Hadoop 2.2.0 Cluster Setup-Linux

Apache Hadoop2.2.0作为新一代hadoop版本，突破原来hadoop1.x的集群机器最多4000台的限制，并有效解决以前常遇到的OOM（内存溢出）问题，其创新的计算框架YARN被称为hadoop的操作系统，不仅兼容原有的mapreduce计算模型而且还可支持其他并行计算模型。

假设我们要搭建2个节点的hadoop2.2.0的集群。一个节点主机名为master，作为集群master兼slave角色运行namenode, datanode, secondarynamenode,resourcemanager和node manager 等daemon进程；另一个节点名为slave1作为集群slave角色运行datanode 和nodemanager进程.

1. 获取hadoop二进制包或者源码包： http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.2.0/ , 使用 hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz 或者 hadoop-2.2.0-src.tar.gz

2. 在每台机器上建立同名用户， 比如hduser； 并安装java (1.6 or 1.7)

解压软件包，比如到目录 /home/hduser/hadoop-2.2.0 

如果要编译源代码，请参考以下3,4,5步骤

----------------for compile source file-----------------------

3. 下载 protocbuf2.5.0 : https://code.google.com/p/protobuf/downloads/list, 下载最新的 maven : http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi

编译protocbuf 2.5.0:

1. tar -xvf protobuf-2.5.0.tar.gz
   
2. cd protobuf-2.5.0
3. ./configure --prefix=/opt/protoc/
4. make && make install

4. 安装必须的软件包

如果是rmp linux:

1. yum install gcc
2. yum intall gcc-c++
3. yum install make
   
4. yum install cmake
5. yum install openssl-devel
6. yum install ncurses-devel

如果是Debian linux:

1. sudo apt-get install gcc
2. sudo apt-get install intall g++
3. sudo apt-get install make
   

4. sudo apt-get install cmake
5. sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
6. sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev 

5.开始编译hadoop-2.2.0源码：

mvn clean install –DskipTests

mvn package -Pdist,native -DskipTests -Dtar

6 如果你已经得到了编译好的包（比如hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz），以下为安装配置过程。

用hduser登录到master机器：

6.1 安装ssh

For example on Ubuntu Linux:

$ sudo apt-get install ssh
$ sudo apt-get install rsync

Now check that you can ssh to the localhost without a passphrase:
$ ssh localhost

If you cannot ssh to localhost without a passphrase, execute the following commands:
$ ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa
$ cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

then can ssh from master to slaves: scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys slave1:/home/hduser/.ssh/

6.2 设置 JAVA_HOME in hadoop-env.sh and yarn-env.sh in hadoop_home/etc/hadoop

6.3 编辑 core-site.xml, hdfs-site.xml, mapred-site.xml,yarn-site.xml in hadoop_home/etc/hadoop

A sample core-site.xml:

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://master:9000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/home/hduser/temp</value>
</property>
</configuration>

A sample hdfs-site.xml :

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>2</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>/home/hduser/dfs/name</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>/home/hduser/dfs/data</value>
</property>

</configuration>

A sample mapred-site.xml :

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
<configuration>

<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.app.mapreduce.am.staging-dir</name>
<value>/home/hduser/temp/hadoop-yarn/staging</value>
</property>

</configuration>

A sample yarn-site.xml :

<configuration>
<!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties -->
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>

<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
<value>master</value>
</property>

<property>
<description>CLASSPATH for YARN applications. A comma-separated list of CLASSPATH entries</description>
<name>yarn.application.classpath</name>
<value>
hadoop_home/etc/hadoop,
hadoop_home/share/hadoop/common/*,
hadoop_home/share/hadoop/common/lib/*,
hadoop_home/share/hadoop/hdfs/*,
hadoop_home/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/*,
hadoop_home/share/hadoop/mapreduce/*,
hadoop_home/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/*,
hadoop_home/share/hadoop/yarn/*,
hadoop_home/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/*
</value>
</property>

</configuration>

6.4 编辑 slaves file in hadoop_home/etc/hadoop ，使其具有以下内容

master

slave1

以上完成后，在master机器以hduser用户使用scp命令拷贝hadoop-2.2.0目录及内容到其他机器的同样路径：

scp hadoop folder 到各个机器 : scp /home/hduser/hadoop-2.2.0 slave1:/home/hduser/hadoop-2.2.0 

7. 格式化hdfs (一般只进行一次，除非hdfs故障 ), 依次执行以下命令

1. cd /hduser/hadoop-2.2.0/bin/
2. ./hdfs namenode -format  

8 启动、停止hadoop集群(可多次进行， 一般启动后不停否则Application运行信息会丢失) 

1. [hadoop@master bin]$ cd ../sbin/
2. [hadoop@master sbin]$ ./start-all.sh 

9.验证:

hdfs WEB界面 ： http://master:50070

RM(ResourceManager)界面： http://master:8088

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