Authentication failure. Retrying - 彻底解决vagrant up时警告

碰到的问题

使用vagrant启动虚拟机时，出现如下警告：

vagrant up default: Warning: Authentication failure. Retrying...

原因分析

授权失败主要原因：

• 虚拟机获取不到物理机的公钥（有疑问的小伙伴，建议先了解一下SSH）

解决方案

• 将公钥复制到虚拟机vagrant用户家目录下的authorized_keys文件中

• Vagrantfile中指定物理机当前用户的私钥路径

步骤一、确认物理机中已经生成了公钥和私钥

以windows系统为例，查看当前登录用户的文件夹下是否包含.ssh文件夹，以及.ssh文件夹下是否包含id_rsa（私钥）、id_rsa.pub（公钥）两个文件

.ssh文件夹文件如下：

注意：必须打开 【显示隐藏的文件、文件夹或驱动器】才能看到.ssh文件夹

如果已经包含id_rsa（私钥）、id_rsa.pub（公钥）两个文件则可跳过步骤一。如果没有两个文件则继续往下看

生成公钥和私钥有多种方法，我们使用最常用的办法。开发者一般都会安装git。直接使用git bash生成一下就好了

进入git安装目录

运行git-bash.vbs

执行ssh-keygen

一路回车，完成后，记住下面的地址

进入该路径，发现有两个文件：

这两个文件的含是：首先，他们是1对的，两者缺1不可，id_rsa 是私钥，id_rsa.pub是公钥

步骤二、将公钥复制到authorized_keys文件中

小伙伴可能奇怪，vagrant都报错了，怎么还能进入虚拟机？没错！其实此时虚拟机已经启动完毕了，只不过此时不能接受vagrant的命令，也无法设置共享目录。

你只需要用客户端工具（例如：Xshell）登录虚拟机

一般来说默认的用户名是vagrant，密码也是vagrant。

进入.ssh目录

查看是否有authorized_keys文件

[vagrant@localhost .ssh]$ pwd
/home/vagrant/.ssh
[vagrant@localhost .ssh]$ ls -al
total 8
drwx------  2 vagrant root      28 Jul 26  2016 .
drwx------. 8 vagrant vagrant 4096 Nov  6 11:02 ..
-rw-------  1 vagrant vagrant  786 Jul 26  2016 authorized_keys
[vagrant@localhost .ssh]$

如果authorized_keys文件不存在，则自己手动创建一下。
注意authorized_keys 文件的权限是600，所有者是vagrant，所属组也是vagrant

[vagrant@localhost .ssh]$ touch authorized_keys
[vagrant@localhost .ssh]$ chmod 600 authorized_keys

复制公钥

如果已经存在authorized_keys文件，复制物理机公钥文件id_rsa.pub的内容，粘贴到authorized_keys文件中。每个公钥只占一行
注意：公钥内容只占一行
例如我的authorized_keys文件中有两个公钥

[vagrant@localhost .ssh]$ vim authorized_keys 
  1 ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDlo4N35+9OM2UCAC82E4RtiqROZU/jI6bgg76QAA56cGdLwk4CNZzbn309nNRtO7tyBtWCyFx2AOn3Hd8hIFWiokMgxlf3eSjowT9dZqmbhGrYzAkPq    r63rpHUX7M4FVjMLtoREqrGbBQZ7uZItViKeXXXl7bsGOUserLchzi+p3PJgjmw5j6ea+Kj2P7EThvcevoEPLcwGyckCTEiYo8nJ21K5bkmKCi2F8kaaJ9zbIeJ/2woayUkoZeufNo3A/gZx2bvHYAiFT    4RYLDwjrspq7pQS5Cs83YUGvolPKQfCrJRH3N+sNaeHx1NzEULMvQNxgEsFIVpi5k7OBIf4BY/ vagrant
  2 ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCov9Z/3qVWXkxLS6koRWxNu9lEt+e0+/6M+XCtDx7qWiCCZovNSCbKAHO3gwCV3myIyoiP/9bv2d0Sw18d/5BMYHWT4l85IZdF87no0Euu8Yt1w4BEU    rCbL0jrDXHlVBhMyCeETr7BKDlM56meiNMo/PvNuN3qcp6tukLUXgrFRQ24hgg1mMvqQ0Km5UHYnHr+Vygc3udEVEEG5Px+04y6ap8gRZg7tKVgckdXZ7+1rNJtTXqR81uXXXbyown4eoccqsUTOK3iUs    2GdFwH/t3unbCSLu13UKDcLGG6hKG/x4aA1itIl3NdbzODgbte8UGXlifomayG+PTaf1tvb+n/ dc@GZ-Design003

步骤三、在物理机的Vagrantfile中添加以下内容

config.ssh.private_key_path = "C:/Users/dc/.ssh/id_rsa"
config.ssh.forward_agent = true

Vagrantfile全部配置内容如下：

# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure
# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for
# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what
# you're doing.
Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
  config.vm.box = "web"
  config.ssh.private_key_path = "C:/Users/dc/.ssh/id_rsa"
  config.ssh.forward_agent = true
#  config.winnfsd.logging="on"
#  config.winnfsd.uid=1
#  config.winnfsd.gid=1
#  config.vm.synced_folder "./","/vagrant",type:"nfs"
  
  config.vm.define :web do |web|
    web.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
          v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--name", "web", "--memory", "2048", "--cpus","2"]
    end
    web.vm.box = "web"
    web.vm.hostname = "web"
    web.vm.synced_folder "./","/vagrant"
#    web.vm.network:private_network, ip: "192.168.33.11"   
    web.vm.network "public_network"
  end
  config.vm.define :php do |php|
    php.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
          v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--name", "php", "--memory", "512"]
    end
    php.vm.box = "php"
    php.vm.network:private_network, ip: "192.168.33.10"   
#    php.vm.network "public_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"   
    php.vm.synced_folder "./","/vagrant",type:"nfs"
    php.winnfsd.logging="on"
    php.winnfsd.uid=1
    php.winnfsd.gid=1
    php.vm.synced_folder "./","/vagrant"
  end
  config.vm.define :swoole do |swoole|
    swoole.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
          v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--name", "swoole", "--memory", "512"]
    end
    swoole.vm.box = "swoole"
#    swoole.vm.network:private_network, ip: "192.168.33.12"   
    swoole.vm.network "public_network", ip: "192.168.33.12"  
#    swoole.vm.synced_folder "./","/vagrant",type:"nfs"
    swoole.vm.synced_folder "./","/vagrant"
  end
  config.vm.define :master do |master|
    master.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
          v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--name", "master", "--memory", "512"]
    end
    master.vm.box = "master" 
    master.vm.network "public_network" 
    master.vm.synced_folder "./","/vagrant"
  end
  config.vm.define :slave do |slave|
    slave.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
          v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--name", "slave", "--memory", "512"]
    end
    slave.vm.box = "slave" 
    slave.vm.network "public_network" 
    slave.vm.synced_folder "./","/vagrant"
  end
end
  # The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.
  # For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at
  # https://docs.vagrantup.com.

  # Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for
  # boxes at https://atlas.hashicorp.com/search.
  

  # Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then
  # boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs
  # `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.
  # config.vm.box_check_update = false

  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
  # within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,
  # accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.
  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080

  # Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine
  # using a specific IP.
  # config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"

  # Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.
  # Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on
  # your network.
  # config.vm.network "public_network"

  # Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
  # the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is
  # the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third
  # argument is a set of non-required options.
  # config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"

  # Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various
  # backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.
  # Example for VirtualBox:
  #
  # config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
  #   # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
  #   vb.gui = true
  #
  #   # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
  #   vb.memory = "1024"
  # end
  #
  # View the documentation for the provider you are using for more
  # information on available options.

  # Define a Vagrant Push strategy for pushing to Atlas. Other push strategies
  # such as FTP and Heroku are also available. See the documentation at
  # https://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/push/atlas.html for more information.
  # config.push.define "atlas" do |push|
  #   push.app = "YOUR_ATLAS_USERNAME/YOUR_APPLICATION_NAME"
  # end

  # Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as
  # Puppet, Chef, Ansible, Salt, and Docker are also available. Please see the
  # documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.
  # config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
  #   sudo apt-get update
  #   sudo apt-get install -y apache2
  # SHELL

步骤四、重启虚拟机

在物理机的命令行重启虚拟机

vagrant reload XXXX