Apache Shrio安全框架

一、Shiro整体概述

1.简介

Apache Shiro是Java的一个安全框架,功能强大,使用简单,Shiro为开发人员提供了一个直观而全面的认证(登录),授权(判断是否含有权限),加密(密码加密)及会话管理(Shiro内置Session)的解决方案.

2.Shiro组件

Apache Shrio安全框架

3.Shiro架构

3.1 外部架构(以应用程序角度)

Apache Shrio安全框架

3.2 内部架构

Apache Shrio安全框架

4. Shiro的过滤器

过滤器简称

对应的java类

anon

org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authc.AnonymousFilter

authc

org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authc.FormAuthenticationFilter

authcBasic

org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authc.BasicHttpAuthenticationFilter

perms

org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authz.PermissionsAuthorizationFilter

port

org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authz.PortFilter

rest

org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authz.HttpMethodPermissionFilter

roles

org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authz.RolesAuthorizationFilter

ssl

org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authz.SslFilter

user

org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authc.UserFilter

logout

org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authc.LogoutFilter

挑几个重要的说明一下:

anon:匿名过滤器,不登录也可以访问的资源使用,比如首页,一些静态资源等

authc:认证过滤器,登录成功后才能访问的资源使用

perms:授权过滤器,必须具备某种权限才能访问

roles:角色过滤器,必须具备某种角色才能访问

注意:这么多过滤器,使用起来肯定不方便,Shiro框架也考虑到了这一点,所以有一个过滤器,一个顶十个,即DelegatingFilterProxy.

 5. Shiro与Spring整合

5.1 pom.xml

<!--shiro和spring整合-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

5.2 web.xml

<filter>
        <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

5.3 applicationContext-shiro.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <!--安全管理器,需要注入realm域,如果有缓存配置,还需要注入缓存管理器-->
    <bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager">
        <!--引用自定义的realm -->
        <property name="realm" ref="authRealm"/>
        <!--引入缓存管理器-->
        <property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 自定义Realm域的编写 -->
    <bean id="authRealm" class="com.itheima.web.shiro.AuthRealm">
        <!-- 注入自定义的密码比较器 -->
        <property name="credentialsMatcher" ref="customerCredentialsMatcher"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 自定义的密码比较器 -->
    <bean id="customerCredentialsMatcher" class="com.itheima.web.shiro.CustomCredentialsMatcher"></bean>

    <!--缓存配置-->
    <!--内置(windows)缓存配置:MemoryConstrainedCacheManager-->
    <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.apache.shiro.cache.MemoryConstrainedCacheManager"></bean>

    <!-- filter-name这个名字的值来自于web.xml中filter的名字 -->
    <bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean">
        <property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"/>
        <!--登录页面  -->
        <property name="loginUrl" value="/login.jsp"></property>
        <!-- 登录失败后 -->
        <property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/unauthorized.jsp"></property>

        <property name="filterChainDefinitions">
            <!-- /**代表下面的多级目录也过滤 -->
            <value>
                /system/module/list.do = perms["模块管理"]<!--路径和模块名称一定要和数据库表中存储的数据一致-->
                /index.jsp* = anon<!--anon 不登录也可以访问的资源-->
                /login.jsp* = anon
                /login* = anon
                /logout* = anon
                /css/** = anon
                /img/** = anon
                /plugins/** = anon
                /make/** = anon
                /** = authc
            </value>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 保证实现了Shiro内部lifecycle函数的bean执行 -->
    <bean id="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor"/>

    <!-- 生成代理,通过代理进行控制 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator"
          depends-on="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor">
        <property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 安全管理器 -->
    <bean class="org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor">
        <property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"/>
    </bean>

    <!--支持Shiro注解配置-->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/>

</beans>

5.4 如果你想看具体的实现代码,可以点击页面右上角,到我的github仓库中拉取.