CentOS 7 安装 Oracle 11.2.0.4

一、安装环境

CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)

Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.4)

二、安装前准备

2.1 修改主机名

修改/etc/sysconfig/network配置文件中的HOSTNAME变量

[root@linuxidc ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname oracledb
####永久性修改
[root@linuxidc ~]#vi /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME= oracledb
[root@linuxidc ~]# hostname
oracledb

2.2 添加主机名与IP对应记录

[root@linuxidc ~]# vi /etc/hosts
172.17.22.70 oracledb

2.3 关闭Selinux

[root@oracledb ~]# sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/" /etc/selinux/config 
[root@oracledb ~]# setenforce 0

2.4 firewall开启1521端口

[root@sdba ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=1521/tcp
success
[root@sdba ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

2.5下载Oracle 11g

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html

2.6 检查硬件配置要求

最小内存 1 GB of RAM

虚拟内存容量

Available RAM

Swap Space Required

Between 1 GB and 2 GB

1.5 times the size of RAM

Between 2 GB and 16 GB

Equal to the size of RAM

More than 16 GB

16 GB

硬盘空间要求

数据库软件硬盘空间需求:

Installation Type

Requirement for Software Files (GB)

Enterprise Edition

3.95

Standard Edition

3.88

数据文件硬盘空间需求:

Installation Type

Requirement for Data Files (GB)

Enterprise Edition

1.7

Standard Edition

1.5

检查的命令

#内存
 grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
#交换空间
 grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
#磁盘空间
 df -ah

2.7 安装所需的软件包

通过查看Oracle安装文档中列出的Package Requirements可以查看在不同平台上需要的软件包。

packages for Oracle Linux 7

binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7.x86_64
compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7.x86_64
gcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
gcc-c++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
glibc-2.17-36.el7.i686
glibc-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.i686
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
ksh
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.i686
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.x86_64
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.i686
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.x86_64
make-3.82-19.el7.x86_64
sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7.x86_64

Oracle ODBC Drivers

On Oracle Linux 6, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6, and Asianux Server 4:

unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later
unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later

安装软件包

yum -y install binutils
yum -y install  compat-libcap1
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ glibc.i686  glibc.x86_64  glibc-devel.i686  glibc-devel.x86_64
yum install -y libaio.i686 libaio.x86_64 libaio-devel.i686 libaio-devel.x86_64
yum install -y libgcc.i686 libgcc.x86_64 libstdc++.i686 libstdc++.x86_64  libstdc++-devel.i686  libstdc++-devel.x86_64
yum install -y libXi.i686  libXi.x86_64  libXtst.i686    libXtst.x86_64 
yum install -y make
yum install -y sysstat
yum install -y unixODBC.i686  unixODBC.x86_64 unixODBC-devel.i686  unixODBC-devel.x86_64

ksh无用  yum install -y ksh  需要安装pdksh,另外还需要安装elfutils-libelf-devel

wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm
yum install -y elfutils-libelf-devel

否则会提示缺少package

CentOS 7 安装 Oracle 11.2.0.4

2.8创建安装oracle所需用户与用户组

root用户:创建Oracle安装组oinstall,数据库管理员组dba,及oracle用户

[root@oracledb ~]# groupadd -g 200 oinstall
[root@oracledb ~]# groupadd -g 201 dba
[root@oracledb ~]# useradd -u 440 -g oinstall -G dba -d /home/oracle oracle
[root@oracledb ~]# passwd oracle

2.9 更改kernel参数

[root@oracledb ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

#末尾添加如下

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range= 9000 65500
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 10523004
kernel.shmmax = 6465333657
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_max=1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

执行以下命令使更改生效

[root@oracledb ~]# sysctl -p

2.10 修改系统资源限制

[root@oracledb ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle  soft  nproc  2047
oracle  hard  nproc  16384
oracle  soft  nofile  1024
oracle  hard  nofile  65536
 

[root@oracledb ~]# vi /etc/profile
 
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then     
    if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then         
        ulimit -p 16384         
        ulimit -n 65536     
    else         
        ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536     
    fi
fi


 

[root@oracledb ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login  #下面添加一条pam_limits.so

    session    required    pam_limits.so

2.11 创建安装目录及设置权限

创建如下的目录

[oracle@oracledb /]$ tree /u01/
/u01/
└── oracle
    ├── app
    └── oradata

root创建

[root@oracledb ~]# mkdir –p /u01/oracle
[root@oracledb ~]# chown –R oracle:oinstall  /u01

oracle创建

[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@localhost ~]$ chmod 755 /u01/oracle
[oracle@localhost ~]$ mkdir /u01/oracle/app
[oracle@localhost ~]$ chmod 755 /u01/oracle/app/
[oracle@localhost ~]$ mkdir /u01/oracle/oradata
[oracle@localhost ~]$ chmod 755 /u01/oracle/oradata/

[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi ./.bash_profile

# 在文件末尾添加
umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle/app

2.12 设置oracle环境变量

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ vi ~/.bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle/app
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export ORACLE_SID=orcl

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ source .bash_profile  #立即生效

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