修改Linux主机名(hostname)
1. 暂时更改hostname
hostname your-hostname
以下将主机名修改为XD-ORACLE
2. 修改/etc/sysconfig/network配置文件,重启后永久生效
[root@localhost ~]# echo $HOSTNAME localhost.localdomain [root@localhost ~]# cp /etc/sysconfig/network /etc/sysconfig/network.bak.modifyHostname [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain #修改如下 HOSTNAME=XD-ORACLE [root@localhost ~]# echo $HOSTNAME XD-ORACLE
3. 修改/etc/hosts本机的域名解析文件
[root@localhost ~]# cp /etc/hosts /etc/hosts.bak.modifyHostname [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 #修改如下 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain XD-ORACLE ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain XJ-ORACLE
4. 相关内容
- Linux主机名仅依赖/etc/sysconfig/network配置文件。
- /etc/hosts为本机的域名解析文件(类似于现在的DNS,只不过以前的域名不多都可以放进一个文件),修改主机名的时候建议同步修改。
再shell中直接敲
hostname
,可能会发现变量名未改变。这是因为该变量来源于 /proc/sys/kernel/hostname(但是用户不需要手动设置)。该文件会随着系统启动时会读取/etc/sysconfig/network并赋值到该hostname变量上。所有下次启动是hostname会自动刷新。在
man hostname
可以发现又如下描述:The host name is usually set once at system startup in /etc/rc.d/rc.inet1 or /etc/init.d/boot (normally by reading the contents of a file which contains the host name, e.g. /etc/hostname).
本机系统是CentOS6.5 并为发现上述启动配置文件,但是我在另一个系统启动文件里面找到了一些描述:
[root@XD-ORACLE ~]# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit #!/bin/bash # # /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit - run once at boot time # # Taken in part from Miquel van Smoorenburg's bcheckrc. # HOSTNAME=$(/bin/hostname) set -m if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/network ]; then . /etc/sysconfig/network fi if [ -z "$HOSTNAME" -o "$HOSTNAME" = "(none)" ]; then HOSTNAME=localhost fi #####省略##### # Use the network address to set the hostname of the client. This # must be done even if we have local storage. ipaddr= if [ "$HOSTNAME" = "localhost" -o "$HOSTNAME" = "localhost.localdomain" ]; then ipaddr=$(ip addr show to 0.0.0.0/0 scope global | awk '/[[:space:]]inet / { print gensub("/.*","","g",$2) }') for ip in $ipaddr ; do HOSTNAME= eval $(ipcalc -h $ip 2>/dev/null) [ -n "$HOSTNAME" ] && { hostname ${HOSTNAME} ; break; } done fi
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