInterest(place); } } ko.applyBindings(new MyViewModel()); </script>
需要注意,如果你使用的是嵌套绑定上下文,比如foreach或者with,而需要处理的回调函数在视图模型中或者在父模型中,需要使用$parent或者$root前缀来进行绑定
与click绑定一样,给this取个别名比较好。
备注2:传递多个参数
此处请参考click绑定:
<div data-bind="event: { mouseover: myFunction }"> Mouse over me </div> <script type="text/javascript"> var viewModel = { myFunction: function(data, event) { if (event.shiftKey) { //do something different when user has shift key down } else { //do normal action } } }; ko.applyBindings(viewModel); </script>
封装多参数示例:
<div data-bind="event: { mouseover: function(data, event) { myFunction('param1', 'param2', data, event) } }"> Mouse over me </div>
使用bind函数示例:
<button data-bind="event: { mouseover: myFunction.bind($data, 'param1', 'param2') }"> Click me </button>
备注3:允许默认动作
同click绑定一样,ko禁止默认动作,比如你将event的keypress事件绑定到一个Input元素上,那这个input元素输入的值将会被keypress回调占用而无法输入任何信息。解决方案很简单,就是在回调函数中返回true即可。
备注4:防止冒泡事件
如果要防止冒泡事件,可以直接在事件绑定后附加一个youreventBubble绑定。将该附加绑定设置为false则禁止冒泡事件的发生,例如:
<div data-bind="event: { mouseover: myDivHandler }"> <button data-bind="event: { mouseover: myButtonHandler }, mouseoverBubble: false"> Click me </button> </div>
备注5:Jquery互动