SpringBoot系列教程之RedisTemplate 基本配置说明文档
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在Spring的应用中,redis可以算是基础操作了。那么想要玩转redis,我们需要知道哪些知识点呢?
- redis配置,默认,非默认,集群,多实例,连接池参数等
- redis读写操作,RedisTemplate的基本使用姿势
- 几种序列化方式对比
本篇博文为redis系列的开篇,将介绍最基本的配置
原文链接: 181029-SpringBoot高级篇Redis之基本配置
I. redis基本配置
1. 默认配置
最简单的使用其实开箱即可用,添加依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency>
本机启动redis,一切采用默认的配置 (host:127.0.0.1, port:6379, 无密码)
然后就可以愉快的玩耍了,可以直接注入redisTemplate
实例,进行各种读写操作
@SpringBootApplication public class Application { public Application(RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate) { redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("hello", "world"); String ans = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("hello"); Assert.isTrue("world".equals(ans)); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); } }
2. 自定义配置参数
前面是默认的配置参数,在实际的使用中,一般都会修改这些默认的配置项,如果我的应用中,只有一个redis,那么完全可以只修改默认的配置参数
修改配置文件: application.yml
spring: redis: host: 127.0.0.1 port: 6379 password: database: 0 lettuce: pool: max-active: 32 max-wait: 300ms max-idle: 16 min-idle: 8
使用和前面没有什么区别,直接通过注入redisTemplate
来操作即可,需要额外注意的是设置了连接池的相关参数,需要额外引入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId> </dependency>
3. 多redis配置
依赖多个不同的redis,也就是说我的项目需要从多个redis实例中获取数据,这种时候,就不能直接使用默认的,需要我们自己来声明ConnectionFactory
和 redisTemplate
配置如下
spring: redis: host: 127.0.0.1 port: 6379 password: lettuce: pool: max-active: 32 max-wait: 300 max-idle: 16 min-idle: 8 database: 0 local-redis: host: 127.0.0.1 port: 6379 database: 0 password: lettuce: pool: max-active: 16 max-wait: 100 max-idle: 8 min-idle: 4
对应的配置类,采用Lettuce,基本设置如下,套路都差不多,先读取配置,初始化ConnectionFactory
,然后创建redisTemplate
实例,设置连接工厂
@Configuration public class RedisAutoConfig { @Bean public LettuceConnectionFactory defaultLettuceConnectionFactory(RedisStandaloneConfiguration defaultRedisConfig, GenericObjectPoolConfig defaultPoolConfig) { LettuceClientConfiguration clientConfig = LettucePoolingClientConfiguration.builder().commandTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(100)) .poolConfig(defaultPoolConfig).build(); return new LettuceConnectionFactory(defaultRedisConfig, clientConfig); } @Bean public RedisTemplate<String, String> defaultRedisTemplate( LettuceConnectionFactory defaultLettuceConnectionFactory) { RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>(); redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(defaultLettuceConnectionFactory); redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet(); return redisTemplate; } @Bean @ConditionalOnBean(name = "localRedisConfig") public LettuceConnectionFactory localLettuceConnectionFactory(RedisStandaloneConfiguration localRedisConfig, GenericObjectPoolConfig localPoolConfig) { LettuceClientConfiguration clientConfig = LettucePoolingClientConfiguration.builder().commandTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(100)) .poolConfig(localPoolConfig).build(); return new LettuceConnectionFactory(localRedisConfig, clientConfig); } @Bean @ConditionalOnBean(name = "localLettuceConnectionFactory") public RedisTemplate<String, String> localRedisTemplate(LettuceConnectionFactory localLettuceConnectionFactory) { RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>(); redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(localLettuceConnectionFactory); redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet(); return redisTemplate; } @Configuration @ConditionalOnProperty(name = "host", prefix = "spring.local-redis") public static class LocalRedisConfig { @Value("${spring.local-redis.host:127.0.0.1}") private String host; @Value("${spring.local-redis.port:6379}") private Integer port; @Value("${spring.local-redis.password:}") private String password; @Value("${spring.local-redis.database:0}") private Integer database; @Value("${spring.local-redis.lettuce.pool.max-active:8}") private Integer maxActive; @Value("${spring.local-redis.lettuce.pool.max-idle:8}") private Integer maxIdle; @Value("${spring.local-redis.lettuce.pool.max-wait:-1}") private Long maxWait; @Value("${spring.local-redis.lettuce.pool.min-idle:0}") private Integer minIdle; @Bean public GenericObjectPoolConfig localPoolConfig() { GenericObjectPoolConfig config = new GenericObjectPoolConfig(); config.setMaxTotal(maxActive); config.setMaxIdle(maxIdle); config.setMinIdle(minIdle); config.setMaxWaitMillis(maxWait); return config; } @Bean public RedisStandaloneConfiguration localRedisConfig() { RedisStandaloneConfiguration config = new RedisStandaloneConfiguration(); config.setHostName(host); config.setPassword(RedisPassword.of(password)); config.setPort(port); config.setDatabase(database); return config; } } @Configuration public static class DefaultRedisConfig { @Value("${spring.redis.host:127.0.0.1}") private String host; @Value("${spring.redis.port:6379}") private Integer port; @Value("${spring.redis.password:}") private String password; @Value("${spring.redis.database:0}") private Integer database; @Value("${spring.redis.lettuce.pool.max-active:8}") private Integer maxActive; @Value("${spring.redis.lettuce.pool.max-idle:8}") private Integer maxIdle; @Value("${spring.redis.lettuce.pool.max-wait:-1}") private Long maxWait; @Value("${spring.redis.lettuce.pool.min-idle:0}") private Integer minIdle; @Bean public GenericObjectPoolConfig defaultPoolConfig() { GenericObjectPoolConfig config = new GenericObjectPoolConfig(); config.setMaxTotal(maxActive); config.setMaxIdle(maxIdle); config.setMinIdle(minIdle); config.setMaxWaitMillis(maxWait); return config; } @Bean public RedisStandaloneConfiguration defaultRedisConfig() { RedisStandaloneConfiguration config = new RedisStandaloneConfiguration(); config.setHostName(host); config.setPassword(RedisPassword.of(password)); config.setPort(port); config.setDatabase(database); return config; } } }
测试类如下,简单的演示下两个template的读写
@SpringBootApplication public class Application { public Application(RedisTemplate<String, String> localRedisTemplate, RedisTemplate<String, String> defaultRedisTemplate) throws InterruptedException { // 10s的有效时间 localRedisTemplate.delete("key"); localRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("key", "value", 100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS); String ans = localRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("key"); System.out.println("value".equals(ans)); TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(200); ans = localRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("key"); System.out.println("value".equals(ans) + " >> false ans should be null! ans=[" + ans + "]"); defaultRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("key", "value", 100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS); ans = defaultRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("key"); System.out.println(ans); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); } }
上面的代码执行演示如下
上面的演示为动图,抓一下重点:
- 注意
localRedisTemplate
,defaultRedisTemplate
两个对象不相同(看debug窗口后面的@xxx
) - 同样两个
redisTemplate
的ConnectionFactory
也是两个不同的实例(即分别对应前面配置类中的两个Factory) 执行后输出的结果正如我们预期的redis操作
- 塞值,马上取出没问题
- 失效后,再查询,返回null
- 最后输出异常日志,提示如下
Description: Parameter 0 of method redisTemplate in org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration required a single bean, but 2 were found: - defaultLettuceConnectionFactory: defined by method 'defaultLettuceConnectionFactory' in class path resource [com/git/hui/boot/redis/config/RedisAutoConfig.class] - localLettuceConnectionFactory: defined by method 'localLettuceConnectionFactory' in class path resource [com/git/hui/boot/redis/config/RedisAutoConfig.class] Action: Consider marking one of the beans as @Primary, updating the consumer to accept multiple beans, or using @Qualifier to identify the bean that should be consumed
上面表示说有多个ConnectionFactory存在,然后创建默认的RedisTemplate就不知道该选择哪一个了,有两种方法
方法一:指定默认的ConnectionFactory
借助@Primary
来指定默认的连接工厂,然后在使用工程的时候,通过@Qualifier
注解来显示指定,我需要的工厂是哪个(主要是localRedisTemplate
这个bean的定义,如果不加,则会根据defaultLettuceConnectionFactory
这个实例来创建Redis连接了)
@Bean @Primary public LettuceConnectionFactory defaultLettuceConnectionFactory(RedisStandaloneConfiguration defaultRedisConfig, GenericObjectPoolConfig defaultPoolConfig) { // ... } @Bean public RedisTemplate<String, String> defaultRedisTemplate( @Qualifier("defaultLettuceConnectionFactory") LettuceConnectionFactory defaultLettuceConnectionFactory) { // .... } @Bean @ConditionalOnBean(name = "localRedisConfig") public LettuceConnectionFactory localLettuceConnectionFactory(RedisStandaloneConfiguration localRedisConfig, GenericObjectPoolConfig localPoolConfig) { // ... } @Bean @ConditionalOnBean(name = "localLettuceConnectionFactory") public RedisTemplate<String, String> localRedisTemplate( @Qualifier("localLettuceConnectionFactory") LettuceConnectionFactory localLettuceConnectionFactory) { // ... }
方法二:忽略默认的自动配置类
既然提示的是org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration
类加载bean冲突,那么就不加载这个配置即可
@SpringBootApplication @EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = {RedisAutoConfiguration.class, RedisReactiveAutoConfiguration.class}) public class Application { // ... }
II. 其他
0. 项目
- 工程:spring-boot-demo
- module: 120-redis-config
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