为ArchLinux安装桌面和一些必要软件
现在要给ArchLinux安装xorg-server,和DE(桌面环境):
# 1、关闭PC小喇叭
# vim /etc/modprobe.d/nopcspkr.conf
blacklist pcspkr
# 2.1、创建用户:
useradd -m -g users -s /bin/bash sunny
# 2.1.1 locale
vim /etc/locale.gen
+ en_US.UTF-8 UTf-8
+ zh_CN.GBK GBK
+ zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8
+ zh_CN GB2312
locale-gen
# 2.2、安装 X:
pacman -S xorg-server xorg-xinit xorg-utils xorg-server-utils mesa
# 2.3、显卡驱动
pacman -S xf86-video-vesa # 通用显卡驱动，不提供任何2D和3D加速功能
pacman -S xf86-video-intel # Intel
pacman -S xf86-video-nouveau # Nvidia
pacman -S nouveau-dri
# pacman -S xf86-video-ati # Ati
#
# 虚拟机: pcaman -S xf86-video-vesa
# 2.4、笔记本触摸板支持
pacman -S xf86-input-synaptics
# 2.5、测试X工作是否正常
pacman -S xorg-twm xorg-xclock xterm
# 2.6、现在可以用startx启动X看到简陋的图形界面.
startx
# 3、安装桌面(xfce4 kde lxde gnome):
# pacman -S gnome # gnome-session
pacman -S kde # kde
cp /etc/skel/.xinitrc $HOME/.xinitrc
vim .xinitrc
# + xrandr -s 1366x768 # 制定屏幕分辨率
+ exec startkde # kde
# + exec gnome-session # gnome
# 4、安装fcitx输入法
pcaman -S fcitx
pcaman -S kcm-fcitx # For kde
pacman -S fcitx-googlepinyin # Google拼音
# 配置中文输入法：
fcitx-configtool
# 在Input Method -> 去掉Only Show Currentt Language勾 -> 搜索Chinese -> Google Pinyin
# 在$HOME/.xinitrc里添加:
vim $HOME/.xinitrc
+ export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
+ export QT_IM_IMDULE=fcitx
+ export XMODIFIERS="@im=fcitx"
# 5、KDM: KDE Display Manager : pacman -S kdm
# GDM: pacman -s gdm
# 6.Firefox flashplugin
pacman -S firefox flashplugin
# 7. yaourt
vim /etc/pacman.conf
+ [archlinuxfr]
+ SigLevel = Never
+ Server = http://repo.archlinux.fr/$arch
pacman -S yaourt
# 7.1 aur: google-chrome
pacman -S google-chrome
# 8.Some softwares
pacman -S openssh # sshd
pacman -S git # git
pacman -S subversion
pacman -S wget # wget
pacman -S net-tools # ifconfig
pacman -S dnsutils # nslookup
# 9.njit-client
mkdir build && cd build
wget https://github.com/linzsummer/njit8021xclient_for_swufe/archive/master.zip
unzip master.zip
pacman -S automake autoconf libpcap pkg-config
# pacman -S libssl
./configure
make
make install
cd .. && rm -rf build
# 10. wps: becauselibreoffice is too large, so instead of wps
vim /etc/pacman.conf
+ [multilib]
+ SigLevel = PackageRequired
+ Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
pacman -Syu # renew database (Repository multilib)
yaourt -S kingsoft-office
# 11. gnome shortcuts
Super+(pg up)/(pg dn) # exchange screen
# 12. Find the real path of the Command
# type [Command]
type firefox
# 13. clean pacman cache
pacman -Scc
pacman -S -l # list pacman install packages
# 14.Static IP Address
cd /etc/netctl
cp examples/ethernet-static my-network
# Then edit the profile as needed
vim my-network
# Next, Start Netctl
netctl enable my-network
netctl start my-network