Nginx+Tomcat动静分离及Nginx优化(企业案例)
目的：nginx处理用户请求的静态页面，tomcat处理用户请求jsp页面，来实现动态分离，nginx处理静态页面效率远高于tomcat，这样一来就能更好的提高并发，处理性能。
准备软件：
下载jdk1.7：http://www.Oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk7-downloads-1880260.html
下载tomcat8.0：http://tomcat.apache.org/download-80.cgi
下载nginx1.4.4：http://nginx.org/en/download.html
1、JDK配置
[root@localhost ~]# tar xvfjdk-7u45-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# mv jdk1.7.0_45/ /usr/local/jdk
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export JAVA_HOME PATHCLASSPATH
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# java -version #显示版本说明成功
java version"1.7.0_45"
2、Tomcat配置
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvfapache-tomcat-8.0.0-RC5.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# mv apache-tomcat-8.0.0-RC5/usr/local/tomcat
#默认tomcat是root身份运行的，这样不安全，我们设置来用普通用户
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g tomcat tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# passwd tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# chown tomcat.tomcat -R /usr/local/tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# su - tomcat /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
[root@localhost ~]# echo "su - tomcat /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh" >> /etc/rc.local #开机启动
3、Nginx安装配置
[root@localhost ~]# groupaddnginx
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -gnginx -s /sbin/nologin nginx
[root@localhost ~]# yuminstall –y make zlib-devel openssl-devel pcre-devel
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvfnginx-1.4.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cdnginx-1.4.4
[root@localhost nginx-1.4.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module--with-http_stub_status_module
[root@localhost nginx-1.4.4]# make && make install
#主配置文件配置
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
error_log logs/error.log;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#日志格式定义
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user[$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent"$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip压缩功能设置
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascripttext/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.test.com;
location / {
#jsp网站程序根目录，一般nginx与tomcat在同一个目录
root /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT;
index index.html index.jsp index.html;
}
location ~ .*.jsp$ {
index index.jsp;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; #来自jsp请求交给tomcat处理
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP$remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host; #后端的Web服务器可以通过X-Forwarded-For获取用户真实IP
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
client_max_body_size 10m; #允许客户端请求的最大单文件字节数
client_body_buffer_size 128k; #缓冲区代理缓冲用户端请求的最大字节数，
proxy_connect_timeout 90; #nginx跟后端服务器连接超时时间(代理连接超时)
proxy_read_timeout 90; #连接成功后，后端服务器响应时间(代理接收超时)
proxy_buffer_size 4k; #设置代理服务器（nginx）保存用户头信息的缓冲区大小
proxy_buffers 6 32k; #proxy_buffers缓冲区，网页平均在32k以下的话，这样设置
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; #高负荷下缓冲大小（proxy_buffers*2）
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; #设定缓存文件夹大小，大于这个值，将从upstream服务器传
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png|bmp|swf)$ #由nginx处理静态页面
{
expires 30d; #使用expires缓存模块，缓存到客户端30天
}
location ~ .*\.( jsp|js|css)?$
{
expires 1d;
}
error_page 404 /404.html; #错误页面
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
#编写nginx启动、停止、重启等SysV管理脚本，方便使用
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 345 99 20
# description: Nginx servicecontrol script
PROG="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
PIDF="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
case "$1" in
start)
$PROG
echo "Nginx servicestart success."
;;
stop)
kill -s QUIT $(cat $PIDF)
echo "Nginx service stopsuccess."
;;
restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
reload)
kill -s HUP $(cat $PIDF)
echo"reload Nginx configsuccess."
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0{start|stop|restart|reload}"
exit 1
esac
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x/etc/init.d/nginx
[root@localhost ~]# service nginx restart
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --add nginx
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig nginx on
Nginx 的详细介绍：请点这里
Nginx 的下载地址：请点这里
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