Vue+thinkJs博客网站（一）之vue多页面应用的webpack3配置

一.项目简介

    本项目使用vue作为前端框架，thinkJs作为后端框架，构建个人博客网站，页面分为博客展示和后台管理，主要目的是学习使用thinkJs。现在只完成了主要的博客增删改功能，发现webpack的配置遇到了一些坑，这里先记录下。项目目录结构如下：

其中system文件夹是前端vue项目的代码，博客展示页面与后台管理页面都在这里，打包成两个页面，具体webpack配置是本文重点。项目地址在这

二.搭建过程

安装nodejs后，首先安装thinkjs

npm install -g think-cli;
thinkjs new self_blog;
npm install;
npm start;

这样thinkJs项目初步搭建完成了，接下来创建vue项目。项目根目录下新建文件夹system。

npm install -g vue-cli
vue init webpack self_blog
cd self_blog
npm install
npm run dev

这样vue项目初步搭建完毕，接下来讲下这里vue的具体webpack配置。

三.webpack配置

项目前端页面分为博客的展示和后台管理，这里的思路是将sytem的src下面放后台管理页面，在sytem下新建blog文件夹，放前台展示页面，打包时生成两个html，实现webpack打包多页面应用。目录如下：

1.webpack.base.conf.js的配置

使用vue-cli创建项目，npm run dev运行开发环境，会使用webpack-dev-server作为前端服务器，从而实现热加载。这样打包的文件只会在内存里，这里我的思路是直接生成到thinkJs项目的view目录下，通过服务端的路由返回给前端。这样只用启动后端的服务就行了，因为文件已经打包到服务端，前端也不存在跨域访问后端的问题了。所以这里就不需要配置devServer了，而是改变html与js等静态资源的生成目录。首先看下webpack.base.conf.js的代码：

"use strict";
const path = require("path");
const utils = require("./utils");
const config = require("../config");
const vueLoaderConfig = require("./vue-loader.conf");
const webpack = require("webpack");
const baseFileName = require("../package.json").name;
const ExtractTextPlugin = require("extract-text-webpack-plugin");
const cleanWebpackPlugin = require("clean-webpack-plugin");
const AssetsPlugin = require("assets-webpack-plugin");
function resolve(dir) {
  return path.join(__dirname, "..", dir);
}

module.exports = {
  context: path.resolve(__dirname, "../"),
  entry: {
    app: "./src/main.js",
    blog: "./blog/index.js"
  },
  output: {
    path: config.build.assetsRoot,
    filename: "[name].js",
    publicPath:
      process.env.NODE_ENV === "production"
        ? config.build.assetsPublicPath
        : config.dev.assetsPublicPath
  },
  resolve: {
    extensions: [".js", ".vue", ".json"],
    alias: {
      vue$: "vue/dist/vue.esm.js",
      "@": resolve("src")
    }
  },
  externals: {
    vue: "Vue",
    "vue-router": "VueRouter",
    echarts: "echarts",
    ElementUI: "element-ui"
  },
  module: {
    rules: [
      {
        test: /\.vue$/,
        loader: "vue-loader",
        options: vueLoaderConfig
      },
      {
        test: /\.js$/,
        loader: "babel-loader",
        include: [
          resolve("src"),
          resolve("test"),
          resolve("node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client")
        ]
      },
      {
        test: /\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/,
        loader: "url-loader",
        exclude: [resolve("src/icons")],
        options: {
          limit: 10000,
          name: utils.assetsPath(baseFileName + "/img/[name].[hash:7].[ext]")
        }
      },
      {
        test: /\.svg$/,
        loader: "svg-sprite-loader",
        include: [resolve("src")],
        options: {
          symbolId: "icon-[name]"
        }
      },
      {
        test: /\.(mp4|webm|ogg|mp3|wav|flac|aac)(\?.*)?$/,
        loader: "url-loader",
        options: {
          limit: 10000,
          name: utils.assetsPath(baseFileName + "/media/[name].[hash:7].[ext]")
        }
      },
      {
        test: /\.(woff2?|eot|ttf|otf)(\?.*)?$/,
        loader: "url-loader",
        options: {
          limit: 10000,
          name: utils.assetsPath(baseFileName + "/fonts/[name].[hash:7].[ext]")
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  plugins: [
    new AssetsPlugin({
      filename: "build/webpack.assets.js",
      processOutput: function(assets) {
        return "window.WEBPACK_ASSETS=" + JSON.stringify(assets);
      }
    }),
    new webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin({
      name: "vendor",
      minChunks: function(module) {
        return (
          module.resource &&
          /\.js$/.test(module.resource) &&
          module.resource.indexOf(path.join(__dirname, "../node_modules")) === 0
        );
      }
    }),
    new webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin({
      name: "manifest",
      minChunks: Infinity
    }),
    new ExtractTextPlugin({
      filename: utils.assetsPath(
        baseFileName + "/css/[name].[contenthash].css"
      ),
      allChunks: true
    }),
    // 编译前删除之前编译生成的静态资源
    new cleanWebpackPlugin(["www/static/self_blog", "view/blog"], {
      root: resolve("../")
    })
  ],
  node: {
    setImmediate: false,
    dgram: "empty",
    fs: "empty",
    net: "empty",
    tls: "empty",
    child_process: "empty"
  }
};

首先需要改的是入口文件，因为是多页面应用，需要多个入口文件来保证打包成不同的chunk。我们知道正常vue-cli创建的但页面应用，会打包成三个chunk，分别是vendor.js（第三方依赖），manifest.js（异步加载的实现），app.js（业务代码）。这里新增一个入口文件，打包时就会生成名为blog.js的chunk，含有前台展示页面的js业务代码。

这里新增使用的clean-webpack-plugin，是为了每次编译后，删除之前生成的js，css等静态资源，否则因为这些资源不重名，就会一直堆在你生成的目录下。

此外一些第三方依赖，vue,elementUI什么的，我使用了cdn引入，这样打包时这些依赖不会打进去，进而减小的vendor.js的体积。具体做法就是配置里的externals定义这些依赖，然后在生成html的模板里用script标签直接引入cdn里的js。

注意一下，如果你开发时想用vue-devtool，需要引入vue.js，如果不用就引入vue.min.js。

2.webpack.dev.conf.js的配置

先看下代码：

"use strict";
const utils = require("./utils");
const webpack = require("webpack");
const config = require("../config");
const merge = require("webpack-merge");
const path = require("path");
const baseWebpackConfig = require("./webpack.base.conf");
const CopyWebpackPlugin = require("copy-webpack-plugin");
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin");
const FriendlyErrorsPlugin = require("friendly-errors-webpack-plugin");
const portfinder = require("portfinder");

const HOST = process.env.HOST;
const PORT = process.env.PORT && Number(process.env.PORT);
const baseFileName = require("../package.json").name;
function resolve(dir) {
  return path.join(__dirname, "..", dir);
}
const devWebpackConfig = merge(baseWebpackConfig, {
  module: {
    rules: utils.styleLoaders({
      sourceMap: config.dev.cssSourceMap,
      extract: true,
      usePostCSS: true
    })
  },
  // cheap-module-eval-source-map is faster for development
  devtool: config.dev.devtool,
  output: {
    path: resolve(config.dev.assetsRoot),
    filename: "static/" + baseFileName + "/js/[name]-[hash:5].js",
    chunkFilename: "static/" + baseFileName + "/js/[name]-[id:5].js"
  },

  plugins: [
    new webpack.DefinePlugin({
      "process.env": require("../config/dev.env")
    }),
    // new webpack.HotModuleReplacementPlugin(),
    new webpack.NamedModulesPlugin(), // HMR shows correct file names in console on update.
    new webpack.NoEmitOnErrorsPlugin(),
    // https://github.com/ampedandwired/html-webpack-plugin
    new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
      filename: resolve(`../view/blog/index_index.html`),
      template: "./view/index.html",
      title: "博客管理系统",
      favicon: resolve("favicon.ico"),
      inject: true,
      chunks: ["manifest", "vendor", "app"]
    }),
    new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
      filename: resolve(`../view/blog/blog_index.html`),
      template: "./view/blog.html",
      title: "博客展示",
      inject: true,
      chunks: ["manifest", "vendor", "blog"]
    }),
    // copy custom static assets
    new CopyWebpackPlugin([
      {
        from: path.resolve(__dirname, "../static"),
        to: config.dev.assetsSubDirectory,
        ignore: [".*"]
      }
    ])
  ]
});
module.exports = devWebpackConfig;

这里我删掉了之前默认配置的devSever，以及module.exports直接导出devWebpackConfig。此外，因为打包生成目录的变化，我修改了output里面的path,filename,chunkFilename。使他们生成到self_blog根目录的www/static下面，这也是thinkJs静态资源的默认目录。需要注意下，filename指的是你的出口文件（app），以及通过codespliting生成的js（vendor,manifest）的文件名；chunkFilename定义的是一些懒加载组件打包后的js文件名。

下面需要添加的就是html-webpack-plugin，因为需要打包成两个html，所以使用两次这个插件。除了定义生成文件名（filename），html模板（template）等，还需要定义你这个html需要的chunk，这是跟单页面配置的一个区别。

除此之外，如果你想要开发环境打包时就分离出css，那么在使用utils.styleLoaders时，将extract置为true。因为这里的方法判断是开发环境才使用extract-text-plugin抽离css。

3.webpack.prod.conf.js的配置

prod的配置与dev差不多，生成文件目录也没变，只不过多了一些js,css压缩插件。

"use strict";
const path = require("path");
const utils = require("./utils");
const webpack = require("webpack");
const config = require("../config");
const merge = require("webpack-merge");
const baseWebpackConfig = require("./webpack.base.conf");
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin");
const ExtractTextPlugin = require("extract-text-webpack-plugin");
const OptimizeCSSPlugin = require("optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin");
const UglifyJsPlugin = require("uglifyjs-webpack-plugin");
const baseFileName = require("../package.json").name;
const env = require("../config/prod.env");
function resolve(dir) {
  return path.join(__dirname, "..", dir);
}
const webpackConfig = merge(baseWebpackConfig, {
  entry: {
    app: "./entry/entry-client-index",
    blog: "./entry/entry-client-blog"
  },
  module: {
    rules: utils.styleLoaders({
      sourceMap: config.build.productionSourceMap,
      extract: true,
      usePostCSS: true
    })
  },
  devtool: config.build.productionSourceMap ? config.build.devtool : false,
  output: {
    path: resolve(config.dev.assetsRoot),
    filename: "static/" + baseFileName + "/js/[name]-[chunkhash:5].js",
    chunkFilename: "static/" + baseFileName + "/js/[name]-[chunkhash:5].js"
  },
  plugins: [
    new webpack.DefinePlugin({
      "process.env": require("../config/prod.env"),
      "process.env.VUE_ENV": '"client"'
    }),
    new UglifyJsPlugin({
      uglifyOptions: {
        compress: {
          warnings: false
        }
      },
      sourceMap: config.build.productionSourceMap,
      parallel: true
    }),
    new webpack.optimize.OccurrenceOrderPlugin(),
    new webpack.LoaderOptionsPlugin({
      minimize: true
    }),
    // extract css into its own file
    new ExtractTextPlugin({
      filename: utils.assetsPath(
        baseFileName + "/css/[name].[contenthash].css"
      ),
      allChunks: true
    }),
    new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
      minify: {},
      chunksSortMode: "dependency",
      environment: process.env.NODE_ENV,
      filename: resolve(`../view/blog/index_index.html`),
      template: "./view/index.html",
      title: "博客管理系统",
      favicon: resolve("favicon.ico"),
      inject: true,
      chunks: ["manifest", "vendor", "app"]
    }),
    new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
      filename: resolve(`../view/blog/blog_index.html`),
      template: "./view/blog.html",
      title: "博客展示",
      favicon: resolve("favicon.ico"),
      inject: true,
      chunks: ["manifest", "vendor", "blog"]
    }),
    // Compress extracted CSS. We are using this plugin so that possible
    // duplicated CSS from different components can be deduped.
    new OptimizeCSSPlugin({
      cssProcessorOptions: config.build.productionSourceMap
        ? { safe: true, map: { inline: false } }
        : { safe: true }
    }),
   
  ]
});

if (config.build.productionGzip) {
  const CompressionWebpackPlugin = require("compression-webpack-plugin");

  webpackConfig.plugins.push(
    new CompressionWebpackPlugin({
      asset: "[path].gz[query]",
      algorithm: "gzip",
      test: new RegExp(
        "\\.(" + config.build.productionGzipExtensions.join("|") + ")$"
      ),
      threshold: 10240,
      minRatio: 0.8
    })
  );
}

if (config.build.bundleAnalyzerReport) {
  const BundleAnalyzerPlugin = require("webpack-bundle-analyzer")
    .BundleAnalyzerPlugin;
  webpackConfig.plugins.push(new BundleAnalyzerPlugin());
}

module.exports = webpackConfig;

四.总结

具体可以看github上的代码

本次项目主要目的是练习thinkJs，这里先把前期webpack配置方面的东西简单说下，下一篇将会仔细讲下thinkJs的使用方法和特性。项目会继续更新，不少东西还没做完呢。