使用Docker部署MySQL 5.7&8.0主从集群的方法步骤

> 部署 MySQL 5.7 集群 master & slave （仅测试用）

镜像版本 5.7

1、创建 overlay 网络

docker network create --driver overlay common-network --attachable

2、编辑两个配置文件 master.cnf 与 slave.cnf

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/

[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=1
gtid-mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=ON

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/

[mysqld]
server-id=2
gtid-mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=ON

3、启动 2 个 MYSQL：mysql-master 、mysql-slave

docker run -d \
--name mysql-master \
--network common-network \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=Passw0rd \
-v `pwd`/master.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf \
-p 3306:3306 \
-d mysql:5.7

docker run -d \
--name mysql-slave \
--network common-network \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=Passw0rd \
-v `pwd`/slave.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf \
-p 3307:3306 \
-d mysql:5.7

4、添加从库用于复制的用户

docker run -it --rm --network common-network mysql mysql -hmysql-master -uroot -pPassw0rd \
-e "CREATE USER 'repl'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' REQUIRE SSL; " \
-e "GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%';"

5、连接 master & slave

docker run -it --rm --network common-network mysql mysql -hmysql-slave -uroot -pPassw0rd \
-e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='mysql-master', MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='password', MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_SSL=1;" \
-e "START SLAVE;"

6、验证 slave 状态

docker run -it --rm --network common-network mysql mysql -hmysql-slave -uroot -pPassw0rd -e "show slave status\G"

如下状态为正常：

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

> 部署 MySQL 8.0 集群 master & slave（仅测试用）

镜像版本 mysql:8.0

1、创建 overlay 网络

docker network create --driver overlay common-network --attachable

2、启动 2 个 MYSQL：mysql-master 、mysql-slave

docker run -d \
--name mysql-master \
--network common-network \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=Passw0rd \
-p 3306:3306 \
-d mysql --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password

docker run -d \
--name mysql-slave \
--network common-network \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=Passw0rd \
-p 3307:3306 \
-d mysql --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password

3、配置 master & slave

docker run -it --rm --network common-network mysql mysql -hmysql-master -uroot -pPassw0rd \
-e "SET PERSIST server_id=1;" \
-e "SET PERSIST_ONLY gtid_mode=ON;" \
-e "SET PERSIST_ONLY enforce_gtid_consistency=true; " \
-e "CREATE USER 'repl'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' REQUIRE SSL; " \
-e "GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%';"

docker run -it --rm --network common-network mysql mysql -hmysql-slave -uroot -pPassw0rd \
-e "SET PERSIST server_id=2;" \
-e "SET PERSIST_ONLY gtid_mode=ON;" \
-e "SET PERSIST_ONLY enforce_gtid_consistency=true; "

4、重启 master & slave

docker restart mysql-master mysql-slave

5、连接 master & slave

docker run -it --rm --network common-network mysql mysql -hmysql-slave -uroot -pPassw0rd \
-e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='mysql-master', MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='password', MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_SSL=1;" \
-e "START SLAVE;"

6、验证 slave 状态

docker run -it --rm --network common-network mysql mysql -hmysql-slave -uroot -pPassw0rd -e "show slave status\G"

如下状态为正常：

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

> 验证数据同步

在 master 创建数据库 anoyi

docker run -it --rm --network common-network mysql mysql -hmysql-master -uroot -pPassw0rd \
 -e "create database anoyi default character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_general_ci;"

在 slave 查看数据库列表

docker run -it --rm --network common-network mysql mysql -hmysql-slave -uroot -pPassw0rd \
 -e "show databases;"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| anoyi       |
| information_schema |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| sys        |
+--------------------+

相关资料：

mysql 5.7： https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/replication.html
mysql 8.0： https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication.html