Hadoop入门基础教程

本文以K-Master服务器基础环境配置为例分别演示用户配置、sudo权限配置、网路配置、关闭防火墙、安装JDK工具等。用户需参照以下步骤完成KVMSlave1~KVMSlave3服务器的基础环境配置。

开发环境


硬件环境:CentOS 6.5 服务器4台(一台为Master节点,三台为Slave节点)
软件环境:Java 1.7.0_45、Hadoop-1.2.1

1、安装环境


硬件环境:CentOS 6.5 服务器4台(一台为Master节点,三台为Slave节点)

软件环境:Java 1.7.0_45、hadoop-1.2.1

2、 用户配置


1)添加一个用户

[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]$ adduser hadoop                       #新建hadoop用户
[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]$ passwd hadoop                            #hadoop用户设置密码

2)建工作组

[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]$ groupadd hadoop                      #新建hadoop工作组

3)给已有的用户增加工作组

[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]$ usermod -G hadoop hadoop

2、 sudo权限配置


1)新建个用户组admin

[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]# groupadd admin

2)将已有用户添加到admin用户组

[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]# usermod -G admin,hadoop hadoop

3)赋予修改/etc/sudoers文件写权限

[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]# chmod u+w /etc/sudoers

4)编辑/etc/sudoers文件

[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]# vi /etc/sudoers
缺省只有一条配置: 
root    ALL=(ALL) ALL 
在下边再加一条配置: 
%admin    ALL=(ALL) ALL

这样admin用户组就拥有了sudo权限,属于admin用户组的hadoop用户同样拥有了sudo权限。

5)编辑完成后降低权限

[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]$ chmod u-w /etc/sudoers

3、 网络配置


1)配置IP地址
Hadoop入门基础教程

详细配置信息如下所示:

[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]$ su hadoop                #切换为hadoop用户
[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]$ sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
HWADDR=06:8D:30:00:00:27
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.100.147
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.100.1
DNS1=192.168.100.1
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes
IPV6INIT=no
NAME=eth0
UUID=660a57a1-5edf-4cdd-b456-e7e1059aef11
ONBOOT=yes
LAST_CONNECT=1411901185

2)重启网络服务使网络设置生效

[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]$ sudo service network restart
Shutting down interface eth0:  Device state: 3 (disconnected)
                                                    [  OK  ]
Shutting down loopback interface:                   [  OK  ]
Bringing up loopback interface:                     [  OK  ]
Bringing up interface eth0:  Active connection state: activated
Active connection path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/1
                                                    [  OK  ]

3)测试IP网络配置

通过ifconfig命令查看网络的ip地址,如下信息显示eth0无线网卡的IP地址为192.168.100.147,与上述我们配置的IP地址吻合,表明IP地址配置成功。

[hadoop@K-Master ~]$ ifconfig
eth0  Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 06:8D:30:00:00:27
  inet addr:192.168.100.147  Bcast:192.168.100.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
  inet6 addr: fe80::48d:30ff:fe00:27/64 Scope:Link
  UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
  RX packets:59099169 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
  TX packets:30049168 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
  collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
  RX bytes:12477388443 (11.6 GiB)  TX bytes:8811418526 (8.2 GiB)

loLink encap:Local Loopback
  inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
  inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
  UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
  RX packets:2266013 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
  TX packets:2266013 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
  collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
  RX bytes:666482169 (635.6 MiB)  TX bytes:666482169 (635.6 MiB)

4)修改Host主机名

[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]$ sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=Master
[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]$ sudo vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1               localhost.localdomain
::1                     hdirect30 hdirect30
192.168.100.201         K-Master

5)重启主机使得主机名生效

[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]$ sudo reboot

4、 关闭防火墙


在启动前关闭集群中所有机器的防火墙,不然会出现datanode开后又自动关闭。

1)查看防火墙状态

[hadoop@K-Master ~]$ sudo service iptables status
iptables: Firewall is not running.

2)关闭防火墙

[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]$ sudo service iptables stop
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter   [  OK  ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules:                  [  OK  ]
iptables: Unloading modules:                        [  OK  ]

3)永久关闭防火墙

[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]$ sudo chkconfig iptables off

4)关闭SELINUX

[hadoop@K-Master hadoop]$ sudo vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled

5、 安装JDK工具


1)解压

[hadoop@K-Master ~]$ scp [email protected]:/home/hadoop/jdk-7u65-linux-x64.rpm .
[hadoop@K-Master ~]$ sudo rpm -ivh jdk-7u65-linux-x64.rpm

2)编辑”/etc/profile”文件,在后面添加Java的”JAVA_HOME”、”CLASSPATH”以及”PATH”内容。

[hadoop@K-Master ~]$ sudo vim /etc/profile
#JAVA
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_65
export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
#HADOOP
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/hadoop-1.2.1
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin
export HADOOP_HOME_WARN_SUPPRESS=1

3)使配置文件生效

--------------------------------------分割线 --------------------------------------

相关推荐