Tomcat源码分析(二)--连接处理
目标:在这篇文章希望搞明白http请求到tomcat后是怎么由连接器转交到容器的?
在上一节里已经启动了一个HttpConnector线程,并且也启动了固定数量的HttpProcessor线程。HttpConnector用来等待http连接,得到http连接后交给其中的一个HttpProcessor线程来处理。接下里具体看一下HttpConnector是怎么得到连接得,以及HttpProcessor是怎么处理的。当启动了HttpConnector线程后(在上一节已经知道怎么启动了),便在它的run方法里面循环等待:
public void run() { // Loop until we receive a shutdown command while (!stopped) { // Accept the next incoming connection from the server socket Socket socket = null; try { socket = serverSocket.accept(); if (connectionTimeout > 0) socket.setSoTimeout(connectionTimeout); socket.setTcpNoDelay(tcpNoDelay); } catch (AccessControlException ace) { log("socket accept security exception", ace); continue; } catch (IOException e) { try { // If reopening fails, exit synchronized (threadSync) { if (started && !stopped) log("accept error: ", e); if (!stopped) { serverSocket.close(); serverSocket = open(); } } } catch (IOException ioe) { log("socket reopen, io problem: ", ioe); break; } catch (KeyStoreException kse) { log("socket reopen, keystore problem: ", kse); break; } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException nsae) { log("socket reopen, keystore algorithm problem: ", nsae); break; } catch (CertificateException ce) { log("socket reopen, certificate problem: ", ce); break; } catch (UnrecoverableKeyException uke) { log("socket reopen, unrecoverable key: ", uke); break; } catch (KeyManagementException kme) { log("socket reopen, key management problem: ", kme); break; } continue; } // Hand this socket off to an appropriate processor HttpProcessor processor = createProcessor(); if (processor == null) { try { log(sm.getString("httpConnector.noProcessor")); socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { ; } continue; } processor.assign(socket); } // Notify the threadStop() method that we have shut ourselves down synchronized (threadSync) { threadSync.notifyAll(); } }
这里很关键的就是socket = serverSocket.accept();和processor.assign(socket); 在循环里面内,serverSocket.accept();负责接收http请求然后赋值给socket,最后交给其中一个processor处理。这里processor并不是等到需要的时候再实例化,而是在HttpConnector初始化的时候已经有了若干个processor,在httpConnector里有这样一个声明:
private Stack processors = new Stack();
表明httpConnector里面持有一个包含HttpProcessor对象的栈,需要的时候拿出来就是了。看一下createProcessor函数就能比较明白了:
private HttpProcessor createProcessor() { synchronized (processors) { if (processors.size() > 0) { return ((HttpProcessor) processors.pop()); //从processors栈中弹出一个processor } if ((maxProcessors > 0) && (curProcessors < maxProcessors)) { return (newProcessor()); } else { if (maxProcessors < 0) { return (newProcessor()); } else { return (null); } } } }
接下来由processor.assign(socket); 记住这个方法是异步的,不需要等待HttpProcessor来处理完成,所以HttpConnector才能不间断的传入Http请求,在HttpProcessor里有两个方法比较重要,这两个方法协调处理了由HttpConnector传来的socket:
synchronized void assign(Socket socket) { // Wait for the Processor to get the previous Socket while (available) { try { wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } // Store the newly available Socket and notify our thread this.socket = socket; available = true; notifyAll(); if ((debug >= 1) && (socket != null)) log(" An incoming request is being assigned"); } private synchronized Socket await() { // Wait for the Connector to provide a new Socket while (!available) { try { wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } // Notify the Connector that we have received this Socket Socket socket = this.socket; available = false; notifyAll(); if ((debug >= 1) && (socket != null)) log(" The incoming request has been awaited"); return (socket); }
看一下HttpProcessor的run方法:
public void run() { // Process requests until we receive a shutdown signal while (!stopped) { // Wait for the next socket to be assigned Socket socket = await(); if (socket == null) continue; // Process the request from this socket try { process(socket); } catch (Throwable t) { log("process.invoke", t); } // Finish up this request connector.recycle(this); } // Tell threadStop() we have shut ourselves down successfully synchronized (threadSync) { threadSync.notifyAll(); } }
很明显,在它的run方法一开始便是调用上面的await方法来等待(因为一开始available变量为false),所以HttpProcessor会一直阻塞,直到有线程来唤醒它。当从HttpConnector中调用processor.assign(socket),会把socket传给此HttpProcessor对象,并设置available为true,调用notifyAll()唤醒该processor线程以处理socket。同时,在await方法中又把available设置成false,因此又回到初始状态,即可以重新接受socket。
这里处理socket的方法是process(socket),主要作用有两点,1:解析这个socket,即解析http请求,包括请求方法,请求协议等,以填充request,response对象(是不是很熟悉,在servlet和jsp开发经常用到的request,response对象就是从这里来的)。2:传入request,response对象给和HttpConnector绑定的容器,让容器来调用invoke方法进行处理。process方法主要的代码如下:
private void process(Socket socket) { input = new SocketInputStream(socket.getInputStream(), connector.getBufferSize()); //解析一下连接的地址,端口什么的 parseConnection(socket); //解析请求头的第一行,即:方法,协议,uri parseRequest(input, output); if (!request.getRequest().getProtocol() .startsWith("HTTP/0")) parseHeaders(input);//解析http协议的头部 .............................................. connector.getContainer().invoke(request, response); ............................................. }
在那些parse××方法里面会对request,response对象进行初始化,然后调用容器的invoke方法进行处理,至此,http请求过来的连接已经完美的转交给容器处理,容器剩下的问题就是要最终转交给哪个servlet或者jsp的问题。前面我们知道,一个连接会跟一个容器相连,一个级别大的容器会有一个或者多个子容器,最小的容器是Wrapper,对应一个servlet,在这里我们只要知道请求的路径决定了最终会选择哪个wrapper,wrapper最终会调用servlet的。至少一开始提出来的问题已经明白了。这里又有一个问题,在调用invoke方法是有这样的connector.getContainer的代码,即通过连接器得到跟它关联的容器,这个连接器是什么时候跟容器关联上的?详见下篇:Tomcat源码分析(三)--连接器是如何与容器关联的?